

  
Ŀ¼ 

һ¡ٴů
ڶ¡ѨǱ
¡Ц޶
¡ʿ
¡¥
¡׳н
¡Ŀäĸζ
ڰ¡̶ʩƭ
ھ¡ٻ
ʮ¡Ѫ
ʮһ¡ǰ·
ʮ¡ޱ
ʮ¡ǿ
ʮ¡ݻ
ʮ¡Ů
ʮ¡˿





 

  
һ¡ٴů 

һĿʼ
ʹؽⶳգ
ʹľٷʹͺͺ֦³ѿһ̵
һµϣ֮ڴ
ůģʹǿšž޲ٴεؼഺѩʹѵİΪ֮
𡪡
ĵ
㱻
޴ɻ
ȥ٣ĺϧ̾ӽ̤䴺̽
ɫ߲ãºʱˣ꽦죬ҹ㼲شأġ
̫ˣ̫ˣһʱ˵꣬ڡʵ̫ˣ֮£ͶҲ̫ˡڼ尾õĺ֮ǿŴ٣֮ޡ컹㲻ĵؽˡ
ǡˮůѼ֪ȶ˫ѼȺˮĽһɲǣȷ쵽ˡģժͷϵǶƤñϵްҲûּӭĳһţһ
СơӡѴ֧һƬս
ܱһʮ֦ӣ¿ɶܻˣεવصˮӡ
ˮʯ治ûƼô˳һȥȫСӶʱ귻кЩͷˡȴиƯ֡ӭһ׼ǸƹأǸջǸͷ
ʵѽ㻹û´ɶǣҲҲԵģҲ˴ҹҲեͣҲĥ
쵽ˣÿʱ򣬡ӭܵ÷ϻУЩƤˣӹˣаʮӰɣס
Щ˰´ҰϰµƤһ£֧ϼɹɹĴȻ󴷡ĥΡ꣬ʹ֮İĹƳƤͳӡ
Щ¼򵥣ø¡
лǮæһ죬ӭôһ£һůͣЩүɾеöˣĳԺ֣ĢˣѰͷ
ӭгĺþƣϺõļȡɵļĻȣѵһصҰζȫУ¹ӣģһȣ˺һϰ׸ɣζɾͲˡ
ӭҲһСܱȵģƣʮ߰ˡ
ӭɾͻ󺣡š۽ա󺣣˵ǹһɽϴɢа˸ôһ
ҲһʢټеһŵɾûЪ
طһа걻ѩⶳܹסһ⣬˵ɲǼ׵顣ڹȥҿջΪ޷롰ӭֹͣˣڡӭͳ⡰Ӽϵһ֦㣬ΪһƣӦǲΪ֮
ӼȫǧٻסңаũԻߴıӣǴƬԭʼӣݶǣҪԴֵܻǮĴɽ׻ǿɵóǣ⣬Ҳúܡ
Ǹ߸ߵ̫ɽ󲿷Ϊѩ⣬ʢʱ⣬ɽĶȻŲİѩɽһ֧ɽһ濪Ĵ㣬а֮ң
ͨڵصкĳִֹֻۣ󳵣Сӣڵϸǳǿɾͷʹˣ˵ӼԶǱصģ˵飬ĵһһУų˼
棬һˡ
ﳤֲׯڣС󡢴ʲôÿʱƬԶǱ̵ģ
ﻨ㣡
ڵϣͱӼһ飬ȴڱӼطľͱӼҲĲ𣬺һϵƵģ
طС롱о򻧣Ӽɾ͸ˡ
Ҫ˵롱͡Ӽͨʯ·ɾûˡ
ʯһţͲƽȵֵʹάŽеһϵҪطַˡ
ӼǸ磬ǸܵܣܵȻǮˣǸȴйͷ־ܵܽǮܵҪﻹ磬͸ʽչ˸磬粻ʣǿɾͲദˡ
´ĳϵĵһ󻧡̷ҵߣȴҲͬʱչ˵˱Ӽϵǵһơӭ
̷ϵһ󻧣ӭҲǱӼΨһһطƫƫôһͷһͷľĸζġʯˡ
ӭķ۽ա󺣣ڱӼͷƽĿڶ˭ҲȴҵǸ󻧡̷ңڻʱСġ
̷үӵĳ꣬ƽزţҴҵΪҲֻҲǸ̫ƧˣҲеĸ˶ӣ֮Ⱥһʽͺȥ˽
۽ա󺣶̷ķǵηֱóϷôһϵɣ̷Ļ㿴ÿλ̫үܻչ󺣼ǧӵ⡣
ԼҲŴƤ⣬ƤɲЩƤˣҪǧ˵ڵزֻ֣۸һˡ̷ҡ
ֻҪ̷һˡ̷ֻүһˣƤһ˵̷ҵĹ˷ųˣжҪ٣ȥʱ򣬰׻жû٣
Լʵݲ˵ǸվýһƤˣҲǡͺӸߡմⲻ١
󺣾η̷үӵԭϿΪˣʵǲˣɾûֻ֪еԼˣ
ӭȻһ£ΪӭŹһƤˡ
¥ʳʮӣϴð׾ģСæתüëϴ¯̨ȥ壬ų̣ӸƤһϣ¶˿ڿ㣬ʱǰָš
ʮͷˣȥӲʵúܣϼûƣɤŶǴˣųǻһʮⶼġ
ϢһѾˣͷźСơ˳ܵûƼſˤ˸ſ
üǸʲôģ껹ûô£˳ҵģһ󳵣˱껹Ҫֹ࣡һ˸ˣϵĶ˼ӣдû֦չϰ䡱Ĺã߸СƣһԵȫܳӭ
̤Ÿոܽı飬ٲ˻й侢ŵɱǱߴķ磬ͬСӹΣСӽʰʹǴһȴЦġ
ѹƬƬϹıдˮѹȥˮϸߡ
ϳˣŴޣȣȣȱڻ졣
ɲǰ󳵣һ·󳤳Ƶε˽ǰ̿ϴԶֻмƣ̫ĹⲻȣůůģֻܸպðѱѽصŽţϣѲһ侢ҲɾЩӥȥɣɣͣؽлţǾһرĻӭʽƵġ
ӼҼҴŶˣСӡСϱͷ̫̫ӭʲôƵģϴЦݣӭһһȣΨһӿˣ
ƤеǶѡ
ЩѣҲûǮһӹġ϶סһСƤӣһӷۣ֬ڱӼ˵ѵõĺ
ȻŮ黳ĴŮֿٴοˣЩºƤ̣ô֮£ɾɫˡ
Ѷ
һ󳵵ĳʽϽ¿ֵһִޣҶˣǰֵһ8֣ͷβ죬ܴһȥ
ˣϽ¿øʲôƵģһ³Ƥ̻ţţӭƹĹ֡
ƹĺðҸ
ллллֻһϽ¿ɾͶʮصһӡ

Ϲˣ˴ղ͵˲ʹܵ˸ʵݣ
ŵڶˡ
ÿһЩͷʽϲ춼ϲ£ԶжʮСӣÿһ˸߲ҵġ
ϵ˶Χ£ţݶ쾢ģӼûôˡ
չ⣬ʶһкʶĸ½
˸˷ж¿˺ɹˡ
ܷµæµŸտʼϰﻨĹٳɱʱ߰˸СӣæתĹָţӿ˵ĿζһһӶ˳ȥͦ׼һá֣
ʳ˫ֶһ롰϶סԾơ
Ƥӵĸѩɣһͷ
ʮͣǸûȢޣ˳ÿ࣬˵һǺģһССйӺͲ󣬶ļҵ
󺣶Ƹд
ļ磬󺣴ЦŵУֵܣģˣлƣϸýʲôĹŮֵֻɣ
˵ţһӣһƺ˸⡣
ѩˬʵһЦһ϶ף˸βʣ
ֵܣػ⣬һ仰ͲСˡӲ˵ɰӸˣ
ϸЦˣ£ѩŨüɾɲס£һ
Цһ£ͦڵصϲǣ˿ýŲ˵ףһæһθϣɾ͸ˣ
ѵӼ룬ôЩŮֵһϣ㵽Ҫʲôģ
ҡѩֹЦЦͦƯСӣһһſžƵģְף
⵵
ðɣתһôɣ
һѡڻպЦ飡ûаæƤǾͰʮţľ͸˵ˣ
ã󺣹Ц˼ùϲλˣ
ڻպָŸѩɣ˵ƹģùϲǵҵģֻѩɽİħһοǵͷˣ
һ£̶ʤϲصģƤûУ
ħһֻĴܣѩɽׯܺôЩطͣټԣʮû˵һܹ˽ħԵģʱէšħˣڡѩɵ˼Ⱦϲ
ѩɺܸ˵صͷЦǴɰˣǸ
Ǵϲ£ֵܣ֪֪󺣵һ˫۵ǰħĻݸһǧӣƤˣԸǧأ
ôѩɲ۾һЦˣһΪ˳һأ
󺣶ʱһ£˭˵ģ
ǲǶνѩɺľƣ̵صҲ
۽ա󺣹һЦ˵ǰͷҲ𣿡
ЦÿǲȻһĵСơӡȵ

һ£пͣѽҲһ£Ϊ󳵾ֻôһӣеڶôԶĻϣŵǼֱܣҪǱصĿͣؿͻõͶס
鲻ԽͬŶ˷ӣ˿첽ӭ˹ȥ
ĺɫɲиôû˳
Ȼһŵһɫ£ͷϴͬɫñ紵ԶԶȥ˵Ӣˬֻǿһֵĸо
һƥëɫڣȥƺϿͬĵ
ͣӳһһÿ죬գƤĹѵ˵ǰ
̤ѩ࣬紵Ʈų£Ǹ˷첽һӭǰн
׷󺣣Ҳб۵ĵϺúȴסһÿ
͸ϣصѵǹģ
۵ˡ
˵ӭȥ־ȥƥĿڻȴû뵽ԷƥȥݵģҪ˫ǰ˻ţſҧ
ȻᱻҧϣҲһ
üһţһֻɺ沱ƹȥȣһơ
ƥôһģʱˣ˫һشࡣ
ϿЦ˵£ҿ
һ˵һ淭⵱ע⵽Էһ˫ƶӵı׿ѥ澹ǲմһЩ
ʵֹ˫ЬԷȫ£ҷصɫ£ȥôɾһȾ
Сط㽲ɾĿʵǲ
¿һֻߵӭǰ˫ֱȭֵ󺣣
ӭӭ
ſʮҵͣ׾Ƥü㣬Ŀ壬͵һֶ˵ʣǳ;棬ɾ񽭺ϸûַ糾֮ɫ
ϻ˵ɫͳӰš
󺣱֮¿͵ͷЦ󵱼ҵĴҵҵ
գ
ɣɣɣ
ɣǴӹôʲôư
ɣ˵ͷǹģƤ⣬̸ʲôƣ
һƤģ󺣺ٲҪ࿴ˡʣһ
͸ϣٿôһһƤͣװٶ
ǣ˲
õ
ɣĿ˴û뵽ôˣؿһۣڽһ
һ۾鲻Խض࿴ۡ
һĿˣûдʲôƤȻе֣Ҳ̫ע˵ӵĹͣչأ
ɣĿжǼɫ£ɫһģ촩·̫Щˡ
ժ·ñſͷúܳһֵͦĶ̷βͰģɢţϴ˵һӿζ
·Щ纮ǰ϶淢һָӣ΢ݵֵĲݡ
ƤͣǰϣҪʲôԵģǾƣҪһСա
Ʋ˺ܿˡ
ɣغžƣ۾ȴɴȥ
ĺɫշżֻͺӥͿţ֨֨ؽš
˵ĺϼӳԶ̷ҵߣһƬʰ쵡
˫ӣʲôƵģšš޵£ɬ϶ףһعൽ˺
ʳĿˣѵ˾ʱһ죬ҲϢˡ
ºƣкŴһ¥ЪϢ½ɢֻмǸͷӡѩɺͬﻹûȥ
۽ա󺣺͡䡱Ĺãš
ֻ۵ţزʱɣš
үǹ߹ģɿûУ۽ɣôһá
ոǵˡ
ҡҡͷŵûǸʲôģϿѧӣ
ۡһЦԼҲΪ仰̫ܡ
һЦ˵ֵܣ⻰ˣλɣѻһϵأ
ô˵
ҲǸƤġ
Ŷѩִɣۣҡҡͷ˵񣡵ҵģŪˣ
Լ˵ģ
ǻģѩŵúܣٴεҡҡͷ񣬲񣡡
ĹƲһ죬ҿҲһǸɴֻģߡ
һμ棬ƾʲôϹѽ
㡪̾ϢţһǣƷ˼ң׼֪˼ǸʲôͲǸң
Ůз˫ۣصͷ
⻰а˳񣬾ǸҡţҲ׼ӣ
ꡪ󺣲Լšӣʶӣֿ˼Ҷ
ĹðüëһҪӶ죬۾ȴһ¡
٣˭
òк˶ˡ
󺣱ȿ
ѩֱ󺣸ȿ
ȫ˶ֱֻۣнǸɣĶԸͷȾơ
ûֻ£һĲܶá
ҲͲʶԷطʶԷˣɾ̫ˡ
ƫڰͻϵĴʮšʮ꣬ˮһ˫۾ڵһͷ㷢ɢںϣô۵һ̶һϮ

ϮƤ磬ϳҷҲղǸ¿һش찤˵档
ޱ߻һʺɽ軨Ư˸Ưƥԭ֬ɫһԶһƣɲǼǰ
۽ա󺣽סһվ̷С㡪
͵͵ؽһֳޱȵĽ顣
˵۾λСķסˣ﷽Բ˭Ҫ̷֪Сˣ׼Ǹӣ˵Ҫ̷ҴС˹ɫ׼ǸϹӣ
סͬһطҪ볣հλСķݣһ׵£
̷Ǹլӣ⻨԰ʮĶСôˣطҲСǴС춯ˣԣ˲лһķݣ
󺣼ΣǸʱ
ʱ̷С֬ϣյ񹭣ŰѾʹһѣӥļӥĻֻСЦЦ˲ɣ˵ڲͨͨţ
ô¡֦ҶĴ˵Ǳ߳Сˣԭ½ӻҲټ
ټСŶǸʲô
֬ӭǰ̷ͣСһֻڰôһǼһƬƣƮƮ˽ǰ
ֻôһṦѹ˵ˡ
СӣԸѹţֻϰһĻۣ˲Ҳ˲ضŶԷû꣬Ͳһˣ
̷СǸ˭Ƶģˮѻ˺һӣ̴̵˽
ʳ˵ӣӲתҲתһµض
λɣտˣҲ⣬ֻһۣȴְתĥȥˡ
۽ա󺣺š塱ĹãԼͬ£˹
ȹһСʲô紵ţôŹСˣ
̷Сûɵôӭǲǣ
һش֣ôˣôһëƯŮ˾죬˵ǻ
ݵһ԰ǻС㣬˵ﻰֻҪ뻹벻أ
̷С˫ˮ鲻Խתˡ䡱Ĺõϡ
Ů˼ŮˣԵһ㡣
֪㡪̷С΢΢Ц˵ǻĹûǰɣ
һЦӴС۾ﻹһţѵãĹþͻĹõˣɵ
ʲôһģ۾һӣ˭Ҳ˭Щʲô
һ˵ţһŵӵ˵𣡡
ĹǷݵɾͲˣȴֻЦæСҪ˵ɣ
һЦСҪЩʲôɣ
ɲҶأ
ޡ̷С̾ϢһȦеصҸԣ
ǡĹ˵ţɲʡ
Ҹ㼸ˣĹðָͷ˵ɼ񡢽˿ˮĥ⣬
ˣⲻҪˣһĳԵô࣡Ľëһã˫ˮͫӣɾͲƼ˶ͷϵλɣĿˡ
е⡪ÿ˵Ĺ۵һطľǲġ
˫۾ɣתתתϡ
Ĺõʲô
̷С嵭һģ
Ĺæôɣ㶹綹
á
̷СЦЦ¶˫һУ˫۾ɾ鲻Խɣġ
ع˳۾һۣЦŵǸͣҲǸƤġ
˭ѽ̷СװŲ֪Ƶġ
ˡĹ͵͵ɣָһ¡
̷СϺһ£أ
䲻µɣȥͦɾĲ𣬲طˣһú̿ƹƵģ
ۡСЦæֱС
Ĺվ˵ҵ޲ȥˡСԵȰɣ
̷С΢ЦͷһֱһСޣһֻ׵֣߸ߵС޴תżעǸޣԵ֡
ѻصмϣȴطֵѩһ˫ͫӣգҲգ̷ֱС㣬ߵĻ顰ڻպ꣬һСɽߡģһǵĿ죬ֱˡ
֪λ̷СƢֳʱæø첲Ÿѩһ¡
ѩͻһоѡ
һЦȾƣ
ѩͦˬʵ飬ȴҲֲֳڣ΢΢һ죬پһ
ѹɤһλô
Цһ£ѩָͷմľƣд¡˹ɫĸ֣˳ֲ΢΢һЦЦô
󺣵ֻ˸ϣҲҲڶˡ˭ҵǧ𣿡
ǡ
󺣳Цһմžд˸̷֡
ѩһ̷᣿
һ㡣
С޵̷С㣬ز˵
ѩɸæͷ
󺣺ٺһЦվС㣬˻û
̷Сգ۾´ŸѩˣȴҲֵˡڻպ͡ɽߡֵ˵üۣϿɾͲ֣Ը£һͰҲת˹ȥ
ƫƫǡڻպ֪꣬Է·ſأԷЦ
ⷬЦЦúûɣ̫ȫ𾪡ǱϵɣտҲסعͷ
Ͳ˵̷С㣬ֳһƬɫ
󺣳һϵܣô
պЦһ٣̤Ьٴѹ󵱼ҵģղŲ˵ҪǸֵýڿˡ
󺣡ѩԴһ
ѩɼҪ˵
պһЦôֵܣ㻹
δ꣬ͼǱͷϵĴСվһסڣ
˫֣ٿ̧ꡪꡪɼ磬еĿӰһֻҵļպϷ
ѩɾպߣ״һֿ죬ּԵбѿԼߵһڵء
ӹӲ棬ֻáۡһʣµǸӣһѵӰأش̽պ
պꡰӴһһ֣˿ӣһѪ˳ֱ
Ƥͣƽߵһţټԡڻպ걾һӣĿ֮£һŮǰ
ֽһøˣպһֻһӡһӷɴ˳ȥ
󺣼״صضһ½ŵ⣡
ˣ
ڻպµʱҲλ̷Сµһɲǣµɿֳһ˫ӡ
ⵯָĹպһֻȭͷ̷Сͷ
ѩ䲻ʶԷλΣֻƾԷ̷֮ᡱ
֣ͿԾԶ϶һˣ
ڻպԼ״Թ˼ʱٲת棬ֻ½ֲָ˺ã˿̼״һ磬ס֣
òģ̷ҴСѷдһ֣ԣպȭͷµһ˲֮䣬̷ֻСĽٿһת
˫ӣ
ʱĿӣƫеһ̧üסպµȭͷ
պԲ۾һӣһֻ첲ӰĴϸ
̷С㽿磬˫̧֣¶İӴźϸףοֻһ˫ӼнסԷȭͷ
պ˼ȭͷѹ·ֺǵˣջڶһҲѡ
һʱ䣬պźǳɫƶĺ飬һſŹԲԲ˳ֱ£ʩչҲ̷С˫ӣ
һԵŵһ£̷СһС㣬ɮ濴棬ԭλֵܵˣ¸м
̷СЦϰ壬ⲻ£Գ״Ҫɫƣ
󺣼
ƫƫպ겻˼ڶԷ֮¶ãȴû£һ̷Сͷϻȥ
̷Сüһ޵ãֻֻſӵ֣һһͣһȥ
պ굹ƼųĴˤ˳ȥ
顪ȡ˸վֱǸ˶ʱ䡱ĹŲ˳״һǰ̷С㣬ô£
̷Сһ˲ŭȫˣŴǸˣ΢΢ЦһЦŻĹ˵û¶Լҵ 







 

  
ڶ¡ѨǱ 

ĹðѲ˰ϣ̷С󷽷سԷҲ࿴κһۡ
⡣ڻպһһյ߽ȫ··ȫϡסˡȻǻŭ𣬿Ҳ֪Էʵڸ߹Լʮ࣬Ҫ֪ƱػҪԴ
Ǵ򲻹ɲܳԿ
̷ҴС㣬ҧгݵã˵ˡһ뵽ղ仰Ļʱ¸˶
¿ƣߣ˵⼸仰ɾһһյ¥ȥˡ
̷СҲûһۣͷķ
ѩȴЩסʱλһֱߵ̷Сǰ
̷С˿ӣͷصҾ֪סˡðɣ
һվһƤͷһã˫ޱȾˮ˫ֱͫŸѩɱӹһԲϣʱֵģ
ѩɱȭЦ̷С㲻ҪᣬС㶯ֳֻ֣Ƕˣһʱˣ
̷֪СһЦҶƸ飬㿴ô
ѩɵͷ¿ˣ
ǻʲô
ѩһ죬ŵصʲ¼Сλֳ֮ʱˣڹеġǧַ֪벻ǣ
̷С΢΢һͷѵãСطмңأ
ѩһЦСпֳ꣬ǧ֮ˤ˳ȥɼСŮꡯϳ湦Ҳǣ
̷СĿһתһЦ
ѩǰһһЦ¸ѩϲȭţҲ¹Щ깦򣬼С񹦣һʱԸСһ֮ӡַ֤ѣͻ֮⣬֪Сɿϴͽ̣
ֻ֪ѩ湦򣬿ʼջֹ
ʱóȻҪ̷С֣һ
˫ԼдϵҪץӿɲÿ
ǰŸѩһֻ첲ֵôˣ̷С˵Ҳˣ
ѩȴһֻƿЦһ󵱼ҵģģһˣҲҵ̷ǰǧ𣬿̷С书߳Сʮ󵱼ҵֺξ֮У
̷СЦոǵģԼ˵ģһҪǳ˿Թ飡
ѩɵС㴹
̷Сһ˫ʳһתﵹҲûˣ˴ƣʮˡϿŵǸ¿ˣأԶĿƣ߷²ע⡣Щˣÿ˶ֱ۾ţȻҪ
ǰ̷СڼҺţΪ˴򱧲ƽˤͬһº֮ҹٳһ̷үԳ֣סѽ족һ˫ˣв֪ˣ
Ǵ¼Ժ̷үӺݺݽѵŮһΣ겻ţԺٲ书򶨽
Ǽ£̷ֱС㻹Ȼˡ
͵͵ſڿһۣһ˳ĵӾ׳Щ
Ҿ͸ɫƣþգҲֵȥ
뵽۾Ÿѩһۣһͷ˵ðɣ㻮µɣ
ѩһֻһһšѾĺƤһճһȦ̷Сͷ
̷Сֻһ֣ץסƤһˣֻһšѩһģƤЩֶײǷ֮ڶһᵤ֮˫ɾͰסˡ
˫ɾʵһˡ
ֻе캣ƤӶʱֱ˫ע£ԭͼ͵Ƥ̹ӣǹơ
ѩԼġͯӹ൱ĻҪƤ£ԷġŮꡱһһЩڻպ궪ʧ档
֪λ̷ҵĴС㣬ڸر۰֮£һڣŮꡱ֮⣬١ŮʹȥĴС㣬ʵһĶɫ
ѩɳ޲죬Ȼ˫Ƭ̺Ѿ˲
ɲǼ䣬ֻźһһ˫ŭ͹żҪ˳
Ƭ̣ѩͷ΢΢˲Ϣ֮䣬㶼⬰ģ׷ֱ
̷Сϴ΢΢һ˿Цݡ
ѩɿʼ˺顣
ڳԹȻ٣ǰԷȷʵ˸Ī⡣
Ȼ֪˫ԵϸڣȴڹಫϹ۲죬ؿ˸ѩ·硣֪ڹһڣһƲסɾأǱʬҲϡƽ
鲻ԽΪѩһ亹
̷Сϴһ˿Цֻֻµֻһѩһζӵ
ȥλǿĴС㣬һʤ֮£ɾ͹˲øѩǷΪˡ
ڴҴĿģۿŶʤֵĵ˭Ҳעⱱλɣտˡ
ͼһֻţȻӳϸ̤µ棬ֻڽӴһɲǣȥҡҡ׹ĸѩɣȻӴһ£ʱ
ѩԭſһͷɢȻָ糣糣¡
ɣĿһ̷ֻ̤С漴ɫһ
ڹһ֣һʱָ֣һɣšˢ
Ʈ⡣
ߡһ˫͸žȡ۾ȴ󺣿ȥ
۹תֿĹá
תת
˱ǳ¿˵ϣɣĿͷľơ
ι̷Сһ
΢һƬˢһվ˳¿ǰ
ɣֲ̧ݵ̣ľڨش
̷СŴƵĪغһ£ֵǴӵһۿʼ˾͸º̵ӡ󡪡
˵һʲôĸо֮˸ԼĲһĸдղŵһǻŭ𣬴˿ڽӴԷǶԳһɲǣȻȻ޴棡
Էֱֱȴķ̷С㾹Ȼ
Ȼһ仰˵ſǱ˹ĵˣصڽ㣬ûô
ˣǸűĪİ˵һֱô
˭ʲôģ
ң˵ŻվǷ
̷С㡰ߡһղ˱ȹʱ򣬿㵷Ĺ
˵Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
˫ӣɨֳÿˣ΢΢ЦһֱӲ뿪ᵷ
ڳʶضһͷ֤Ļûд𣬷۾˶֤һ㣡
գ
ɣɣɣ
ʲôˣ
Ƥ
̷СĿһת˵Ļأ
ָǸⲻô
̷СһۣúЦˡ
ʲô
ĪǸң
ֻʰˣ
Ǿˡݲ棡
ߡ̷Сޣڿгһ£ߣҵ۾ȫֱֱ
һߵǰվϲʤ㵣ګګС㡭ʲôգ
˽ʲô֣
Ҳֻ֪ɣھȥȥ
˵Ҫɣ߹ȥ
̷Сˣ
ǣС㣡󺣺λС㣬һӡ
̷С΢΢ϣҸͣƹȥȥ
ȥȥȥЦÿͣҴȱϯһεȻҲ⣡
һ΢һ㲻ͬ
ôͬ
һҸ״еƤ˲μӣʱҲλɣ
ڳƤ̣϶ʱֳһ˿ɣǰ̷ܹ̫үߣֱ⣬Ѿһˣѵһ̷Ļ룬Ǻεֵҫһ
ֻ󺣵ϣȴ΢΢ֳʧ
ȥ󺣿Զռ裬һİϷ̷̫үֻһ˴򽻵Ǯ֣ôȻ٣ڿһˣͨˡ
ò٣Ǳβ¶Ӧţǡ
һԵĳ¿˫ֱһȭ̫ˣ´ΪľҪһʽףȻ룡
̷Сعŵһǻŭʧˣü۽Ǵһ˿г
ǴҸģɣĴǷԼ棿
ɣԣ
ɣɾͨ书
ͨһ
̷С˫۾һת͸ʧˣټ
˵תⲽھԼǰʱ˳ֶһӣӰһƮ⣬֬˻һ
ڳõĸѩɣ̷ֱС뿪֮󣬺һתλϡ
ֵܣʵղô£
ѩҡҡͷЦҲ֪˰һ֮
˵ʱ۾鲻ԽǱϵɣĿһۡվٱ˵ɣɿףһΣ
ǸɣԵվ𣬺ЦȭƼˮ꣬ţ³;棬Ϣˡ
˵걧ңλӭȥɣүҸ˸䣡

ɣԵͷͼݣ
Ҫɣȴֲϣһֻǰ·
۽աѩɶһۣվݿֻһɣǰ
ɣ߯ǫˣÿĵ
ô˵ţֻѴɣĸ֮£һС
Ҫһɣ·˫ʮ㣬ʮָ֮£ɵǧССһƤңֵ
Ȼˣ
󺣵˫ַһңɣ̧ͷһЦƹġҵ
ָֻһ䣬Ͽ˼ѶƹģƹȴЩֵ
书ԸˣȻǵܲССһңɣԵ߸ҷһ䣬󺣶ؾǿߵƤңȻɾ
ôȻ˫ϣ󺣽סӴ˸ģֻ¡һ죬վһƬݰ壬ͻѿһҽһ̤գֱݰȥ
ɣһЦСģ
ֻչ⣬һһܣ°ƹӷֱˡ
󺣶ʱɫһ䣬ǿһشɣԡ
ɣȻ¥ʧޣûˣ
˵Ƿһӣ¥ϲȥƹ̬ԣͣ
ҡҡͷû£úкλɣɵ
ϣŻعš䡱ĹԼƤ̶ֱü۵
ֵͷϸ̤Ƶ¥ݣָݰ徹Ȼ̤һ
󺣺ٺһЦľͷˣˣ
¥Ŵ˳ȥ·Ը˼ҿƵġ
ĹɷȻʡ
ֻصмϣֻʣ¸ѩһˣںžơ
ƹģôа¶˰ɣ
һѣˣ죬⻰һ㶼
ѩɵͷЦ˿ز¶ƹģɶģ
Ҫ֪Ҳᶪˣ
һ㶼û
Ҫ𣿡󺣺һھƣһŵƤҵ⣬ʲô밳ûϵиߵĳţòŲģ
ǡѩüˣҲǸƤģ
ģաǹܵţ
ǲֻǡ߲ƣ߲ӼСѽ
İɣһۣûʲôˣѹɤӵһɽһɽߣɣλҲث֣
˵̷̫ү
ߣưɣ
Ҫǳ̷ģǿеˣ
ѩɾһ񣬺Ѹղ̷Сʱ¶ˡ
̷̫үҲ¶¶ʮ꣬Ŷ췢ùˣ˵ġѩأƾôһµˣʲôǣ
ֵܣ˵ƤҸɲ㣬Ҫϵ㻹һӡ
ô£
ô£󺣷˫ۣΪ̷ͷ淢˷裬ԭôݶҵ£ܵϣʮһ
ΪΪʲôţ
Ϊ
մ˵ƣд˸֣æְǸֲˡ
˰ɣ󺣵ͷ˵ôأ·֪µֻһƵġ
˭ѩ۶ֱˣ˭̷ͣүҲţ
ҿɾͲ̫ˣ
Ҳ֪ǲԸ˵治֪˼ɣֻҡͷӺйеˡ
ѩһ£Ц洫˵̷ͷ˵˻ɣұţ˭֪ղŸŮһ̷֣֪ͷȻ鴫
鴫˫˾ĺҪǸɣľ㣬ֵܣҲˣ
ѩסˡ
ڹ㣬˵лղֵǸӣ۾˭̷ܿСȻ˵ǡŮꡯѵˣ̷үֵһʲôˣ
ʲô
治֪
֪ѩɵˡ
Ҹ㣡󺣷˫̷ۣͷһ־СԪһ񹦡û˵ֹˣֻҪƣըĸࡣ
£ѩɫȻһ䡣
ղλ̷СĶŮ˵ѵ̷洫̷вŮĵԷҴϵòţ
ֻô֪Ǹɣľң
ұǲ֪ѣ󺣺ܺطʱܹûˣֶʶһˣֻһ
ˣ⵹Ҳǣѩɻվȥ
أסһֵֺֻαءȻǲϵģֻ۲Ҳˣ
ѩ룬
ĺɫСѵ˵ƣһֽ
۽ա󺣺Ƥͷѩ˶кܶ¡
ѩ̷ҵǸС㡪ȴƽĵһŮЩԡ
ȴĥ⡪
ϵܣڸѩɼһ£ߵһӱˣ
󺣵ǿ顮ħøϸҰɡ
ѩһ£뵽ԷԼ˰ʵģһЦУƹɣ
ָͷ˰죬ҪģҸ
򣿡
ЦˣǮҲô
ѩһЦǧ
һ°ƣټܹǧ壬ôĿСˣ
ðɣѩһƶŲһ죬̸£
˵ת¥ȥˡ
󺣡ߡһıӰֱҧ䡱Ĺôչ
ҵģôƣ񰤴һ
̾ϢһȫʳǷԷ˵
̷ҪƣԺӣûˣ
Ĺһ̷ָ͵£ôذɣ
ô᣿󺣵ֻһˣȻȫ嶼ϣ̷ֱòмˣ
Ҫ̷Ҳ̫һˣôЩûͣҲпͣ׬ǮҲӦõģȻӲţ
˭֪«ʲôҩ
̷ͷҪ˼Ǿйĵףٹӡ
꣡һôûѽ
Ĺ߷ߵصҲûˣЩؿƿĵԲô
̷ĶҲѽ˵̷ͷ㲻ǲ֪ƾԣòͷ
ĹƲһ죬ų̷ҲǸˣͷۣ
Ů˾²㣬࣬Ҳ˵
Ĺһֻ֣ȱߣЩһֱţҲûϸظ߹ң̷֪ĵڶ˭
˭˵ˣˤ֣صԽ˵㻹Խ
ľ¥ȥˣĹֱŰۣ
ˣɴνȻ˵ʱҲǹġ
һӵĲˣվȥشָոһŴӣسһ
ԭ֪ʱվһˡ
ҲǸվҲѾվ˰ˣʮͣһ룬˫Ŀ̺˵ľ⣬ϴһĳӣɫǺڵģվһʱױ˿
䡱Ĺһ֮һ
ѽ˶ˣ
̷ҵ˷к̷үһĸˣ̷£ʲô¶λүչţ̷үӶλΣҲʮֹĹõȻܵ
һˣ˵ţÿǷ˵һᡣ
Ĺɫһ䣬ʲôûУ
ߡһתɴŽ
Ĺøæӵүȥǵҵ
òţġ
һ˵һͳóһдõкüʮš
ĹһЦݵ̫ҵˣͺү
ʱЩ͹⣬һϰҪæʱǺ磬̷ֶүҪԽӴ
ĹϲȻЦү֪Ϊʲô°ɣ
ϷͲ֪ˣ΢΢һЦλȻʲô⣬һϰɷģ
Ĺõÿ긮ҪƤǵҵĲɹһΡ
һΣҲʲô⡣˵ֻʽвͬѣ
˵ߡһһֻ£˳óһķĶӰһţǺܳصӡ
ǻƽһګګ˵ֶƹĶ֧֡С˼ɾ⣬ϰ£
ĹöʱĻŭţŵһǻԹ߲֮⣬̼һɾ
⡭̫ҵˡô˼أ
°ɣ˵ֶҴһƹֶ֪Ϊ˵ģϰҲ
Ĺŵ̷̫үطĴˣ󣬲ô⡭ȻҾʹǵҵлл
˵ţķһ˹ͱһ£鲻ᣬһ
һƽ𣬿ɲһСĿÿƤת⣬ȡҲûôĺô
ĹõһģȫƶˣŸղ˵ĻееھΡ
óһƤ˱ǼĿ֡
һҳдţ
³󺣻ƽһ
ϰո£Ϸ򷵺Ҳֶ
áĹЦֻŮ˼ûӡ£ȥеҵ
ãϰһӡվˣ
˵ŴӡºӣĹþ͸˸ĴָӡӣЦЦүȵһҵ
ѶӰ򿪣ɲƳγεĽҶӣһǶʮƬÿƬһһֵûĹüЦسлѡ
һ˹ĵؾһߣĿʵĿԲԣ
Զԡллүһˣүľƻ̣үһѰɣȥ׼ȥ
ˡ
һֻݵ֣һУס˻Ĺİ
Ĺþ˵Ƶشһ£ľƺһֶ׹΢ЦѰǰĹɲס࿴һֻۣǺֵϣȻָӡӣÿһӡӶģֻһƤҪᴩӡ
Ĺõ۾ֱˡ
һֱλ̷ҵ˷һ͵Ķˣȴδ뵽Ȼȵһָ֣Լǿˡ
һЦϰΪ»Ǻһĺã˵ǲǣ
Ĺһµǡү˵ĶԼˣ
Сһ˰һɥ֮˵һƬ˪ϰһλ˼ң޲֪֮ϰˣĳ˵ĻҲ˵Ϊֹ
ĹһһͷеŻʧ롢֪Եӡ
λվҹˣϷǣ
ֻ£һ壬ת
䡱Ĺôһ£Ȼɺȥү
عӣĹ˵ΣګګүղǵҵǾƺԣү㡭˲С˹֣ͷϴΪźá
ϰαعգ¾ͲҪˡ
˵üһʵŶˣҼС˵һλ¿ˣǣ
Ĺõɣģ
ŶһµҪ٣񣬷񣡡
˵תȥ
ĹźڳҹɫһĵѽһɫղҿԼû̫ڷԴ֮书ҪԼ򸾳֣ܻڣνӿ룬ӿڳһҲˣ
뵽ңԾպǰƽȴС¥ĹþͷԸŰϺãԺЪϢȥˡ
뿪ˡӭһת̷ҡ
ǰ̷ǸլԺΡĴɶߣϸԱߣһʮյƵӳ£ȥƺ
ǰʯʮԷһ˫޴ʯʨӣʯǽֲŰʱһ䲻ῪţȴһһʢʱĹ龰
һУɼլ̷ĳ˵ɣҲ䲻֮ͬһ㡣
ƽһ¶书ģֻϵĳۣСйƬȾѩ·ֱ̤ͨŵʯ
ҹ紵ߵöһƬΣش˸
⵱ڣɲ֪ǲۻˣȴһɿӰƬıϺ߱
ʱֵ´ϵĽȫܽ⣬ռʵÿߴ󳵵ĺ棬ڱ΢һƬ̲
˲ϡ棬ˮ˾̫ϡˡ
Ȼ˴ʩչ˴ĿĵṦϳǴеġ˲貨ãһǳɣȫƾһԵÿ˲ϢһΣṦϵ½ʩչĶ࣬ˮʩչȴ֮٣Ϊ˲һ䣬һ̤ʵڣɾ׹ˮ֮Σ
һ֮£ʱгһӸæԵİһУĿ⣬ˮϵλ֮͡
Ṧ˵𾪲ѣգ۵ĹѴԽı棬糸۰ǰ
ںʮþȵض϶һˣȻǸģȴ΢Էһͷ̫ߵӣƤɫɫҰףһͬԼһıӣǰȴһ飬¶°ɫĳ㣬һ˫׵طöдӽסԵʮ
ɲǼ䣬ʯϡ
ֻһϵĳ˫ͫӣ˸һƬ˵⡣
ĺһҲؾ۲ŶԷҹ۲Ƭ֮һ˫ʼ̷Ҵȥǰ
Цһ£ôĵӣʼŲһӣһӡ
ǰеˣͷŶ̷һƽ룬ʱؿһڳǺɫġ
˿Ĳ̷Ҵţվס˽Ų̧ͷƬ̣һ㣬һǵУѾԺǽһǡ
һÿ죬һ䣬Իֻһǽͷꡱص˳ȥ
һθ죬Զ
ɫ£һֻĴ㣬㴩ɣյһԺӵͤǰ
̷˷ٱˣһʽǱ족ӰһԺǽߣǰһǰ̽ꡪꡱɼ磬Ѵһ˫ڡ
˱ǱߣȴǱһ㣬İԶңǰһܣʹһȣȻתصһȡ
һѰһ˫߷Ӱ
һж֮£أ԰¶ΣԵ쳣ա
һӵڶȴź֮˹
һ󵨣
ǰһֱ̽ϻȥһ֣οȴƶһλã
˶˵Ǻ֣ںһɲǣͿһۣȴ⡣
ڶαáʽơ˵Ƶϴ
࿪ߣźϾͲ壡
ʽһ㣬˵̫Ѩ
һ˫ͬʩչ˫ײơ٣
һסһ
˵Ǻôĵӣ˼ҼȻûһƵģ벻ԼһƣԷȻȫˣʢŭ֮£һ̧áǺһһ棬ѳС 







 

  
¡Ц޶ 

һЦѣҲ̫ˣʲôطݵöӲ񣡡
˶ȻŵöԷȽУƺһнһľʹ̡
˳ŶԷĽͷһתָüľ͵㡣
ͺٺһЦϷúӣнһתͬҲƵģһƬι⻪磬б
Ǻĳ̫ˣҲǱ˴˾̫һ㣬â֮䣬ֻá˻һĽ棬ںĳ˰һӡ
˸սزɲǣʩչӷݡṦΧǽ˳ǽ⡣
̷Ѿˣ߰ӰǰԺֱ˵
Ǳ𶯣żң
˵ʱһϽӹһڡ۵һ£Ѿ˳ǽ⣡
һɲǣѿԷҹпٿٿֱƬȥ
ȷʵģ˲˺ӱߣƺȻʩչ˲貨ĹʼˮϻȥʱҲƵ˵ǰ
ǰһϲҪȥ
һ˲䣬ӰһһͬȰ
һݣɫµߣĳˮ̤ϣ̫ͣһײ˸˴һн˼Ͼ
һ
ЦУֻֻצĳǰһݣ˸Ŀ䣬֪һʲôַ֮ǿڹ⻪ĿĳѵУ
ҹпʹһһȥ
ֳһһҹпһѱ⣡
ֱϾһƬ֮Уһ龪ǵֱվȴѾŵɫ
ǰߣ˫ϸӣֱֱرŶԷˡ
ѡ룬̷Ŀˣֺαػһʱ
߲Ǵ֮磬ԼֺţլӵĶˣ
ɫһӷף˫â¶Կڵ飬Լصĳŭ
̷᣿ٺ٣һ̷ᣡһ͸̷ͷεʲôǹѽ
һڵصɽǻڶ˵һ̶ִо
˵˼䣬һԭͲߵӣ΢΢һףֻʽ˸ͫӼҪ̷ᣬȴҲ˲̷˷
һԷԼ֪֮΢΢һ¡
ʱǰ߱һȭãҹ֪Ϊȴɷߣ
˵ɫһؿЦõģл˵һ㣬Ŵү棬ҹ㻹ô
ȻڼΪ֮£Ƿ̬ȴ˿
ҹèӰعЦһ˴ŹٸһףΪǲѪѣӾͲʶˣ
̷үȻһû뵽뽫ʮ֮󣬻ᱻʶ˱ĿĿһɨ̷̫ү
ͬĳԾĿͬž塢ɻɱ
֣Ѿʮ겻˵ˣѹֺŲ԰׵ϣԵôĲڣ
ϸشһ˵״ò
ڶԷǲ̷£һͬ˰ⳤһ˸СԲ·ÿһգ䣬һģ
Լʮֹ꣬͡
񶸵ɼһˣһ˿ҵ˿ͷһ㣡
Īǽе岻ȷԷǲˣֻ˵һ֣ʱס
˹Цһ˫ͬͶӣһգǻֵ˵ߣͶˣǹȥе㽻顭ֵյСӽά
񡰰һһȴ۾ȥһԵ̷̫ү
̷үӵһڴһʱƺҲŤˡǣʮֹˮ£ĥɴϵġǲȻоµܾҪˡ
ˣȻ൱ţ
άʮҲ˺ܶడ̷̫ү˫˵˫ͫǱߡޣĻˡ
սĺһϴ˵ļ̷̱үӿһֱֻۣһ£Цŵ̷϶ɽģˮ벻ֵܣɣ
һԳάҶԶô
սİѼһмص硪ʮǰĶ磬̫үҵġǺҪǶʮǰʮǰƾСӸҶô˵ۼҷ͸õһ֣Ƕʮ󣬺ٺ١
սһɽʵܣֻĩβļЦëȻ
ЦһĿ׹صʮǲֵܣԩˣ
ɫһת̷̫үȭݵ˲񣿲ּ
̷̫үһֹֻ˵ȥʵ˫˸ŷâӣΪˮ
ʹʤˡ
Ȼ̾һګګϾţߴߣʹʮҺͺߵ躹ޣݼҵν֮סʮ꣬Ҷ˶ռλ빲ֵܣʮֵصϾţ硢ǻô
ии
ά˵ʱӹôڵػţŹͷǲҰ׵Ķ̷ƵġһطϵЩ̣
ǽʮˣҲʮˣĸ硢ķͷݶϸˡ
ôġˣ̷ϴүһֻųָ׵֣۾ĨĨᡣ
ꡪ̷ģⲻè޺Ӽٵɣ
סڣһѵ˽άǰָ濪һսϴȥ
սҲб̽ȥͺէһӣ˵Ĺǽڣ㶼һ˴˵Ӵػһ£
ߣ಻ͽĳ࣬ôǼſˣǲǣ
ŭ˵
ȱðսɭɭصðңֲ㡭ôţպҡһ䣬Ǯˣʮ˼ƤеĶң˷۾Ϳǰֵˣ
ϾšһΣŭ̷̫үײͬںȷЩϡ
ﲻǻĲ
Цһ̷̫үһЦô˵Щúˡ
ٺ١ά˵ˣ
ʲôʱ֣
άһ˫СۻؿǰĴУЦŵҪôָʾ
˵硱ʱֱֻһȭ
̷̫үյİݵܡϾšϣʧȥ˶ʮĽζԷȻôصɱζԲµóʮȻû뿪ֵմѪȥ˵ĺڵ
˵ȴҲԼʧȥ˵Щ뵽Щɱ˵ֶΣסЩವĸо

ڡάص룬ȴҲ̫Զ
λֵأ
άĸ⣬иڣ
̷үһЦҵ
ʵúã
սһڣޣĹۿ˵ˣôǷƣ˼Ҿ͵һߣҸһֵܽܳĵˣҵС
̷үһ£ͷ̾ͺáһ뿪Ǻõģ
ͷɾʹˣֵۼҵСˮ˼ԴһҲ˱һȽˮӿɾˡ
һ仰ǣҵ˰ˣЦŵάҺ̷ʮǰҤǵѣϰ˺ʹӣҲƷǵѡ
ǳʱһëǮûЩܹд˳ɾͣȫǶ쵼зһһʯģʮǰؼѵǾķŲҪɸһ
ƽѵõ˵һ仰ĺһ˵Щһϣ¶ɾͱֳΪ֪һˡ
ⷬǰλϾ˵ɾ͵ڡ¿ţ١һҲûС
ߣ˵ıȳĻάƵһЦŵ
ʵڸɣɩˣ˸ǸϹӡ
ô˵
̷̫үһɩˣ
Ƥװ̷ͷллһ֡ӷ֡ɩӵʱȷʵһɵȵʱ򣬲Ŷһʬ̷ͷ֪ɣһʬѽ
һʬ̷̫үϷص⻰ô˵
ϾЦô˵ɩӵʱѻµУһʬôţ
һװģ̷үӣ˶ʱɵסˡ
άһݣһ浹һ˵ĹЦȷĹЦ
̷϶֪ʱʮˣ۰Ͱ͵صǸӣ㡭Сӿɸ˺
סڣ޵صǸҪŮˣʱڳŶҪߣŽϸ˶磬ô£ʱӦǸŮˣҰ˵Ҫϴǰйףáڡҵĸ첲
ӣֵ˻أ
㡪ŹƨάƵ˹ֳֻź˫Ͳ
˫һǰһáͯӰݹ˫һϣġһֱάϿ
άʹһСϷˮһתƮ⡣
Ҫȥ̷̫үȵס֡
ʱֹסάһΣˮ䣬̷ϴүӾںӱվţݵʹӣŽάŵһҽʱһ٣Ц㻹ߣ
һָɽƥһ׹⣬νġš
׹һά֪ŵһƮԭ
һվܲһüëһôţ̷϶㡭㻹ߣ
̷̫үһЦά˵ĺãѲֵܣԩˣҪϸش𻰣Īֽ飡
άٺЦţƵƵˣ˸ĿԿĵ⡣
̷ϴү˵˭Ҫģ
Լģ
ʲôԵף
֪αضʣάЦţ첻ˣǣʮǰһѪˣúúһˣ
ô˵ϴǻ֪ס̷̫ү̽ʡ
άЦˣһȥҲ֪ˣʱǡϾָþһˣ
㻹صȥô̷̫үһɲǣȻֳɱ
άȻһȻ뵽Լ˵ֱ̫ˣֻǰһ֮ʧѽˡ
һ֮䣬άʱʧȥǷ̬˼㵵ص롭ɱڣ̷϶㡭㻹ô
ôң̷̫үĿ⣬һɨ˵Ϻ·

Ѳͣ⣬ʯУס˽άơ
άɫһ䣬Цһ̷϶¶֣Ī㲻´硢ǷŲ㡪
ѾŲˣ̷үصϾţǱֵģǷǲ̷֣ĳ˵죬ֻҲȡϴΣҲܿ㲻֮ͽǰҵˣ˵ֻ÷һƴ
̷ᣬΡ
˵ѿڵ⡣
˵Σʱܻмֻǣ跨ԼάȻҲ⡣
书߹ʮ̷϶㻹ƴٺ٣룬ġ׷ָеùôġǶˡ˸ȻϹˣЩ˳ơĿޡ书һǧٺ١һֻҲ
̷ɭɭһЦô˵͸Ųˣ
һָָάǰġ
άһҴ롭֪ġһ˲Ѳ˸ϵ
̷үһսģ
һնάʺ
ս˳ơǡṦмѵ裬ʱ̷Ľƣӻһƽƻأৡһһɳ̷ֱϷȥ
̷үӶʮɸ룬ȴûһѹ¹Ŀ书ǵǷ켫زԭšɸΪ񲯡һ죬ɽάϤһУ뷨ȫˡ
յֵͬܣ˵ˣǽյҪԩң
˽˵ĸԣ˵ãֻʵƴ֮ҲǺð취
ʮˣЩȻٳŴҽᡢ޶Ϊľҵ㿴ÿϵѪȣϱֽһεȵľĿ
һɲǣĳʹޣյֵܵĶ䣬š
ȥˡ
ʮꡭʮ躻ޣƽܻͣԹޣҲֻӦˡ
ǰˡǡάǸ黫аļһϣĸĹ£ΪԼʲôȥĺã
̷ת֮䣬ŭȣǿšž޲ģǶȻΪͶһʯͷӿ˻
ٶǰĴϢˣ
ǡάŵɰΪڻȻǴߵͼ
һ
̷϶¶֡һ٣˫ͬʩչЩ͵ƹ̽֡
һӼ˫֮ϣһŰ̷ֱϻȥ
̷ү磬Ķ˫ƣڿеӣҷεĳ£̬֮ƺ̣һɲǣָѻε
Ѫһ֡άӴһġֱϣΪ̷ָˣצۡ
ǡάֽһбӴȥ
һкأߣ
ǡάӷһݳӭһƣ顱һڽάǰϡ
ڼҸ򼺣־Ԫ˺ռάһ߸ߵصۡ˸ƨɶ׶
һǡơάȻ֪ƣǧܿ˵ܹ͹һϷѪɱˣɾ͵ˣ
άҧڣȴһƺߣšŵԵȥ
ҵһ㵯άӶһӰģֱˮ׹ȥ
̷˫һҡҲƵظȥ
ǡάڿʩһСϸɷơ۹һ˫ɵ̷С
̫ˣһҲѹŷθһǻѪۡ
һѪϸߡ
ͬʱ̷ĽҲ˳ȥһһάҽһΪԼǿڽΪ롣
ʬͨ˱̷һڽάʬһ㣬˫ֿ֮䣬㣬ʯϡ
ǰһɫȻ
ô
ˣ
ͷһȾѪĳ̷үһһģ棬ɳ˶ʮ⣬ꡪ֮ڡ
άʬںˮƯš
̷עãһֻƽˮȥ
һմˮɲ֮䣬˫ס˽άӡ
һƬѪˮϡһ죬̷ү˵档
ȾտṦһ׷ҵĺҲֱۡ
ǰһ̷үӹάӣҰɣ
Ӱϣͬһģ䣬ʧ̫ɽ´
ûһģ̷үǵȰеƤӵ̫ʦϡ
Ҵҽ
ֻһյƣƹ˸˵
̷˷񣬿ȥƺû̷ǰ򶨣
һֱߵǰվ
ˣ
ˡһƽ˵ʱôʧģҲǽάʹ뵽ˣʮǰǽ˵ֵܡڣ֮ľôԶ
̷硪ôһ̷ɫԣæĿڵֻ̣²
̷һֱôƺȴԸֺ񡪡
Ъһ£ȥӽҪӽأˣȲ˶ãܻģ
һ£뵽յĴ̫֡ꡱ˾ͽȻʱңԶĶʮ꣬Ȼɲסشһս
ʱ˳Ƶġ񡱣ʵҲɥľ޿ܡеķΧʵֹϣʡȫڸŸ
Ÿһù򣬸ͷ˳ǡ
̫ꡱ˾ͽ
̷˪ɡ
ֶ족ﲨ
ɽ˺
ʮϣƽ
ǡХɽ
ּ
硱
ǡά
еġ̷˪ɣҲǽ̷ˣּҡһ䣬Ҳ̷ҵ˷
˺ԻϴֺڵͶɱ˷ŻҡһΪؼеѪᾭһ׻Ѿ¹Ǩɶ롰ǡάһ԰ף֪Ϥһš
ġ
̷˪ɺּ͡ڵģڰʼ޷ӣΪɩ̫ꡱ˾ͽӣȴһֱӢ̷˪ɣʱʱ֮ʹ̷˪ɾʤ࣬ǲòٰͼӡ
ǣһºڷߵҹ̷˪Ϻͼ룬ƫƫΪɩϤᷳĵĴɩӲĥ̷˪ɴһߡ
µȻǲܵģ̷˪ɲò¶ļΣܱϹմɩһϴˢ̱Ĵɩŭ֮£Ը淢Ϊвȣʹ̷˪ɲò֣С硱ͻȻأڴɩһ֮ʵĹƶ֮£Ҳ̷˳֣սУʹɩ̷˶֣˫˫ˣ硱ΪġּϹ˫ۣɩȴΪ̷˪ɵġӷ֡
ߣɣֻ֮һ;ˣ
Ķʮ£̷˪ɻ̷ᣬΪ⡰̫ꡱ˾ͽһɾɵֵܵĶ֣ǹɽ½ӵ˼ߵĸ棬¼ҵ
첻ˣ̷˪ھӪʼʱֻǴƤתֹ·ش·Ӫ
๤Ľɾ͡
ǰѶ꼯ʽںĿƤУ˽յĴɣƤҵеľ̳
ʱ̷˪Ȣ޳ɼңһŮ
Ůѩò绨̷˪״һ书ȴԼ
֪յһֵܣûһշŹƱػѰǣͼ
ڵ֯Ļ飬̷֣֮ˡ
ȻǸյĴ̫֡ꡱ˾ͽԼڼֵܵɱ˼ʮŷâ
Ȼ´̵Ƥ⣬Ƕȴһܳ书ȴӲʩչ
ֻһΡ
ǰˣ̷С·ƽ˼Ĵٸ𣬱Ƶ̷ѩɲò֣ζѪ׷ˡ
һ쿪ʼ̷̫ү˳ȥº̷˪ţһεΪԼһδĴѡ
ڣһǣƺȻҶӦˡ
̷˪ϣһƬɫ
ǵһҪ̽ǵĶ򡣡̷˪źԺҲȥһˡ
ͷǣ
̷ϳ̾һʮҲӦˣ
˵̿Ǹá
ӲǸ취Щ꣬ҹû£˾ͽҪǵҲô׵£ԼҲСһ㣡
ɩǱߡ
̷үϱһɫҲΪԼ£
ҿôɣݺǱߣǲǻƬôҿСͬɩ˵ǱȥסЩӣŷƽٰ
̷үӵͷⲻһҪǸϿ춯֥ǺȻöЩ꣬ȴҲгҵҲˡ
˵ţλƿһȴעŴ⣬£ǸŲ¡

̷˪ɵһ£㻹ǵ𣿡
ͷôˣ
Ļˣ
Ҫ˶ġӷֻ֡ǻˣ
̷үֳһЩۣȻ̾Ϣŵַǡ
ܡȡȡ˭֪ϴ֣˴
һεζɫĺϣһ˸еˣڻǼʹʱȻ鲻Խؼˣ
̾Ϣһ̱ءȥºαȥǼֲҪǻǿɵӶԸǲУ
컯̷үﲻͣ߶߶ţϴɡҵøȥʮˣʮꡭˣҲһֱڹѽ
̡̡ô
ɡɣ˭Ҳˡ̷үӰᵹ̫ʦϣС˯ŵӡ
Ļ˵ˣҲֻʱ̸̾Ϣһתȥ
ڶ峿һӡ
̷ұǺƽһȥģûһЩ״硱ʱã̷ҵ˷ѸʦԪȭ̩ǹƽ
ǡ̷ˣȥھǸɱڵʦ̷ǸԺĹ
ѾȵõָʾҪ̷˺СһԶš
һ£ȴҲûʲôֵֵĵط
ʱ̷̫үҲϡ
ǡ˴һվ
ȿʵ׺ûУ
̩׺ˣ
˵̷˺СҪݺȥסЩӣţλע⡪
̷̫үһ˫źӣλˣΪ⾪ˣ˿ͷϲ
ǹƽǣ
ͲóɣƤֽװŵӣݹȥ̩˫ֽס
Ķõôࣿ
̷үӵ°ɣҲסЩӣ
̩ӣһԵүѡλʦȥضλϵı£ݺһûʲôչˣλȥԺ󣬺úðһ£ⶼרչˣ
ǡӦһ
̷̫үͷȥɣסǧ򲻿ȥ
ǣʦˡ
˸ո˳һŴɫСѾ̷ܳ˸̫̫Сˣ
æվͼҴλʰ޵쳣µ̷ҴС̷֥ͬһλڲ
Ǹ˸߸ߵģװ׵ƤüɨӣǣһϮ磬ϵƽţȥʵҪԵö֮࣬ʮҵˣʵʵʮˡ
̷˪ѮɼңλʮӣȻǸĳ谮
գСֽڣͷп͡ɣ׼ѧԨԴҲһգֻԼŮ֥ɾͲԶˡ
ȭɩˡ
̷˺Ц׵ֵҲڡɣ
̷֥ź壡ͿףصҾ֪ͣҵңҺ֧ߡߣ
λֶŮһЦڼסˣܻطɢɢĲͦ𣿡
̷֥꣬ʲôԺߣĸ׳ŵȰȰ
ЦЦ⺢ô˵ڳ׺ˣ߰ɣ㲻ϲôɣ
˵Щʱ͵͵ɷһ̷ۣ˪ɵ̬ϿɾͿһʲôˣΪޣ˳
̷˪ʱŮҲϴСˣһңôҰôãݺúǡʦĻƽɢɢνɲԶȥ֪𣿡 







 

  
¡ʿ 

̷֥ټô˵һʱͦ˵صͷ
æһԴԲĽأ
̷֥ڷأ
Цţšţߵ﹦򶼲£С֮ĲУ֮Ĳޡѽ
ЦҲҪģǻ
̷˪ҡҡͷǴŵĺã
ǸŴɫСѾһܻȥƬһȫˡ
֥ӹЩЦݣ
ӣţ̷ү͵صһγҪİ˵úʮ£齻˾ȥȥ
΢΢һᣬʲôô
ǵûУֻǸطƤŵ˶ˣƤӵúܣ£
˿ЦЦԭΪѽðɣҲƵûţȥɢɢҲã֥߰ɣ
ǸѾ߽СȴǸ˵˲ãֻλСϵʲôƵģֻǸΥҲֻôͬĸ׳˴š
Ժͣһ˫ԯͱڳǡʦѿǰϣųţﶼװغˣ̷С˳
ʽСĴֱš
̷үվǰĿų뿪ϴһȻȻʧӡ
ֹѹʯϣһ
굹ͣˣֻǴĺأƮϣҲ
Ӽʱ򣬹֥ؽҿ˳ţˡӭ
ʯͷ¥¥ǰƱˮϴˢ쳣ɾӭչԶʮ⣬ؿ
̷С˫ӣԽӣǿƣһֱ¥ʳʶһˡĮĮĿ￴ȻûпҪǸˣеЩʧ
ںڵĳëʧشһԵضԼӨ͸޵ļʮָ
С㣬ô̲סʣֵصǰ㲻ǳҪȥںүӽȥˣֲΪɶѽ
֥һƤҪܣ
ƽ֣ʱ򻹶죬̷ֻ̫̫ڳϣɲҴ˸ӲҴ꣬һͷ
һ֥ƿ˳Ĵһ¡
ӭѵ˳ͷȻǿǸ뿴ˡ
ڿ˭Ϻ΢Цӭʶô
̷֥ҡҡͷû˵
ϿŲúܣѴ֧Ҳ͸͸ʶ
ӦţͰԵĴȫ֧
ˡ˿ͷã
һÿõİɵĳţı羵ӣһҰѼˮĳˮһӳҰѼҰɫĶǸն𣬺ˮȷʵ
Χűһһ̣ʼ뵽ԳľɰΪɺׯڡ
ϵƱ紵ˣ̫ƽǱ¶һɲǼ䣬˼
ϿŮʵ̾һһֱ˽ΪˣǶҪǿʤˣҲǸ¹СϸˡҸôЩ֪꣬Ƣڣжʲô鷳ˣҪȻ֧ߣ
̷֥΢΢һһǻû뵽
˵Ƥӣǻ𣿡
ֻô˵ѡϿЦһµҿóʲôΪѵˣֻҲﲻʲôæۣԲŽߣ
̷֥ٿһ˵Σô
ǻڣϺܿ϶صʮؼعӣҲǣ˵һֻµеù˻࣡
һ㣬̷֥ĸ׳ͬһӡ׵书ȷǸ߲ɲ⣬˭ָۻ룿
һ
̲סɴ̽ͷ濴һۣתͷЦһƥһ·ˡ
˵Ҫ̽ͷȴ֥һץסеغòã
ô˵ţ۾ɾͲŴȥһÿ
һƥټںڳëݹᾣϲʲô⣬ǽų̿ɿúܡ
ǽ޵ĵѺͷɳŵ˸š
ˣᱡһϮɫ£ͬɫķññµӣϴϵ½ǣƮţ˵һ֡Ρζ
˳üɵһ˫ӣֻЩڵȴһ˸еĸоĪػ޵Ĺػ
̷֥ɫʱһϲ÷ա
ľϲץסĸ׵һ˫ֱ¶š϶ʱŮץָ˳ŮĿ⣬Ҳֵ˳Ǹϵˡ
ɣԡ̷֥סѿڵͻһ
һȻܵͣȴϵǸľȿϿ
΢ЦǷһӣƥ̤Ŵ࣬һԽǰɶݣ
̽ͷ˰죬תӣ˵ÿѽС㣬ˣǡ
̷֥ûȫָˣȻϸˡ
һ£С㣡
̷֥һʲô
һۣͷۡЦһҲ΢΢Цһ¡
ʲô£̷֥ɫ΢΢졣
С㣬Ǹ˭ѽ
˭ӿسϣ뵽Լʧֲ̬˼ġ
ϿŮ΢΢ͷǸͰɣ
̷֥˵˭ѽ
ղǸģЦЦȻ˵ˣʶ
̷֥˼ص˵ͷˡ
ôأ
ѽûʲô˼ϵӭȥԷ
һ˳ˣ
˼̷֥һӣ쿴ĸ׵ɫ͸ǰˡ
ϻڿ֪ŮĪĸֻ۾Ǽ룬ش̵ŮСŮһףҲǹˣ̫˽ˡ
ֻ۾ҲڹȷǼ¶С֪úȥٸ˵һ仰ǿһۣҲֲм̫ƽˡ
̷֥װûƵرһ۾ȴֻصע
ѽǡ
һ˫֣ǳǳЦ˽ʲôţ
̷֥üëɬЦɣ
ɣɣɣ
ǰɡ̧֥ͷģԽװû¶Խ¶š
ͷߡЦһ£Цһͱ֥һץסӣŵáࡡ
ѾͷӣЦʲôҲ˺졪˵ţҪȥšŵҾģһèƵؼš
΢˵֣֣û
㵽Ц̷֥صȴת
㿴
㲻𣡹֥Ҹ˵ģɣǸʲôģ
Ƥġ̷֥ٺˡҲſ
ϵͷͦ˹ĵģĶأ
֥ҡҡͷ֪ǸѽҲŸ˼Ҽһ棬֪ôѽ
ߣòã˵ղŲּһ棿
㡪̷֥üëװ˵͸ҹȥ
úáҲ˵ˣڸ첲һεزٿˡ
ʲôƵģصͷ˵ţúģ˵ûУ
̷֥˵ͷص˵˼䡣
䲻᣿
Żᡭ̷֥뵽͸ѩɱȹһĻֳ︡һƬԻ󡪡ոǵģ˵Ĺ̫ˡô룬ϵ粻һ۾΢΢ţģɣôôӡأ
һ㣬ԼҲ벻͸
̽ͷȥƣĸ׺СѾǰ಻˼ֻаＤסֻ첲ڳϣһγҲ۾ˡ
ЩһѾǰÿڣҲʱ̫һ㡣
˭Ҳû˵еٶԽԽ죬ɳԼһʱǰһСӡ
ǰϵġǹƽ֣ڴסȻͷǰЦĸЪЪɣ
Ԫơ̩ҲԵ㶫ɣ⻹еͷ
Ŵ򿪣Ѿһ̷֥³ʽϺΡ
һߡ̷֥ͼǰǸСС¶꣬ӣ«ϯΧţܵĻðʲôĺˣ
һиһ˵ƽ濾Źɢľӡʡ
ʱ˷ϳʲô
ƽ̩к֥Լһ˷衣
̷֥İ˲ǣҲûпһۣСѾȴע⵽ˡϴޱȵľϲ˷ܡ
ŵصС㡭㿴˭ˣ
˵һָͷԱߵͷָһ£һ²ӡ
̷֥鲻Խָȥ̿ɣһ֮£εСɾɲס糺ϵȻҲע⵽ˡ
ɣͷģɲǸղλ
ġǹƽƺҲע⵽ˣŲ˸̷֥ϡ

ĸע⵽ˣһ˰ˣ
Цʦ̫ˣɣ֥˵ǸƤˡ
ƽһôҿôģ
̷֥Ҹҵǻˣ
ƽһ˵ô֪
ҡ΢΢֪ˡһ
һָͷһͷָһ¡ҵ۾ָһת˹ȥʱȫһ
˺һԡҲƵһų˫ʣϺëأȥëģüϸĿʮüˡ
էȻһһ
һϴһĻƤӣǡ̫̫ıѡӡ
ëʣûˡͺͺģֻʣ¿Ƥϣһ˫һ˫ȣȥ񶼽ϱҪࡣ
˫֣ȥּ⣬ÿһָڿָĵطͬצһ˽ȥ
ЩȻڳˣֵĵطӦǽسˣٽϳҪһں󾱵طѢװ׵һƤ
ôһݣһۿȥ׼һĪֺÿ˶סˣ
ڴһ⣬ÿԼڣһơָͷʱɴ棬ƵسţǸӣֱֻǡ
ƽѹģ˵һ
̷֥֪ҲǸղע⵽
΢΢Цʲô˶УֺαشСֻ֣Ҫǲַǣαض£
ƽͷĸ˵ļǡ˵ѹ˵ղڸ˵;Ҫرעμɵˣ֪Ϊʲô
̷֥һü廹˵Щʲô
ƽҡͷû˵ʲôˡֻ˵˻᲻ĸǹ
ŶϴһΪʲô
ҲˣƽʧԣЦЦҲôµģĸŷϣ
̷֥һЦҲţ˭Ӱɣ
С㣡ҹȥˡ˵ƽλصԭλ
̷֥۾תתɣ˹ȥ˵ĿҲ

̷С㲻ȻصͷЦһ£ɣȴûпһ˿¶飬ȴĿһߡ
̷֥һ£ֲþƵģ
ǵǸһ߿⣬аƣֻͣСƤϲֲĨĨһ˫Ƴγεڷתתֱֱص̷Сǵӡ
ϵĲڿĿһ֮£˺ƴЦҹˣŵòæĿתһԡ
Ц˼ȻֹһԼͷְѿ۶Ϲ˺һСȨǩš˫ⷿÿתţǱϵر⣬ǰϵһ̧ͷʱʱصżȻƫͷһӡ
һӣ롣Ǹȴ˷ѽúܣ
ɣʱվ¶СƸæӭ˹
ɣԸһǮȴǸƵȥݺжԶ
һ仰ƺʹȫеĿ˶һȻƲеԾ
ͷ룬СƵүߣҪĻǰſԵˣ
ɣһЦ˵·ϲ̫ƽкʲôô
Сһû˵
ͷڿĵϰͣ¶Цصүһٸİɣ·̫ƽúܣ˵ˣСëûһ
ǿɲһɣЦЦ˵ԶŶˣǵһĺã̫⣬˼׺˻֪ǿɾˣ
̷֥ʱһĸϽһĿ⡪
졢ǶλǾϱɫ
ɣݸЦЦתȥĵȴǱͷϵ˷ǺĳЦ
Цһֱͣ㶵ؿɣԣСӣ⻰˵һߣħһɣ»˻ǡʱʱСĵǺõģֻʱȴʤϵ̨˵⻰û
ɣԱһûд켴תڿ͵ǣƥⰰһֱȥˡ
̷֥üһ£ϵҲ߰ɣ
ʱ졢ǶλҲ˹Ԫơ̩һصĸûУǸ˿Ҳȥݺ͹֣
ϵͷˣλĪΪǸʲôô
̩˵ĸǻ·ûǰϵͺã
ϵͷ̩ͻƸˡ
ת¶һ̷̣֥عͷرǸһۣںĵھơ
ʽҲԱˣǡԿǰϵ˵ǳ֮ɣеķһϷȥ
·ԽԽˡ
һֽɳĮطϵ޼ȥޱ߼ʡһչ޵Ĵڵϣչʼյߡ
ڿʱ֮׳ƥڣɾԵЩԲסˣһŰȫΪˮʪ͸ԶԶؿɾͿǿ̵ء
طˣʲô˼ңԶżĴͺ񣬷̶֨֨Զǿݵأһ㴺Ϣ
ǰͷϵʦǹƽ͡Ԫơ̩ԴӸղСƵɣĺǸëĺ֮һֱڷֹ
ǸǱڳģ̾ͷǿôˣƾֻ۾ɾͶ϶ղ˾Ѱ·ˡ
仰˵˾ƽ޹ʳֵģضΪΪʲôɾû֪ˡ
ڷ
ǰһƬеˮݵءνˮݡأ˼嵱ȻˮݵһƬط
ڸɺطˮݾʹһԴȪƮŵһƬ̣Ȼ뻹Զߵţȴ˵ĺЩõͷؼţ
ǹƽ̾Ϣһˣ㵽ˣ
Ԫơ̩һأڳԲסЪһӣ
ʽ
ƥھ۵ñ󺹣ǱŵݵϢͣ
Ȼǰߡ
̩ʵöòŵ
ʽǰҲöʱҡҡͷһЦֻ»ͣˣ
ɲǣ춼ǳĺɫѻţɣе﷢ë
Ȼǰֳһɫĳ£ʵɣǰƵǸСɣԡ
ɣ֣Ҳʽ֣ɴԼֻ֣ѾֱסֻڵĽӲͣ
졢Ƕ˶ʱһ
ǹƽһվ۵ô£ǡ
һֻ֣ѾеǹӡһԾִƣ̣ĸǹ
˺ЦʮòصԲҵȣʱߣߣиɣ
Ԫơ̩ٺһЦԲ𣬸ղѾˣŮͣˣô㡪
ģ⣬±һȭԲ𣬶Բ𣬰Ī
ųʽһͷߣ
ʽ֣κڵһ˫ȫڶԷϣôʹȴһҲǰ
ô£ϳϺοǸϴ֣϶˶ԷǴұŤģ¿ɾͲˡ
𿪡ôߺţȴƤϳȥ
ĸƤҪһ³ˣ鲻ᣡȴû͡
ɣֻһ֣ȥһ˿Ƥѵϡ
Բ𣡳ˣ˴и㣡ǳǳЦš
ʽһûĸƤô͵˶Էһ֮Ƥ
ȻʣһʹȫǼƤͺϵɽһ㣬ֺ
Ϲӳ⽡ϺοɾͲˡ
бĴʦȻ
ǹƽһ̧ȣŶһһЦ˫ȭһѣǴҲģ㱨ɣ
ǸɣԵ¿ͣ˺һصˣɣĳֻǴ㳵£ɹ󶫼ټ绹ҪϻرӼȴָҪµݺһУβи㣬ֻǰʱѣ뽫ΪתĸҲвͻ𣡡
ǹƽһԷնҵϿ̬ͣȲһ¡
ǱϾЩѾԼʹҲ̫ش󣬵˿
һٴαȭɣѼǱֶҵϹͣǷǱĸһУŮбðʧɣɣ
Ԫơ̩ҲԾעɣˡ
ʱɫţ϶˶ԷûźģһڣҲرĲǸζ
ɣģʱ䲻࣬˵ţ־ɣȥǸ֡
ɣһЦѣҲ̫ͨˣ
ϵƤһתƫУó̩ϡ
ȡһ˸š
̩ÿ죬յø죬һӴû治ᣬ̵ʱŭһһáСǡɣǰϼ
ɣһЦֺα棿
һֻǰӦƵһһӣ̩ǰ㾢ȻǻΪ飬˿Ҳʲô
ȥһ㣬һ¶ѡ
εȻǡϹӳ⽡
Ԫơ̩ĵľο֪ġԪơȻ˵ʮֻ򣬿߳ɵĹһƣһʯ磬Ҳһƴ͸ںͶԷ֮䣬ɫؾͻΪΣֱе
̩һʯ˰˵
һߵġǹƽȴˣЦһ˫һ֣ѰһԴѼִƵķǹȡС
ɣġʲô
˫ǹڿһ֣ҪɣԱȥ
ſģλ̷ҵĴС̷֥
ǹƽĸǹôһ⣬ٿͣ˰գƫͷһСŰ׾ˮϣһ˪һ˵ӣ
ƽһ˵ˡ
ʦʶ˼ҵӵͿ
˵תǰɣԣһ˫۾ɣҪݺȥô
ɣǷǣ
̷֥ͷǺãղŵĻǶˣ㳵ǣ
ǡɣƲ˼صĻ
ʲô㲻ģˣûеڶܲȥѽ
ֱˬǰһ̵Ľߣֱˡ
ǹƽ롰Ԫơ̩벻С㾹ȻôˬʵһڴӦͷ¶ôں̬˶סˡ
ʱ򣬳ϴ֨һƿˣɴ̽Ѿͷ
С㣬̫̫λɣ๫
˵꣬æְͷ˻
֥Цһ£ӴɣԵҲڳϣôţ㵽ϲϳɿˣûൢ
ɣԵͷô˵ʧˣ
̷֥˳ţƵ룡
ɣԾϳ
̷֥Ц졢Ƕ˴кλʦɣɿˣ
˵ϳš顱һֹˡ
졢ǶλһЦʼ򣬸Ծϳ
ʽ¶ǰС
ɣԼѱϣڸ̷̫̫ϴ
϶λɣһӡ󼫺ãԵúܸˣԴӼ̷˪֮Щԣ˽ٲȻҷ緶
ɣڱӼͣʱ䣿
û꣬£
ɣǴƤģ
ɣЦǷ˵ֻǽһ飬ǰڽ϶ӡ
ϣϷƬϼʣǿǺõطɣס
仧ںϼšҲȥϣ
ڽϳģôûȥ֥˵
һЦɵҲסأ˵ϼţСʱȥ棬ڻڲ
ɣԵڣˣļã
һĨǳЦƮϵ̣մʱһ˲ȴҲͬһЦˡ
ɣıҲڽϣϵһ˫ĿעɣԵϡ
ɣԺȻֳĸŮΪƵһ棬ͬһ˫ˮĴ۾촽ŵݡʱܹת˺ʮ꣬ס껪ĸŮֱһá
ײǺɫ֮ˣȻúɫ֮飬ҲĿ䯹һ˲
ϵĻʵеڨڨˣûгɼң
ϵһϲãе㾪ȵɡ
ģɣͣǱûɳٻģ
ֻݵĸ˵λ̷ĸŮһߣɣѾһߡ
ΪòǸѾͷ춼ͷҲҿɣһۡ
ɣ֡ݺȥ
ȥɣһЦȥѰһ겻ѡ
סݺ
ܾǰǵģڿɾͲ֪ڲˡ
˵֮䣬ɾ˳㷭ɼ̷̤֥̲סָѴƿһǣǱһ
ɫһƥ˸ģƤӣëĺӡ
̷֥һ
ϴչȥһۣҲһ£һüӷ£
ǸëϺǴҲġ
ֻſ֣Хű׳ƥŵ㣬Хţ졢ԼǸϳĳʽȥ
㳵ʽϺǸֻ֣ɵ֣ؿס֣һߺȣŰƥܾ˵
ǸǷ˵߷ֻǰ˸Ȧַɿض˻ǹģ趯ִֻؽš
ʽϺٴܾһ˦гޣȡһֱŶԷͷϳȥ
ǸˣЦһ촦һһϺιֽһϵĳһӾˤ˳ȥƥٴܾǰ㣬󵹷˹
֥㶼һ
ָֻ֥һ˫αһʹ˴ǧ׹ĹҪĳ˲ϢظһǰԯĶεŭ˻ȴʼչʯ
ǰϡǹƽ롰Ԫơ̩긦⧼ŭ𡪡
ƽǰɣܵһǻŭһԵطйڶԷǸϡ
ҲѿϹˣǴǰھƵǸˣԭͶʮֵĽģ˷ˣټΪԽӵؿԶ϶⡣
µˣʲô˵ģ
СӣǳԱ˳ŵġƽȳţȻһ˫ǹһһ£һʺһС͵ֱϵϮ˹ȥ㣬񲻿ɵ
ۿ˴ǹһѾҵǸ˵ϣԷ˹Цһһָֻ⧿鰴һơ
ƽÿ˵ø졣
Ǹģ˵֮£ƽԷҲûһ£ѵ˻
ȻԭؾͿһۣ顱һǰϣֱֻͬƽ۷ֱð
һɲǣԪơ̩ҲŭһɲжһǹУǹǹǶҹеһ㺮ǣһƣֱųëǰϵ˹
˱ߡһһֻٿطժһƬҶӰģֻһһѰѡԪơ̩ǹ 







 

  
¡¥ 

Цųȥ
ǹһ̩˺Ʒɸ£ֱŵˤ
ģôˤȻǺͷҲõˣ
ؿ̩Ӻֱ׹ڴΣһ˲䣬ڡᡱݳһӰ
ÿ˶һһ
ôõεƮƮһ䣬˫һ٣ƫУýסˡԪơ̩µӡ
ɳˣ̷ҵĴС̷֥
ټһˣ̷ҴСϣ˶
ذ˵ϣ̷֥ˮָһԱߣ̩ʦ뵽ǱȥԸ
Ԫơ̩λС书ֱͶأ˵ķ˱ȻϲÿŸߵһߡ
ã⻹ˡǹƽ͸ϳϺΣһﶼһĻͷվһ飬˭Ҳ˭й⡣
̷̶֥תǸˣѹǻޱȵŭһָ˵Ǹʲôģ
ǶԻƹڵӣһ̷֥תš
¶ϰµļݣ˸һ֡Сء˵һ̸ǰɣ
̷֥ʵسһСءֹ򣬽Ͽ˵һ򺱼ԷȻһ۾Ϳ˳ȻǷ
˵仰һȷЦϵһ
˵Ҿ֪ٺ١ٺ١´ʮˡʮšӦжʮ˰ɣ
˵ţ̧һֻ֣ͬצָףͷƤһɦץ
жʮˡˣˣ
˭
ҡҡٺ١һְֻͷϣһưƮƮ
ǡµӣűӼֱǸǵ汳ֱʱȫϷһƬǽȴظһͷġ
˭ٺ١Ц̫ˣؿȳһ̵³
ͷд󣬹һ壬һҲС㣬ǡǡ
ٺ١°һƶţÿôȷЦʱ̷֥ϲؾͻһ㼦Ƥ
ÿЦʱ˫ƵҲᷢһ˵ķâ̺һߵԹ
Ц̫ˣ
̷֥һš֣ᡱһһڰ׹ڵ߳
ǰһ֣˼㱨ɣ
ҡߺߡ˼һԿ̻ŭݡ
㲻ʶҵġЦţһԼԼȥӡ
ǲë⬰
ŽðɣҪһĹͷŽɣ
˵˫ƽһ£ˡһǽ˫ӵͫӣȴʼղ뿪֥ϡ
̷֥Ѵ˽ģ֪ԷͷӦ֮ˣȻҴ⣬ڶԷƣĿڶ̬ʹҲŭ
£нһָЦһˣ
һšಡһƬˮһƬֱ˺նȥ
ë˹еУ
ţǿͷ­һХŽػ˹ȥ
̷֥һϲٿһнʩС
彣ǡһƹȻͬ죬ڳĺɫһ磬εĽȦ˵̣ȫڷĽȦڣԷȴյ˼㣡
νġ֡Ҳڴˡ
ȻԵֶ
áŴһֽУǿϳ˸߹һͷĳڿն̷֥ĽٴεغХȻǿһա
̷֥һ죬˿У֤Է״ˣһ
ȻڶԷϡ
ѧϰʱ̷˪رָŮְ֥ȡʤзһ֡ĻֽǹĪ⣡
һֽ̫ڶ̷˪ɸŮ򲻵ѣʹã̷֥Դѧһֽ֮󣬻лԹһΡ
һοǻոմɡ
˾ϺƵڿٿһֻʮָŹ֥ץ
ʮָ֮䣬˼ʮɷ
̷֥һԷָӴʱȫһ𣬷ǱбԷָ繥ƵĿܣһš˦ͷӡ
ëһܣ
ٽӰε˹ȥ
һɲǣ̷֥ǰһԼµܶнˮ丸̷˪ڵһСĻֽҾĴʼľУȻͬһ֮У
ߡ缲磡
֮۾һ˲֮䣬Ѿһ㡣
ë˵ȻߣڵǺĸ֣ԸǲģȻʹڴһϡ
̷ֱ֥һ֮䣬ǡ񡱣һ̫ˣ̫ˣ
ۡһ˵ѡ
Ҳǽ̫ڷԵʣһһ⣬絶ˮ伫ˣ齣񾪷ɰ㣬õΣȴˡ
ﱧһĿ񣬹ǱȴüĿ˴ѪӿȪɲǼ䣬ϮƤȫȾˡ
ë˵ľ죬ɾתΪŭ˲ϢȫһֿǴ죬ȷԹЦ
ֻЦڶǰһζѾͷýָݣ
˵ţͷӻһףһƾٶһ³ǵϣʱֳһƬɱֻͫ˸źŭѪ⣡
̷֥һ֣ƶˣ֪һΪԼΣɱ
ֻĴһҵĲ֮ɲǼʺѪ
ͻȻ䣬ڿնǰһ˲ҲǳƵͬʱһ̴ֻһڿơ
ƿһǳɣ죬и˫Ѫӡڡ
ڱϷֻ֣ɫ翵Ӱڳ֮ʱСһ޶ֻǵָ缴γĥ̴СӰ̷֥һ
̷֥Ȼ˵һ֡ѪӰĹһǼɶֻ״ѪӰ磬磡
֥ܵһ̣ҲǵһֻӰϮһ˲ǵһƬ̣һƣϮŹ֥ٻӰһμ
̷֥Ȼϴ˸սɲס˸ģŵڶƬӰͬʱϮ
ƷɣӿաӰ̫죬̫ˣ
ӰһǸȣɣվڹ֥ǰ
ʱļ٣òչŵյƬӰ
ֻ˫ᣬһѽס˼ɶƬѪɫӰֵѪɫӡһӴΪ֮ʧ
ȴ˼ķӦԭǷĺɫӡѪ΢ϵ˿ȻɣȥǾѪֻɫ䣬ȫͻȻһ£Ǳ˶ĻһȭŴһѪ
һ֮ѵɣǰһ˫ֻɣץȥ
ɣѷдһ֣Ц֮£˫ֻ
ۡһƽʵѲɣʯȴǶߵķݰƮ⣡һ£¸ǡ
ɣסҡҡ׹̷֥Ҳʧ˹
˲ᣬƽ򲻿£
޽ܹͬϣҴҰѹ֥ȥ
һ˲䣬ֻٴεطһХѭϵıӰɣһ˫΢Σ˫ƶȴƸӰٴߡ
ѲǰǰģƺһƬŭֻ֮һһѱˤ⡣
˳ХУأͿһŵأٴεسХɣ˵
˫ڿٵĶ֮Уģģһơ
ڳ˼ô֣֮γ˴ͨͨͨһʮڵء
;ǿĸԣҲϷ˵ƢȻһԿܴĹԷ˾Ȼи߲ɲ书һʱ䲻Ϊ֮ĺ
ڵϣڵشϢţ˫ǰͫӣɣϣڿ˼ܲţȴôҲ벻𽭺Уôһ
ӲǺнѾõġǡХɽˣɣһЦȥ٣һŮʩɱ֣ɷоǿɳ֮
˺ٺһЦ˫֮£ָվ˫˿۾ŶԷ޲һڰɣȥ
Сӣ㱨ɣ
ɣǸһ˿΢ЦΪмص϶ףȴͷǰ¶ʱģȴ뵽ǳڽ߶֮ˣӦòϵµˣ뵽϶飬ĿˣҲòѵ
Ŀѵ˭
ɣȻһЦ㣬ǰ㵴ʱ϶
ɫһ˺һǡ
һ̧ͷÿԷǶԷɵӣһӿ֣ɲסʹȫһս
ɲǼ䣬ˡ
Ǵ˵磬ǴӰضһ£һ˺Ĳ
ǡ
ˣɣر˸ƣȻ֪Ͳ˵
ͷǡų̾һͷ
ɣһѾ֪ȥ˾ͽϹ˵Ӽôһڣ֣Ҳ˵
ǿص˵ͷֳŭݣЦŵֻ²ܵ˵ġ
ɣ⻰Ҳһֱԩͷծȹȥ̷ĳˣʲôӣҹȻȫ֪ɵǲǡΪ̷ĳ˵Ͽͣе飡
˵ͷЦôɣǲ˵ãһס
ǡХɽһǧһģǰӵȴúܣֹǡϾеͷ硰ꡱ˾ͽڣҲˣ
ֱ˵ĳһӦˣҲΪ
ɣصƽ˲£ȴҲƽ޹ʶ£漰֮ҸһԸܡ
ǡХɽϴһ˿ŭģȴòǫӦǣ
ɣ̷ҿԲܣȴŮ֣Ļݹ飡
ǡХɽعЦһɣΪ̷źɣ
ɣɫһ˵ÿһ
Ҫǲأ
ɣĳ˸ֵܵһñӰɣ
Хɽһ⻰ô˵
ֵܼǴ£Ҳ붥һ㣡
Хɽʱһ㶣ڵźѪգߡһһȭ
ĳˣ
˵ˣһۣһ˿ƲʰѾƥ֮ϡ
ƥų˻һ˫֮£ſ㣬ѭ·ɶȥ
ɣعӣǹƽԪơ̩ԼϳİʽϺΣɰض
ƽǰһ򹪵µ۲ʶ̩ɽ֪һ벻
ɣЦλؿףϳɣ·һȥſɱƽˣ
˵գᡣ
ڡ
Ůˣ㶼þȡصĿע
֥ĸ׻˫ˮͫﺬ˸СԲѡվء
ɫһκ죬ȫȥ粻ϺͲҪȥˣټֲ̬ȥԵĶˣ
ɣԺǰۡ
ллɣϴǰľţԮֻ֣ĸŮɥǸɣ̷ҵĴˣ
ɣ΢΢̾Ϣһ˲عǫԭ֮Уֻϧһʱ벻ԷȻѪӰַ¶֣ʹ˲ᡣ
һ٣ת֥¸оΣ
صЦһ£ؿɣԵɣԭһù򡭡һҶסˣ
ɣһЦǰƲᣬ治ΪڹտԵʣǲ˶˵Ϊǣ
˵һֻ̽˹֥֮ϡ
֥һ죬ֻȴֹסԭκȥӵĺˡ
ɣ԰꣬ſ벻ﾹȻϰ޷ˣ
֥һô
Ҳνд˹ɱ಻ֻѪӰҲǱȵУ˹ﻤǱҹﰲЪʱֻһ죬֫Ҳˣ
֥һϲ˵£
ɣһ¡ֻĿǰﻹǲ˶˵ĺã
֥һЦðɡҾʱưɣ˵ˣ
˵ϣһǣֻ˫ڰ׷עŶԷ
ɫʮֳصؿɣԵղ˶ԻҶˣ˭ӾʲôޣΪʲôҪĸŮֶ֣
ɣЦսϵطо޿ܣ书տųƽϾ񣬸ղǾġǡХɽ
ϵͷҺ˵ֻʲô֪
Ͳ̫ˣɣ̾Ϣһӵнһµ飬⣬̷꽻ѲµĻˣΣҲͲ๣
̾Ϣһһ֮ˣʮӼΪƵطô˽³ޣʵ˲⣡
ɣ΢΢һЦʼƵĩ³Īἰ֮ô
˼ǡ
룬γޣϵᣬʮܾ룬ֱӲ£Ҳйأ
ŶϻȻشһ£ͷ˵˵Ĳôһ˵мƣô˵ȻЩǲ˵ģ
ϺȻ׹ΪʲôɷҴææҪԼŮԭؼڴˣɼɷѾ˵
ôһ룬ĽסһƬ壬Ҳʹ˽֮ɫ
һ£ګګô˵Щ˱ѵ롭
ɣҡͷˡֻȴǷĲ£
һԵ̷֥̲סڵǻǻȥɣ
ҡҡͷ
֥ܻ԰æѽ
ЦĹѾʶˣ粻ɣԮֻ·ⲻ⣬㻹ܰ˭æ
֥ߵɫͨ죬ǵɣԵ棬òÿʱŤһߡ
ɣһЦŮ̳ʵǲ׵ˣҪǰݺȻҪ︺𱣻ðΣݺˣ
̷֥ҲҴñˣòԺлܼŸղǸոĳ˹֣ҷҪúõظȻȻɣ
ɣЦЦӺһЩûУ
֥ͷе衭ûʲôǷ⿴һ۵
һĳˣ
סȴȻֹͣ˻ᣬǹƽ˳ţ
ˣЪЪɣ
ÿ˲עѺˣƽյƣֱʲôҲ
ʱɲ̷֥½³żƣԴһյֽԶܹ滹ĸˡ
Ҽ棬Ǻļˣѱʦʱǰ׷׼һ濪դšкŴҽ˳ӣһԸȥΪĸӷ硣
ʱɣԲźЦϱȭأҸˣ
һߣ
ǹƽȻԭɣר̱ǵġɫĲζ
ϵͷȻˣҲͲٶˣֻҲӦó˷߲٣
ɣԵǵأϱֳɵĳʳ
˵Ѿ𣿡
סŵԶԶһ˻ҹɫﵫŵNNһƥ͹ˮĺɫԣѵǰ
Ԫơ̩ĵһ¡ɲɣƥôԭƥһֱڰβδԶ롣
ɣǷÿʩһ񣬰ⰰȴԵ̷֥ͷ΢Ц
ﱣء
˻ŵǰ
̷֥Ȼǰһ׷һֱۣܳʮ⣬ɣԲŴס֡
ʲôԸɣע
֥һֻֿ֣ڣʮüȴؿ˫ӡ
ɣֵĴǡ
ɣԡ
ɣֵĻɣ֣
⡭ɣޱȾص϶ɣ»
̷֥ȻЦһ£Ҳ֪ôΪС
΢΢ƫͷ˫ĳЩ⣬Ĳɡ
ɣֲӭһ֮ԵɣΪʲôҪң
⡪ɣȻص⻰ʹˣаεƽ֮żʣ֮ٺ֮
ⷬȻʹλСɣ
ͷ˼£΢΢ЦƽԮֻ;Уɣȴȵ֪ҡе벻ͨ
̫ˣ
̷֥΢΢һЦԴӵһӭ㣬ҾͲ³һֵˡ
书߲ɲ⣬÷ŶԸǸϹ˵㾡ڳ֮أǲûС
ɣԵΪޣ
̷֥һЦ˵ȴ
ȡ
ǵոԴ˽ݣ
˵ǿ֮£
̷֥̾һҵȥ˵һѩ˵ŮӣԸǷǻ˽ˣ
ɣԱءߡһصȻһ֮ˣ
Ȼɣеĵ
ɣЦһ¹ӳ߿ɣȷѵһӣ
岻ʣ˶ԣһ㰲ЪãĪ˯ǰй
̷֥ЦҵѺˡ
ɣһ˵ôģ
֥عĸһУԶԶػעţ켴ִ
Ƚȥɣ
ЦЦֻعɣ֣ղΪҰʱѰڞŴͨҵѨȴǿ㵱治֪ô
ɣһЦȻϸ緢֮ܲ죡
̷֥ü΢΢һ£ֵԡһйзҰһѨʹ΢вʡΪʲô
ɣȫ֮ԣҲ̫ˣ
̷֥ЦһҲɣûѧᡮ֮첻жˡ⵽Ϊʲôأ
ƺҲΪ֮󲻽⣬ؽֵΪҽ⿪ѨȴְзһҪѨĿʹҲжΪʲô
ɣصҪ԰꣡
һĪǳ
Ҳһ
ǡ̷֥΢΢Ц㾿ҾĶˣ
ӷмؿ
ˬʵЦЦǻټɣǾʹ˶գ
ǻģ
˵仰ᶶһºԿ˻ɶȥ
ǾһƳ١
̷֥˶񣬶ٱһ˲̵ӡƺ˶ԷӢϣȥ˲Ϣ֮ǣһʹ޷⡢ܲЦݡֻһ㣬Ѿǹҹ˼ˣ
̷ϴүԵþܶӵӡ
˷춼룬վ棬ӭı󣬿ʮ֮˾ţ㶼ǾӪƤĿ̣мѣȴƤйء
ӭ˵ȫˣеסͣÿһӵһ̷ҵ˴һ̷Ĺ
ɽҰΪ˵ܹΪСƤ֮Ƶ̷̫үͣʵһ٣ԣҵ¶Եüߣÿ˶ƽƯһѣϲϲ̷Ҹ硣
̷ҵĴ첼õûȻһ£ÿһ̫ʦϣӸһϮ޵Ƥ棬ƤƤƤ˿ƤӪӪܲ°ʮţĿ䣬ֱڲιһƤչȻԴӴߣԵñһУо
ĸСѾÿ;µĵӣÿһλǰĸ಼ӵڴĸŲ࣬͵ǲ
۵ĸǡӭϰ䡱Ĺˡ
һϮëĺ˶ֳɫСϸΣ˴ԼʮüˣȥǶעģ
֮£ǸȴԵ̫ң̫ˣе䲻ϵӡ
󺣴ŻƤӣ¹εֻȴԵ̫һЩϺأֻ۾ʹƵؿˣҲ˼ҾóЩ׺ݵɱ
Ҫɣǵơѩˣ߰ʮˣǧСƤȫͷܴȫɽҡҡͷɾһ㷨ҲûУƶúܣ˰̷Ұ߿ģ˵һͷ
ֻһ⡪
ɣԣ
ʵе͵Уһ˾ĵڴһ۵ĽѾΪһ裬ӹ˵ллȻƷš
½˺ܶࡣ
ǰ˸ˣרӪƤ˵вʶ˸˵ģ
ҵһ˽֮£ɣҲͺܿϤ֪˸˵ݣԭǡƤ
̷̫үֵ£ڸİ˸Ƥƹġ
̷̫үõȷǶռԵģ߼ʡĴƤżһְ죬ʹϽÿƵƤҲ죬˺ܲý֣
̷ᡪƤĳƺţʵһҲֻкôƺЩ˵躹ޣؾ˷â
ֽסӾˣй¶˷ֱΪֹ֪˼ǡƤģѾܲˣİʮˣ֪ĵϸ
̷Ҳˣʢһõ֤
һˣһԡѩΪ׵ӭƤˣ˸ѩɵһ⣬⻹жʮ˵СӺƤˡʮһ̷ʵ֧ߣÿ괺Ƥȫ̷ңΪ׵ͷաŷһ֣˳ơѩп͡ΪѩûޣԵôһš
һƤͲסӭģڡ롱ġ
ʵ̫ˣҺ̷Ҵ̸ţ̷ֱҵˡ
СƤ֮Ƶ̷ĸ˷Ժ󣬲㾲
̷̫үɺͬվڴ֮Уﱧһȭλ̷ͣĳдܣ뺣
ףһͷ͸һʮȷˡ
̷ſһλҲ֪ˣ̷ĳǸƤҵģ˵ֱһ仰ȫλĴ֧֣
һ
ʮ̷үӣȥȻôӣĿ⾼̣Щ֪ĵϸĻǺѹ۲һĽ
Ъ̷̫үȭ˺ü£Сط̷ĳΪطһ⣬ﾴˮϯΪλӷ磡
ƤвʶôֵľӶ֮࣬£ߺһʱһƬ
̷үӻкܶ໰һʱȴ˵ȥֻú΢Цʱ
ʱɺ֣˼֣ѻҵĳѹ
λҪ»иõϢ桪һ£ȥֶһλλֱӵسɽһ⣡
ȫʱÿᵽ¹Լʱ㶼ϸؾȥ
ֶ˼λ˼£һλ⣬µϸ⣬»λϸֽ̣ȳԷ
İѿ뷹֮
Ѱں˾ϯ½
ɣҲȻں۵һͷϡ
˵ÿһ˶İģˡӭϰ󺣡Ĺ÷򸾣Լѩɵ޼˶ʶ⣬ֱһҲʶ
һϯλϣӱʮˣΪͷڵµĹϵҶΪ飬ֻа˸ˣɣԾȻ䣬Ϊ֮һ
ǣʾ˾
ʵϣԴһԺ̷̫үע⵽ˡ
еƷʱ̷̫үҲֹһε۾۲
ĩ̷̫үע⵽ˡ 







 

  
¡׳н 

ƾ̷˫ڶ˵ӣӵһۿʼ͸оһ㡪
ȻͬеƤͣƺһʣκһˣ˵κһ仰еȺڳֻĬĬرһԼĮ͹ۡ
ƾһ㣬ʹ˵̷ϴү־Ŀ࿴һһһģȻЩбۣߵ
һ̷˷⣬˼ӭ󺣷򸾣ѩɣڻպ꣬뷽ļСġѩп͡ŷ硣
⣬ƤеĶšǮλϰ壬Щ˸ݵ⣬̷ܵ˵һΪϯϵĿˡ
̷Ŀźһ΢΢һЦһϣһˣ
̵˼
û´̷̫үĿ⣬ԶԶӹеļӣעͷһϣӵλѸþɣİɣ
Ȼһ̷үһѣˣ˻ôһλˡ
۾˳̷̫үĿ⿴ȥʱֵǱĩͷϵɣԡ
ɣһϮɫĳ£ͨƽǳ޳ϣһ㲻Եúȴһֽܳʣ
һĸңԴһӼ֮ƤҾʼղ뿪ߡ
Ѿߵߡ
λؾɣˣܿرȭµ˹ͣ뺣
ɣһЦվɣԣλؾ̷ĴܼҼ˷ˣ
ʧʧ
ңңǷֵֶ룬ϯһ̸
ɣ룬Բλ࣬θͬϯҲһ
һɣؿɣ
ɣԲʮ⣬ȴҲ̫ܣתڵϯϣ
̷̫үȭ֮ˣǰСŮ̸һֱĴɣ
ɣԱȭЦ̫ˣһ鷲򣬺ϴ֮
˵Ҳٿ켴
һԵġӭȴٺٵЦ̷ǻʶӢۣλɣү˲¶࡭ɣ̷үӿһĽᣬϵҲԸ̫ߡ
ﲡδ˵꣬ɣɫһ󺣼ʶȤæذδڵĻ˶ɣĿһתɲ֮䣬ŭΪֻͣ΢΢һЦδ
ԹɫϰðʧӦ÷һɣ
󺣹һЦɣֵܣ֣һҷƣƣ
˵ףǰһѾƸ˸βʣ
ΪʣҲΪСÿ˵ĺˣһʱԵñԻ
̷̫үٱɣɣ룡
ɣһӵθˡ㣬ԭ£
̷ͷһЦͣɣǵһɣ
ɣԵͷ˵ǵһΣ

ϣ
õط
Ҳȥô
ȥȥ̷صͷ̫ˣҲһʱԾĲһҳȻǸطҲᣬܶʹĻ䡣
ɣһӣ̷үӣصƤҵе̳Ȼ֪һλϵƤҵȽپɣ
̷ʱһ켴ͷ֪
һԵΪԼһƣ˵ôɣʶλ
ϵƤϰ֮һǮϰ壬ǺһЦͷ˵Ƕ̷үӣǶѣвʶ֮
ԭɣԵЦ׼ӪƤڹ
˵ӭϰ󺣺Ȼڵ𣿡
ɣԿЦһµˣ
ֱ۵ʮ˰ɣ
̷ٱһЦҺȾƣ
ÿ˫־ٱһڣ
˴ĺպΣǸط֮󣬲ѣÿ϶˲֮ɫ
͵λ룡
ƺֻû̷λСֵɣԡ
ˣƺעŶԷ
ɣԻûǰ˵Ļ⣬ȥ˺ܾãƹĿ֪λôģ
һΣŰ۵ǲİɣô
ϰڵ֪Ҳ֪
˵ʱ̷һ۵̻ǵðɣô
̷̫үһº񲻴ȤֻǺصһͷšǣ
ϰ˵ǵ˼磬õһˣ˵Ҳˣ
һЦλòˣ˵
۾һѩɵϵһջٰɣ
ѩЦии
ȥ˵ʲôɣԲڵλڼ硪
һﶼһ¡һλɣ£յһյ̷ᣬǶڹ˵׷֮£է¼ܻ˿
һȴ̷ӵĲ꣬ܲصɣ֪ôô
ɣϸһ˸УȻܱһݾ˵Уһݵߵͬѣ
ʬ˻֮ʱһԳҹ飬һҹȴæһҹˣ
һЦϵ̨õӣ̸Щɶѽ
ҶЦһ£ֻûЦɣ̷ᣡ
̷̫үһţϸϷ֪ѵɣô飬ϷԸһ꣡˵һ£΢΢һЦɣȥϸ磬Īʲô֮ô
ɣԵȻһЦҡҡͷ
ǡ̷̫үЦһ£֣֮Ҫ³ҹ飿
ɣԵǷ˶ƤŵƹģҲǵĶϰԸ
ţôһˣ𻰵ϰ壬֪پϸֵô
ɣԵֵܣ
̷̫үһ˫ӣ˷һۣҲᵽˣ˵Ŀ⽻һ£켴ֱ˿
һƹںλɫҽҽ̣ϸ羭ӪƤţ
ɣԵͷүʬ˻֮󣬾λүԼ˼º˵үڼ磡
һɫ޹ǰּľ£Ǿɣôһˣôɷнµ渵ȴʹÿһϸȤ
Ȥ̷̫үˣעɣԵɣүȷڼĪǻʲôⲻɣ
⡪
һΣȵǺˣֱ۾ô˵үĪǡ
Ǳıģ
۾ܼɵϵ̷̫үһۡ
һһҪһġ
½ˡ÷Ӽȴû˾硣
ɣԼһöӷŵϸϸ׽һһ侲ģ
صүнүǱַжţʹȫáүһ˼ˣͬҵƽദ벻Ȼ³ǿͬ飡
һЦһϤ΢侲̷̫ͬүǺԹߣͿԵؿɣⷬЦε٣ڵı˶ѣ
̷̫үÿһƣ΢΢̾һԭôһĻϢ
˭µĶأ
ɣҡһͷ֪үº˵ɱүˣһ漼߶ʮտڹĸΪ
һôã
ɣһЦүͷԾ飬ûоտ͸ַд˾˹⵱ȻԲˣ
ĬȻ
һֱδ˵ġ䡱ĹãƳŵΪʲôأɱܵиѽ
ͼƺɣֱ˵˵ºүүļҵһֵƤʧˣֵʧһƤӦߵ
˵ȻҵؿǺȾǺˣȵúܾá
Ů˼ҾѰʵ׵ԣ
ĹںĿ֮ͣ׷ȥЩʲôã
ô󺣴ЩƤӦͿƽһף͵ңҲͿ̷̫үһصƤ
ô˵ģšһѣ󺣸æסڡ
ٺһЦҲôȷˣֲ˵̷µ֡
ĹõǸ˭Ȳˣ̷̫үѽ
̷̫ү֮£ҲסЦ
ǷôڣҲסЦ
̷̫үЦһٵƹȷԣǸɱүҲⷬģɣϵܣĹ¸˵˰ɣ
ɣҡͷûУ
ЦһүԴ֮ⷬ󣬲죬ȻҲԼԢ

ȫסˣ⵹û뵽һ£Ҳ˵
̷̫үϴһ˵ĲڣȴֳһƬ
ɣԵүһ֣úòңǾԾ顭
£˵һֱ侲ġѩп͡ŷ硪
ʮͣ׾ƤüϸĿÿϼ䣬ķâһ
ֱйֵת̷̫үүӡô
̷Цҡҡͷ⵹˵
ɣԵ϶Ͼô׵ˡүԺҲû˳˵ҵĶƤӴҲûȥˡ
ٺЦ̫ˣ̫ˣ
Ҫ˵ǺգҲ
һΪʲô
ɣ΢΢һЦ룬Ҫ϶ڣ̷ܻ֮棬̷˵²Ǻգ
һ죬ߡһû˵ʲô
ѩп͡ŷԵͷ⻰Ҳ٣µµĹӦƤ֮һԴӶȺ֮ˣͶ̷¡
̷̫үԽӵزڣŷЦЦֽӵ̸̷ֻϵַȴֽյĶй֮޲ˣ
һ԰ǻǻ˵ҪȻнյⷬɾͣǲǣ
ٲ˽˵һ蹦̵µĻ̷еĿݣҲȥɣԵѻ
һ̼ȼ϶ˣҽⳡƵĶ԰ףʼ̷ַ˾ơ
һϯ˸ʱŵβ
ÿ˻ص˿˿żɽλ̸⣬չƤ顣
ѩⷽ˶࣬СƤгһ嵥дСƤǧһٶš
ѩп͡ŷⷽ٣ҲƤһǧ߰ٶš
ߺϼǧƤȻǸ˵ĿһּۻֲۣʮҲ̷үֻⷽϳʮȻǸСĿ
ѩŷ̸˰죬Ŀ̫Ҫһ¡
̷ϴү϶úܡȻĺеҪȴĿ۵ýģòӦöԷ졣
̷̫ү̫ãʴʱ˽һﻳǻϣȴɺ뿪
½ȫˣֻʣ̷Լ˴ֺŵƹġ
λƤƹģ̷µˣη׷׷ǼڲɰƤģ벻ۿҪֵ⣬ȻֻΪӵĲ࣬ǳⶼеȻ
̷үӿ˰˵ǣ΢΢һЦ豭˵ǲصģʮӲǸСĿǻǵģ
Ǯϰչü˵ǡʮҲ࣬ҽĺáһҪΪ֮ʧ⣬ǿϧ
̷̫үٺЦģ˵ģܳɽֻԤ³ʱװˣ
ǮϰǸ̷µһҴƤһһ仪ƤĸˣƤӽµıһָĵһҴ꣬ãƽعϵˣӡӦʱƤãҲɴ仪졣
ҺϽǻʼҴ򽻵£Ȼ׿ֻҪʵƶúܣһ֮ҲͲ
̷ΪҪά֡ƤҲ͸ҡ仪⣡ƽƤĹӦҲԡ仪Ϊһȣ
벻ĺãȻʹô仪ĸڶ̶֮䣬һգʱ򣬸ʲһŶ
仪ǮϰӵŶ֮󣬺һ˾޶˱ʱŷûд
Ǯϰæ̷үӸ漱߻ȣǱʡİ˴ƤţȻͬÿһƤŵǳĺãƤӦ
ǰ˼Ƥеϰ̵Ľǹ£̷ϰ߻ˡ
ǸϢ̷̫үʤϲ֮£뵽Ҫһ£ʮϯԤֱӵƤӦߴϽ̷ῴ׼ƤĿˣ϶ƤɣһҲ
ƤĴʦϣ̷үùǮϰĻʼҶϸؿš
ƤӰá
ƤŷŮá
һϮá
ʮࡢ˳͡ʮá
ôһ⣬̷ү۽ǴЦƣƵƵͷ
۾һһϸϸ񸮵ɰԼʮƤŵӡģӡݻʼҵĶһһֱάڴһҵУִţ¡û뵽һʧȥֱΪֹдš
۾š仪Ǯϰ忴һ۵ڻжã
£
ǻ磡
̡Ǯϰ˵ӿһЩ˵񸮵Ųɰ˵Ѿ˵˳ɽְħ顭
̷΢΢һ㶡
Ǯϰ˵ʥϺ˼ҪŰħƤһŲɰ˵ˣǱۣһһرķͣ
š̷һֻ°ͣƵƵصͷ
֪һԴǻҿĵУ˭¡
˵Ŀ̷ֱֱ᣺үԳ֡
̷ҡͷһЦҲСɣǰҿһأһɶߣ˵ǰħһ㶼ţúܣˣҿȶԺ󣬽ŷȥһˣеö࣡
ʱһƤŵϰǰ̣ǺȱýΪû»ӦѱЪҵˣ
̷һôȥǺܶ𣿡
ϰ˵Ƕ࣬ǽһ˸ˣ
һˣ
һģ
¡ģ仪Ǯϰһǽˣʮһͷ
ϰһôһˣȫһ˸ˣ
£һξȵȴǱֺŵϰ壬һ˫۾
ʨƤӵͷ
ϰˡ
ʱļҷֺŵϰһɫҶһ飬˴ֹһӡ
ŵĴһиʲôã
Ȼ˲Ÿ˵ôĻҲǡ
ϰֱ۾Ҳһһͷѻˣ
ɫһ䣬ת㶵̷̣㿴¡
̷۵ʲôࣿ
ϰݸߵĸӣʮ͡
̷ЦһϿһǣ
ϰһУʶˣ
߹̷
̷һˣ
صӰһ£мƻıǵøϿ׼
Ͻϼʡȥ֪ͨеķֺţǴŻڵؽף
ӦһҪͼϲͷ̷˷ܵܽүƤŵƹƹĶˣӿˣ
һˣͷ̷Цһµˣ
̷룡
նλվſˣҴ߽ϰǽꡰƤšĵ£ϰӦ츮Ƥšĵ¡
ȻЩƤĿϸϰ£Ĵϰ壬ȴԶߵ̷ᣬ˵ˣʮƤŵϰ壬ܹˣнˮĻưˡ
ϰʮһӡ
ϰʮҵһӣ
һһ˴һ𣬿и˼˳̷̫үȭΪкŵϰֺѿһ
ֵϰ壬̷үһЦüˣˣүˣ
ϰҲЦǰүӽҪˣ
̷ɫһȻص˵ĸɵĺˣ
ϰЦġסô֪ģ
̷һüҪúһ롭
Ȼɫײˣǵƣֻûлúݣ
̷үӶһ½ţȻˡ
źȥѩɺŷ죡
Ҳ뵽̬أʱתŲⱼ̷ῴſﾪʧһȺǿ΢ЦǶ𼱣黹ʲô⣬
ʮкŵĸϰô˵Ҳʱ׷
Ǯϰʵ̣ʶ
̷һЦ˵֮£ֻص֪ˣ
ϰôΪʲôأ
̷ҸղŲ˵ô޷ҪƤƣ
ԭǱһŲģȴû뵽ͷһˮһ־ɥͷ
ӽµλǮϰ壬ɾԵеסˣһ˲ѼһһһðŰë麹
̡ر𣬶ϵ跨ȫǡ⣬ҵֻ²
̷ʱһ
ǮϰĻţ۵Ĳ£һʱʥһɾС۾֮ӣʱ˵ʮ̱Ҳ꣬˵һҲòǵ
Ǯϰ뵽һ㣬Ļܰ
̷ϰ¹ϵʮƤҵеʹѽ˳𣬺һ룬ľ͸Ӳƽ
վ򴰿ڣһԲ
Ǯϰ役ظȥµص̡ϵѽ
Ҳ跨ô̷үӺݺݵҧݣҾͲ̷ĳأ
ǮϰֱʡϣǾӪƤҵģΪʱⲻƤ·ѵ̸̷ᣬ̷֮棬ţƸǮ£ĽʹǮͼʹ˴ˣΪһָĴкţΪ̷׬ǮܴһƤУ
ҲΪˣ̷λǮҲ͸͡أ
ȳס̷˵ճŵܱԣ£һ
ҲǵģǮϻΪϲصǧƤʲôⶼˣ
Ҫʧ⣬Ҳˡ̷į˵ţв֮У
һڿ۵С㿴ңҿ㣬۰Ͱ͵ص˷ܰѸѩɺŷ˸
ͷؽˣ
߽Ŀ֮£ҡҡͷЦһҵ۾ڵžԼҪһǶ̷Ҫ
̷񣬴ѯʣرӹʣô
һ̾һһ˶ˣ
ˣ̷һȥˣ
Цҡҡͷ˵һʮ͵棬ƤǰųǵĴţž˼ҵĳˡ
̷ڣÿ˵϶һƬӰ
̷⻰˭ģ
Ǹɣĵͣ
ôûȥ
û˵ŷ̷̫үЦһµ̡ҿ¡ԷǾһܵļƻǴĸǹȥǲܳ
̷ҧǰƤأ
Ҳˣصֻһ취
۾ġ
̣ȻɫһζԷƲСǰҪǻȥ̣ҵи취˻ûлĵѸײڶַȵӭƤס߸ɴȸһӲϹҲҲ
̷ԥŵ²̫ãʧҺ񣡡
̡鵽ʱĻܹ˵ЩǲʣǾͲ壡
ֻԹǹȥĶԷȴܹﵽƤ͵ͷϣ̷ګګصôĽƱػῪƤͣôԺҪǴ򽻵ɾˣ
£Ȼɫص̵ĻȻǲôǰʮƤмգ̫ˣ
仪šǮŵүӡҲֻôˣٿˣ
ϰҲүӣôҲǲѣοҲǻʱǻռ۸Ǯûʲôԣ
ԣǮẉ̂ͲҪٵˡ
̷̾˿ۿźðɡȥɣòҪ˺
ͷã
վҴҲ
ˡģҴҵӭ̷үµʳͣӶһ֣Ȼе˼
ʱӭŰţһƬɢĻơ
ϴϰȴǸ˵л
һǣͷһǽںʾƣ˴ӱӰϿȥͷӣͷܳһɫĴӣֻܽǿ
ҲӱʲôƵģҪȻôǰӳűڽǡ
ͬĴҴ߽󺣻ŵվӭӹȥүˣ
һλֻͷкŻվݲ衣
˰֣˵òſѩһӻûУ
󺣵ûУүûУ
Ҳ
󵱼ҵģǴ򿪴˵Ƕ̷үƽشô
ǻõ˵ѽү󺣿һۣɲסЩŵι
һЦ˵󵱼ҵĲǸˬˣãôĳһ䣬Ƕĳƽض󵱼ҵô
һ£Цû˵Ǻү㣬̫չˣ
˵úãɾһôǶмҪ㵱ҵİæ֪ҵ͸ͣ
󺣡žԼظ˰ƵУүհɣȥǣ
һЦãҵˣ
䡱Ĺøæɷһۣǰ󺣵Ҳ˼Һүǵʲô£˲㵱ô
һòżֻҪǵͷûеģ
ĹóźһµүɱģҲ֪ģǿǾƵ꣬Щһ
Ѿע⵽ϵɫˣæүʲôֻ˵ɣܹЧ֮ǣ
ô£żɽ˵˴ĸǶԣϸΣҲͲضˣǽ̸ƤҪˣ

Ŵҵ˼ʮʮ򣬷Ҫˣ
ЦãһҾ֪ͨѩɣǸϽѻϸȥ
һЦǾˣ
ˣȻǰⷬơ
һЦֻʣʲôط
ڡ¥Ͽⷿ
ãͷôھ뵱ҵæ
⡪󺣺үҿɲ˼ҵģҿɲ㶯
ԲԼ
͵վкλ¥
ٿغ¥ݿڣ˲òͣ½Ųͷź
ɫһ󺣣Ǹʲô㽻㶼ô
󺣿ү¶˵ҿЩһҲ˵ү϶£ǵǻٰòã
üһһ󺣣
ıƽغƵģ飬˺ĽɫɾԵӲˣ
ү㡭󺣿Цٵϰʱ˵ҲҪˣ 







 

  
¡Ŀäĸζ 

ЦһʱԺкŸѩǮʮӣһҲٲˡÿû£
֪һĳƾԼֱͣԺͶԷȡ˵Ҳҿ̷һ
£ͷ̾Ϣһÿӡ
˵ô󲽵¥
˲¥˼ȻʳﴫһЦòҪȥ

˵Ǹڱڽǲĳˡ
ʱλվعӣģźϷ򸾣һﶼÿ˵۾ȫűڽǸ˹ȥ
ʮͣüϸĿɫһͷڰ䣬γһֲ԰֮ɫ
ȥ˸ͷܸߣ˫磬ԵýϳҪֻ࣬ҲҪϳٴһɫѪ죬һƣ
˹ع̧ȿһŰʣǰĻ¥ȥû˵ǲǣ
ڴһתӵĵҲǵһۿ˵һɲǣ鲻Խŵô˸¡
㡪
Цô˵ңﲨ㻹ϵңǵ껹е㽻飬˵ǲǣ
ɫһ£磬ﲻ̸ĵطǵ̸̸ô
òŷ£
Ĵ̴̵һ˫ϸĿ˸̵⡣
ɷ죬ڵأʲôԵ̸ߣ˵Բԣ
˵ֱֻϥͷ̲סպЦ
ʳȻˣȴưݲЦÿ˶죬ë
ϿЩҲסӡ
һЦ¸꣬㻹ݲҺͶ磿˵һģ
ߺߡЦȿ޻
ݲǣ㻹˵óڡ
˵Щʱһŭ֮ɫǣת֮ȴֻΪһֺɫ
̣ߣ΢Ц̷ֵ϶߽ҡһʵĸ̣ϸҲҲʵʵˣ벻ɣ
صǡ
ɵúܣ˵һҲǸƤģ
ԣͰǵȫˣ
ϸչչǵ⵱ȻǺ£
ǵĸеûߺߣǲ˼
˵ҲסֳһƬŭݣǶԷǸģȴںı顣
ߣ˵˭˭ǣ˭˭¾ʩ֣ԼĿڡ
񾡹ŭ㣬ǵʶԷˡֶ족ﲨһܳĹԼͷҲиȷʵóȻ֣
ΡƤҪˣ
ûô򵥣
ЩƤͣѾ̸˼Ǯ
û̸ãӣ
һ£ЦճʮӦûˣ
һ
һŭʲô˼
ﲨЦû´ѩɡŷŻͬʮӵĴۣƤǣ
ʱ˰أԷĻʵ̫ˡ
콫£ԼⷽƤŴ󼪣粻ǰֻԷһƴ֮һ;
һƴĽǺǣ
ƴҲܴ˺ల¡
Сҡ֮ƵĺһɲǾȻҲڳ˼֮С
ܿЩͷԼ
ĿǰƣȻҡһԷǲǡάȳ֣ڽšֶ족ﲨյһɻֵܣҲˡȻ߼Ϊ
ߣֱĿǰΪֹԷӣֻõҵɱӱһŭգƺΪ֮սľ
Щ⣬һʱ䲻ǵָ֮䡪
ǲ账ģ
磡ɱ˲ͷأ̧֣ºֵֶңֵһʱǷֱҲ١
⼸仰ɺ˵ʮίˡ
ȴ˿޶ԣ
ֶ족ﲨϴһֽϷǳЦٸһףɲǧӵֵܾøˡ
Цһô˼ǡ
Ǹʲô˼պ֪ôﲨڴˣͱߣ
ô˵ӲҪժˣ
ô˵ɣﲨЦһ˵ȥ̷϶ɣҵ
һǰﲨͷĹƣνߵʡǰƣֻзһƴˡ
˼Լһ书㲻ﲨĶ֣Ҳ֧һʱôʱ֮ӦÿԴӴݵذƤǰ˵
⵱Ȼһܺõ㣡
һ֮ˣٲԥһָֻİ쿪һЩ˳ơּȻǰ֡
ͬʱһ˫۾ĵһߵɨһۣôˡ
ֶ족һЦҲѾ˶Էͼвأֻȴ˵ƣ
ת˲˱仯
ּһЦ磬δ̫ˣ
ʴһӣֻáǡһڷɳǳ۰ֱšֶ족ﲨһ˫۾ȥ
ڱ˴̫ǳ׼Ͳ˫ɸֻɣƾ죬һǡֶ족ﲨ׳Կˣֶ족й֮⣬ҪĻĿݣ
ǵָ֮䣬ѵﲨǰﲨһ̶ĳЦֻ𴦣˫ĳ֣֮䣬һ˫ֳָ˫˫һ˫ļβ֮ϡ
ƣƣشľ֮ϣ
һвֻ֣һţһǰأƲƾ͵ľ磬Хɽ
ֶ족ﲨһ꣡
°壬ֻ̰ȻƳ˫ƣ㶼ķڱ˴˼һɲǣлԼаߵľ룬ط˱
ײӭܿ˴˵Ĺ
ֻߵľһӭ֮£˫˫ͬط˿
ڡꡱһ֮£һȴź񵯳ӷˡ
ֶ족ﲨȴʯһҲɼĹѳࡣ
ЦУ׷źӣһ
⵱ڣİѵõĻᣬ˫˫˱¥
¥һΪƤ˴ƤĿⷿ˲˼˵ǰȴСǰ
鼱֮´ȵ
һѰ˴Ӹˤ˳ȥͬʱҲǸƸˤ˳ȥ
϶ţľһ˿
ϻһصӣ˳ơ񡱣̷ǳģʱ鼱֮£ֻشӣһУȫ
һٽһţͨһѰѷŸ˿ʱ˼ͬʱȥǾʹסˡ
һѻͬСɽһƤϣʱиˣϥϡ
һ£ȥָݣͷҲݰţƤһųϣȴǶһ԰׹ӡ
ǰں
ͻȻֵʱסųһ亹ϹԷһ˫׹Ϲ۾Ŷˣֿī죬˵ͳһӹЦ
졢˷ֵԷһϹʱƺ׳һЩ
ǰĶôϹӣʲô
ϹЦһͣһּѶĿګګǿģ
ЦŵѾˣò㣬
Ϲ˫׹۾˵ʱһƫͷƫʱ졢˲ע⵽Ϲһĵ˰̡
һ˫צ֣ʮָȴŹָףذһ˫ϥͷ֮ϣͷɢмӹǰϣǸ
ҲǸģϹӶ벻ͣҲôһԼĪĳҳ̵һɫ͡һ
Ƿ󣬱һȶһͷЦ̫ˣ
ҹϹ˫Ϲﴫ֮η׹⣬ؽȥ
¥µˣûиǣ¥޵ҿǴǻζˣ
ŭһȻڿնֱϹ˹ȥǸϹ֮ʱһãȻ֪ӣҲһ˫ּӴϹӵǰ֮һɲǣһ߰ġϹͣҲʱٿڿնһһ̣ظԭ״Ȼԭˣȴÿеҽһӻһ͵صˤȥ
ȵˤڵʱĺȻǰУȻһѪ
ȻΪϹˡ
һ˫ĿʧϹӣֱвһȻھ֮ҪԹǡַȻʹԹ۵ġĴһ
ϵԴˤڵ֮󣬾ͶҲٶһ£ʱǰ˴ཡ
һðźɫ壬Ѫ׵Խ۾ëȻ
þ̵ɫһۻϵϹӣ˫׹ӣգҲգע
һϹӵ۾Ƴһ£ҿһ£ϹӵһϹۣҲƳһ¡
ĲϹӵ˫׹ϹҲ
һʾϹӾϹӣȴг򲻼о
£ЦϹѣ¾һȵĸ֣飬ʧˣ
Ϲϣ̵ֳЦƣЦһգɱص˭
ġ
û˵
һ죬ګګ˵²̷һС䣬֪
˵Ż͵͵
վסϹЦŰǸͻʰֱֱָģ
ֻҪ֮䣬ͿأŲţ
ҡĵͲҶˡ
֪ҰɣϹӷ˫׹۵ûгԹ⣬ϵҲӦÿ·ɣ
ҿһĭҲ֪ô£ȻӦĻ
ϹӺٺһЦôҸ㣬ôһţ˳ơĿޡˣ˵
һ׵ô˵ռ򣿡
Ϲӵ˵ͷеʶҡ
ļȶˡ
϶ˣʮĴ˵̫ˣ˵ԭиŽС硱ϹˣסطһλˡϹ޳ľԴԺ˼Ҿ͸ĳΪĿޡգ
ֻ˵ˣǻǰδͶ̷ǰ£ʱ˵֣ӡ֤ǰˣܲʹսľ
Ŀޡ˵֪߲֣м仰ʵԸ棬ҿ㲻򡭡ٺ١λͬ飬ɾİ
ǿ򶨵ǰлֱ˵¡֪޲ԣ
㣬̷˪Ŀǰмˣ
һ˵ǡ
ϹЦһ̷˪ɾ̷ᣡ
⡭ļԼĶ䣬̷˪һʱĴ̷ȴǸһƼʵ̡ˣôǣһ飿ʵǷ˼
˵һмˣ
ĴһµûʲôˣһһŮ
ϹЦһ£֪»סʲôûУ
Ĵһ£˵ûУ
һ˵ʱһ滺̽һ˫ţ˫ڿͣһ˻ϹƺûʲôӦ
Ŀһǰҿô
ĿޡصҪΪһ£Ȼܷ
Ӧǰգ۾ȴǰõһʯ
ʱõնɫʯͷĥɵģȥʮء
ϹʱվϴһƬЦҪȥһˣԸ⣿
⡪˵ʱһֻżȻ̽ҼΪɵعʯİ档
ϹӼ૵صҪȼϵҲҲûˡ
ǰҪһ
һֻŲʯһ߳ЧԴУĴ⡣
񡭡Ϲһɭ̶ζ
˵ʱǰ˼
˫ľЩ˳ơ񡱣ϵ书̸ʲôһȴԾˣȽꡰءĴһųȥ˵Ҳٽ
Ϲ˼ȻվסŲߡһһ˫׹Ϲƶһ¡
ĽŵһļɤۣǰѾԻ
Ϲɫһô
ôַĴһʩȫ֮һţһ߽ٽĴʯߵƽɶֻ顱һײϹӼ֮ϣʱʯĽϹһХбֱصȥ
ĲϲһԾǰһ̤ڼڵϵϡ
ҪԷôġ
ȻûߣϸһЩ˺
ʯмϣ˫׹һգ
һŲãٿһ̤ϵϹӼһЦһ̽ץס̤µĽš
Ϲʱֳ˼Ϊı飬ָֻץ֮£Ĳҽһֻ̽ĽţȻŹƬ飬Ϲ͵ƣȫһۣ˳ȥôһֻϵǸ͸ͬ߰ضȥֻáơ
һѪէ֣һͣõǰУԹǶѪԽ磬״һӵȥ˳һ죬ڵ²˸ʱͲˡ
ɱ֮λС֮ƵļһͳЦ
·㲻ȥͶ˵ţǸ͵ڶεݳȴĵǰ֮ϣӴݹӦȷѾˡ
һ˿˵ЦϷ
ɷϣϹӼղɱ˵ַȷǸ֮ƾһзѺнʮ֮ãڡϾдͬ٭֮Уǳ͵һڡ̫ꡱ˾ͽ𣬶롰ֶ족ﲨಮ١
ȻеĹĪ⣬ͬеһˣ족
ȷеһԣ
ǰˡɣ˵ɣ书治֪Ҫޡ٣
վڼ߾벻ġȻȴȻ޾
ѽˡ
ڼɱĵһɲǣѾˣ
ɣ֮û¶ϤȣӦ˲ԾĲûôȷǺյΪྶͥ
ô˵ʹڼĴƣһֻ˫ɵӾͿ̽
ϹиΪ˵Ĺ񱣬ҲһһΪ֪Ĺ񱡣
ɣ֮Ծһ磬ڽҿڴ˵ţżԱ̡
˫׹ӣƵƵءꡱŵϵʬ壬۾Ȼǿʲôȴһš
Ѫζ
ԭϣڽӴѪ֮ɲǼһ쳱ǶԴ׵ϣҲһѪ졣
Ȼعӣ˷šٻعӣһƵġ
һƵģ˵˵һʬ塪ҲʬǰֻǸһ䣬һ죬ǿԭȾѪͷ­һ֮£ʱ׹صƵģһ˿
Ŀޡʱһˣһֻǣһͷ񻢣
ֻֻͣתɣֻһɲǣѰͷ­ڵһ⣬ͷ﷢һĻġء֮ټһɲǼԵõβʣ
ⷬʹһԾ۵ɣҲΪ֮Ȼɫ
һ֮󣬺δβת䣬ĵʬǰֻٴξ
δ֮䣬Ȼ˲ԡ
ٿһתɣ֮һµ˭
ɣԻȻ쵽ΪԼһʱϢʹöԷ˾
ϴ߷ѵı飬عЦһʲô˾ҿϹүүĺ£
һǸ̫ĺֵС
ͣһָĸطǻؽţ㡪㡪㣡
Ϊɣֻ˵طһϢʹһʱֲҶ϶
ѡһķһ񣬰еͷ֡
ơһһѷıש֮ڣû˳ࡣ
ӽ͵ĳ֣˹ȥһ˫ơȣȣƣһһ£˰ʯ֮ϡ
һӻʯмɢΪ֮һ¡
ǽӡĴǳֻ֮䣬ǽڼᴩ
ƺ⣡
Ѹٵջһ˫ƣųǽڵǸͣһһˣ硣
ԭĵط˫Ϲ۾ţƵƵŶѣƺʧȥֵĿꡣ
һ󡰶֮ٵһƣƷ粢ڴУ̽١
һ֮󣬼ĶҡˣΪԼжϴˡ
ٺٵЦ£¡
һɣԺȻЦһʲô£Ϲӣ̫ˣ
˭ȻڼȾ֮У˫׹Ϲ۾ӼѿѾȷɣվĵط˭˵
ɣЦŵ˭òŸ㣬书Ҹǰˣģ̫ԶˣԿ
ոճԹӵ죬ȥѪģһХ֮£ɣվĵط˹ȥ
һΣɣȴӱܣӭżҵƣֻֻֽٿصݳżطȥ
һֿ棬ʵȴǳĸ
ĿޡôҵĹƣȻδܵóѣ˵ÿ죬ʺطΪɣֵ˫ַУʱȫˣȴҲ˲һģЩڵء
߳ŭ֮£ӵڶȥеٿһʩһСҵͷһߵӰɣ硢ߡ˫ԼߴҪѨϵȥ
һֲܲ˵ġ
ֻɣһз
˵ͬʱȻְϵһɫ¶˿һƬƣһƬӵϼ֣ôһһһһ˵硣
һν֮һθ
˴ͣǱ˶ͷһӽ˸ţȻһ˳ͨһˤڵء
ͼ䵹ڵصӣһӼתٴεԾһڶԷ϶ۣ֮ŭԿֻ֪ŭС
ӻǰϮ̣ƣͬʱʩһһᣬȴǰʵ֮ӷɵɣǰ϶˫ȴ̺ڼԪơ
ĹΪʵգΪȴʱתΪʵ
ϹȻǻˣִȫƴӣһһƹȻ˼㡣
ݴ͵ɣԣɫһݡ
ּ̽ϹӵΣԷһЩѵѣ벻ԷȻʩչɱ֣ʹòʩչзͼԱ
һ֮䣬ɣӻһףȴһʧѾõġ깦ʩչһһƣӭס֣ͬʱϮɫɶһģѲס˼е͡
˫Ƹһ֮£ǳʽ״̬ǽɣԵһ֮£һ죬͵ص˳ȥ
һһȴסһ󷢺죬ꡱһѪ
ɣǰһۣгһһ½ǣˡһ˼ļ֮ϡ
Ȼһ½ǣһڹ׵˵Ҳ֮ɱˡ
½ɣԵڹע֮£ķ϶ʱֳһƬѪգ½ǻмơ
ĿޡһҪ벻쾹Ȼ˼ҪˣһʱҲֳ˾ʧ̬
˫׹ۣתš
֡ҧһȾѪյݣ߷ߵصõģĹȷʵ뱨ɣҼҲ׹
֪ҵģ˵Ҳɱ㡣
⡪ɫȻô˵̷˪һˣ̷˪أ
ûУҸ˵
ɣһЦ̷˪ưԣȴǶԣͬΣȺļһҲǲɱ㣬ȴͬա
һ㵽˭
ɣһЦֻϧǸϹӣֵֹ˭ʳǲҾһպ󻹳˲
˵ųһһ£ֻüХһһݼҵһʣ
뿪֮󣬡ĿޡسԺȻӭѲɣԣȴһˡ
һץס˼µӣХİȥ罦ѪӣµҴ㡪
һƳ֣˴еϰˣôˣ
˵һѾס˼ӡ
һ£ﲻסص磿
ǡֶ족ﲨʱէⷬʵһ
ڸ˭֣ﲨصˣ
ЦһһʱȻ
ֶ족ﲨܿؽһĵص㱣סˣ
ͣһ˲伸ɵˣ
ﲨһôˣ
ſȾѪ죬ͷĶ˰죬ݡ
ǽһȻصˡһˣ
ﲨغһ˵ʲôˣ
̧ϵѪǰؾҵţǶ԰עﲨ
һˡ֪ʲô֣߼ˣ
˵⼸䣬ֱľګˡ
ﲨһ£Цֻ˭أ
֪һɲ
Ī̷϶
ǡֱܷ˵̷϶ûôߵĹ򡭡ǸͲˣ
ﲨЦѹȥ˾ͽϴ˵
ʱ¥´һЦȻǰƤ̻ˡ
Σˡ
һϵĺԺһļݷ
һյɴƣƹˮİӳĵڳÿ˵϶ɫ
һĸˡ
ֶ족ﲨݡХɽĿޡһʶĺڷˡ
Ȼ¡ֻһɫӣ͹΢ĵƹӳӰ£ʾ̺ŵޱŭݣͷϵĺڷһ֣һںɫķǩɵйᴩȥ
ϲӣȴεҺۼ
˿ȥƺ˶ҪĪҪûôƣֻǽеĺƣȴǶ룬絶ȥǰԡ
ֻƾһƶͿɶ϶Ϻһˡ
˫޵ĿͷϣĿעǰˣֻص
ߣ϶˾㵴ɽǺµǸСӣ
ˣǸХɽ޺޵Ҳ벻һᣬҾͼˣٲҲǲУ
ôһ˵м񡣡˵ϹӼ˵ʱڳȻǲ䣬ȫˡ
ֶ족ﲨЦһСǸҹȥ磬㿴¸ô죿
Ϊ硯ǴŻӵǸˣҲкպ̸ɫġ̫ꡱ˾ͽ
֮£ʮֳŵصҪˣȻǺܲҲþͰ̷϶Ҫ̷϶ϰˣֻҲˣ
ХɽͼŲˡ˾ͽĻû˵ԷҪɱԼƾûһ˵Լܻڣ
ãЦ˵СӺǵǽˣҸĲ
˵վǶ˵棬ȫֱ
ϰˣ԰꣬
߷ߵصһվһĺã
ǡХɽԴӱɣġѪӰڹ֮ȫڣѾԪˣȥӵĲһЩѪɫɣĸоͼһȻκǡ
磡Хɽ߷ߵصСӵô죿ѵǳôĿˣ
˾ͽٺһЦˣӦ֪˵ȫԸ̷϶ʵڲٷԸˣ£òһʱ֮ʹ̷϶ȴԺǲܷſԸֻҪܲ˵ģ 







 

  
ڰ¡̶ʩƭ 

ֶ족ﲨͷĻǰĿ̷϶
̷϶ÿϲ㶼ֳһֳ֮ɫÿ˻ѹѾõ޳ĶġѪѪκҲԻĳ
˾ͽȻϾһﵽȥˣҪǳԶţҲиŶѽ
ֶ족ﲨҲƶ᲻ʲô©ӣ
ǡХɽǸСUɣ
仰˵ĸһӺëȻ
ڡ˾ͽ˼һ̣صɣĺûʲôӡ֣Ҫɱ˽άһҲ򲻻Źͼϰˣǡ
˵һ̷϶ǿɾ˵ˣ
ǡХɽ͵վ磬ǻȫˣʲôϾ֣ɱ̷ĺͺ񣬸ɩԼϰ˱𣡡
̫ꡱ˾ͽԺɭɭطһЦХɽദôã벻Ȼ͸ҵƢҪɱˣǰֺαطô£
Хɽһ롭
Ҫ̷϶Ʋ
˾ͽ˵仰ʱЦݣôº͡ƽ͵ЦţȴصҪۿֵµʮƤ꣬һҼҵصաۿƤϵڵ¡ۿɸһĴ󸻺ձ⵰
ĳޣ˶㣬βסģ˾ͽ˵ЩʱһƬѪ⣬˸һͫӣð׹⣡
ۿʧȥްŮǸʱһҲ٣
ⷬʹÿһ񣬾ͷϹҲ̧ͷ
Ѿ˶ʮˣں⼸죬ưɣǸֶΣ
˵һ£̷ڿѾζˡתšֶ족ﲨܣزأ
˵زأҲᣡﲨЦһܵľˣұɱ뵽˴Ĺգסһ
ԣ˾ͽص·úܣܰɣ
վڷ˼תƹ粻ÿ˼ʱԵͲˡ
Ȼͣס˽Ų
ݺжԶ
һг̣
ãȺúõ˯һȥ
𡢼㶼ɫһͻȻ뵽˾ͽ𼴽ȡֶκͼ
硭Ǹɣġ
˾ͽһЦȻϸݣһ
ǡХɽСӿȥ̷϶ĹŮһ֡
ǾˣﲨǾǸѾͷӣţ
ţХɽѳ˾֮Ϊ㻹ţ
̫ꡱ˾ͽЦƵƵͷǸһ⣬ɣĲգҪǾáֶԸ书ߣҲһģɱСҲΪ𣡡
ⷬȻʹøХɽһͬ޺ãȥǾͼƻֵĲˡ
̷ټļլ˵ʧ⣬һĴ֮¡ȥˡ
һӵǣûʲôӦǰһѣѾ֡
̫ʦϵ̷̷̫үšһ˫üëƽ˼ˣͲΪʲôȻʹһﲻչϢĸо
ףǰȥӭͼһȡƤ벻˵ĲңˣԼӲȴֶ족ﲨġ͸֡ľǾ̷үӼʱΪѪһӿɾͷˡ
ȥɫҲҵģһ˿Ѫɫ
ټһˣûһģ
ɾƤֺš仨Ķ۰Ͱ͵ؿ̷ᣬ̲ס
̡̡ôѽ
̷Цһ£ȲشĻȴ۾ȥϢûУ
Цţҡҡͷȥˣһ;ʶƣɱһҲͲٸȥˡ˵ԷǼ˻ĳ;˺üΣγͲ֪ȥˣ
̷ᡰߡһĿк޷ŭһֻˡ
ǲȥһˣ
ʲôã̷ЦһܹôˣȥǰȥҪ缸£ǻסһƤˣ̫ˣ
üͷ˵ûбķˣ
̷ЦƵƵҡͷ
ֻһƨϴţһɥô죿ô죿
̾һת̷仪أ棬ôã
ǰҼֱˣ
̷۹һɨƹģǴǲǿ취ȥմգȰѴ仪ˣ
ƹĵҺǿܴճƤ죬㲻رõƤ
ƹĵﻹмƤӣûеá
кŵĸ˾ۼһ飬ֹһӣǿԴճƤİҪĻʵõļ۹ӣȴ䡣
̷ÿ˵ǼλȥЪţٺúøͷٸǣ
кŵĸ˿ɥһ仰Ҳ˵ȥ
ֻʣ̷ͺˡ
̣ǿɶҿЪһӣ仪أЩȫ棬̣һϢ֪ɿɿ
ʲôϢ
˵ǿħƤӣ˸ѩɵһΪɾӣҪһӲ
һ̷һֻ۾ֱǿЦ
̣ҪİħҲֵã
̷һ£ϲɫصУ
ͷǲģϲ˵ʥϲϧκνǮ⻹зͣ⵹Ǹᣡ
̷һ񣬵ô粻˵
˶ӣһ˳ȥԷ֪ɾ鷳ˣ
ԣҿǸѩ̸̸̷˵Ҫ̸ѽ
ͷѾȥˣҪתԼѩɣǰػ
üˡ
һɲǣ̷үɿˡ
ҲֳһƬЦݵ˾ͽǰˣΪôͿأȴ©һ֣Զ̣һ
ˡꡱ˾ͽ̷үɫȻһھյӵ֣Ǳʶһ˵ļɻ䣬ǵĺ޲ʱǼָһ
ǡǵĸֶΣ˾ͽݶ񶾣ټϡֶ족ﲨȼյֵܣЩ˼ֱûһǺöԸģһǷִؽΪµĺ
ԭΪ˫ȻһӴ֮󣬱ؽᷢһΪȻֱӳͻȻȴˣԷĹƣϣȻȡ˹ĵķ
һʵ̫̫ˣڽڹĵ
뿴ɣСƤ֮Ƶ̷үӣж˽ܺɣòʮƤ˵˵һҲ
ԷֶΣȻֹˣ̷Ҫ˼֮󣬲ܳӦս
ϧһдۣҪӮһ̣
ã̷үصӰѱһƣȥѸѩɸֻҪǿƤģһһɣ
վͼſһĽӭƹã
̷
˳ȥã΢Ц󺣣Ÿͦüӣͽˡ
ع˸λү˺ã
ƹı̷үôش˻ټ
Цӭȥһһ࣡࣡ô¿ɰˣ
δЦ
ĻüظڰϣְѺƤ½һãִ֡
ЦЦλүֲڵġ
һµСʲôô
Ҳûʲôһ°ͣҺ˵˵ؽסˣ
̷ᡢɫһɡ
Ǿͺˣ΢΢һЦҸղҲ̸ˣһӣʵ̫һ㣬ϵԡ
û˵꣬ѺЦλվ˫ֶ
ˣʱжϡ
ˣش
һֻӣϺһ˵ʲô˼ЦȻˡ
ҲͲٶ˵ˣ
ǷһתҪ뿪
̷վס
󺣶ʱͲƲع
̷үɫɲǰôÿˣֳһ˵ŭݡ
æȺЦֵܣȱѽô£˵ѽ
̷һЦһŲס̷ĳˣƹģ鷳תϵһϰѻǿǮ
ллүӵĶ䣡ִһվȴԥŲߡ
ô£Ҳеˡ
λү˵ֵת̷ү˵ѾͬˣҪһЩˣ
ʲôŭˣ
΢΢һЦ֪ĸϢһλү֪ˣ
ɫһ䣬ͷ̷һۡ
̷ߡһô
󺣸ɿһλԸ
ˣ
ûС󺣱һֱʱȻһͻ̬εЦҪˣҲͲػˣ
ٺЦ˼˵ɣҪ٣˶٣
ֿһүϿɱᣬⲻµ˼ֻǸ𴫻ѡ
֪˵ɣ
ܴʾŭ𣬿ǰ£ȴַá
΢΢һЦګګֵܵ˼˵λү򡪡
򣿡
塪򣿡
̷Цһ󺣡ǲϰɣ
үӡ쵨ҲңηصȫǸѩԼ˼
ҧڵѩΪʲôԼ
ֵܵ˼¶λүӲ½⣬ԡԡ
㲻Ҫ˵ˣӻ̷ֵүӱ˵òǮõóҲȥɣ
һô¾ôظˣ
һЦ󺣣ʮǶҿɴ㲻
֪һص̷үͺү¶ɽ
֪ͺãЦոǵĺǳ̸ʲô飬󺣾Ͳͬˣϵܣô㲻һô
󺣴˸˵үô˵ɾ̫ˣȻүɵңôҲֻóˣ
ش˸ϸӿҪˡ
̷Ȼǰһ󺣣ȱߣ
ǣүӣ˵Żֻعүӻʲôǲ
ȥոǵģϰѻǿǮ
үӣ򰡡
ֻ֪Ҫ棬ʮҲһӶҲٲģ
ǡ
ϲɫصү󰲰ɣ¸ˣ
˵ʱӣȥ
Ժ󣬺ʤȵ̷ĪҪӣǿƤӣ
̷ЦһȣΣܲۿ䵽˾ͽһ˵
üֻǣֻǣӡ
а취ׯƱٴնӦûд⣡
һȴһǮûˣ
˵ɣ̷һƬŭ
Ȼһ̷ἸʮĽˣԷĸУв֪֮ȴ
̷ȥ׼ׯƱɣ
˵Ȼһһ˼£ҶʶǺã
һ£ƫƫȥˣ
Ƥ̷µһϹ٣ٷؼ֮ޣ֪ܲƤ֮αֻϧǰٻ磬ԺתأƫƫڴʱڸڣϿɺ֮
ȻһЦ̿ɷģ䲻ڼң̸ʱȴ֪ħ̬֮ͷжһ֧ɫѪ죬Ϊһ㡯ԴԸѩɣ֪ǲ֪
̷ͷôһ˵ҵˣǰħͷϹжһ֧һۿˣ
̾һ̵ʱɱǸڽԴҪвƴƣ
̷̾һ֪Ц֮书裬ȴ߶ˣӵûǧˣ
˵뱨ƹͬˣ
룡
ⲽˣ󺣡ѩɣһˡڻպꡣ
ѩɱһƤңڻպ汳һСľӡ
˷̷ֱ˴֮󣬺꣬Ҵ˽ȡƱ
ѩɵ̷̫үɫѣ֮˭Ҳȿ˵ֱ񷵻֮󺣲ſһλүҪҾرѸֵܸ˽
ѩɲڵǷǡ
̷Цϵôһô˵Ҳǳʶ
ѩɵҾ̫ү
󺣲ڵֵǲ³ȥͷĲŰ
һѣ˼ղƹĸҲ̸ˣǮ޿ɺǣǶȿ
ǡѩһ˵һжǰıƤңҴţһٳٲӵӡ
ģҲûˣ
ѩЦЦŰѸҴǿֵǵİħƤӣһӵӣð׺óëȻһ㡣
˵ʱ˹Ƥһɼ
Ƥ̷ȻС
̷үǰëֹͿڴ˴ƤʱһС˿Уף֪Ϻ֮Ƥ
Ƥǲ̷үӵͷ
ѩæƤյ
Ǯ桭Ŷš
ѩɿһ٣
̷үӱСߡһ̷ĳļҲƣҲ֮Ƿһ㣿
һԵġڻպȴЦ̫ү̫ˣֶһԭ˱ɾͲֹˡ
ǻǰֵΪ·£û·Բżֵġ
ͱ̷࣬ߣܻп֮ʵĵֻǰȴҲ޿κΣ
Ŀ໥һۣ˴
΢΢һЦ̷ƹĻ˵ҲеͷĲţϣ䱦ˣҪԷ⣡
ٵЦŵǰ˵ɣ̷ĳĴ治죬ӲҪ¸ƤӣҲ޼ƿʩ
һѩɴЦһ̫үô˵Ҳ̫ԱˡһҵȺγϼ
˵Цµ뿪֮ʱӭ°˽֪ۡڻӭҷأҲӦǣɽȡΪͷ
һЦѩ޿ֵֵ̫үĪ˵ûⷬģʹд⣬ȴҲδظϰĿ֮£ɴ˲ݵɱ˹ɣ̫ү˼ҽյҵô̫ˣ̫Цˣ
һ䣬Ц
⻰Ȼãı̷ߣܱɫȴҲΪ֮һ
ѩɵĻһҲû˵̷ڵطСˡ֮ƵˣǾĿůů֮¸ֹġ
ǣһ£̷΢΢һͳЦߣߣʵڸ֮
˵仰ɫ켴ֳһֳߵĴ꣬ƵƵͷͳŸֵⷬ˳ˣ
ѩɱȭǾлл̫үֻ̫ү˵ǰ˳ɣɡ
һԲڵеС⣬Ҫ̸ѣ
ң뵱˵
ħĳҲֻ˵ȴۼǳȴۼҡ
̫ˣѩЦ˼͸ɶ϶αˣ
̷ͷôϵһǸʲôɣ
ѩɵͷáħɶ˺Χһ˫ۣܴʮ⣬ȥ磬жݣ˲ܽ
̷ֻ˶ѣ
ѩɵֻһ֮ȴͷķִһֻǣɫʺ죬״解ν֮
̷˶Կһۣ죬ѩ˵ĺȫϵʵˡ
̷ͷֵ˵Ϸֵ˵һ޶ֻǣϷ֪ж磬ʹһṦ֮ˣѽأڹȴɵֵҵȶʮ괿֮ˡ
һ£Ÿѩɵ΢΢һЦϷῴֵ书Ϸ򲻲ţ˵дһɣֵ֮Ҫ߳࣡
ǵȻ̫ү书
ˣ̷صôϷ֮书Ҳýߣοֵ㣿
ѩһ죬ȴ΢΢һЦ̫үʵüǡ̫үУȴȡ
΢Цһ£ֵܵǰħȸŴĶؼˡ²й¶
̷ʱһۡ
̷˵ⷬҲţֻǡ
ֵȻˣҵƤ
ѣ
ѩƺ뵽һ㣬ְѱڡڻպϵǸСľȡһЦΪ֤
˵ʱǡ
ÿ˶ʱһĿĵķΪһ쾧͸ޣаѪĺɫǡ
үĿ
ѩɸ߸߰ӳʹȥ뿴ħͷֻǣһ
̷ӹϸϸһ£ֻǸһ㺮䣬ɫ״뵱Լһ޶ڱţ϶մѪ
дһȻɱͣ
ѩɵ˽ؼֵƤԴΣȴҲ࣬үϲټӣͬʱ
̷Ѹٵذܽǵ˹ȥǫѷЦ㻹Լ°ɣ
ѩɺЦӹ켴ڣɡڻպȻڼϡ
̷ƤԶ˶ÿȴû˵ЩʲôҲƤͬҲʲô󺣵˶ʱ֪áܡعڻͨϢ
ꡪ
̷ðɣǳɽˣ
󡢸ǡ޿ɱЦݣȡһɣƤֽŷ⣬óű̩ׯׯƱ
¾ɸѩ֤дһվݣģӡӣɽˡ
õƱ֮󣬸ѩɵȲ̷Ҳû͵˼
̷̰֮ǿµƤչһȻҲʲô
Ӳ˵ʹСƤ֮Ƶ̷̫үʱˣóǮʹо൱سϵֽѵȻ޴棡
һӳɽһ⣬ȻһӼǮ̧˺üΪӡˡ棬òôвʡ
ҪѩһˣôǮġ
ѩɰһһӵׯƱԽ󺣵Ц۾죬ڲصл
ѩְһһƱµͬ顰ڻպ꣬պһŴ죬ʵˡ
صڸѩɼһƣֵܣһ֣ҲòŸһˣôǮ
ѩɵͷģ⣬Ӧ츮һҴƤׯӡ
ҲƤ񫣡
˵Ц
ڻպЦպҲǽĺ˼ңҲóһ
󺣺ٺЦҪĳ׼ˣ߰ɣһҪǸСӺ鷳
ѩվһЦһжͣڣڣ
ȭͬšڻպһ͵͵ذſһ죬濴˼ۣУûʲôɣٷƣɱϸһݶ
ѩһЦװͷǸǵСľͷһҪȻվסص̾Ϣһ
ڻպһ߰
ѩЦһ˵ߣһ᲻̷ǸС㣡
պһЦˣƭ˼ӵǮ˼ҵĹŮô˵¶߰ɣ
һʱС˵©죬ȴʹ󺣵һѩȴһƣֵʮĶֻ˵ƭ𣡡
պʱһ۾󺣣Ī˵ô£
ûô£ѩļ̷ҴСýȫϸˣ
󺣶ЦУǮһ׼ɣ
ѩɵˣԤǧӵлýǮ
˵žͬڻպ경⣬һСڵţ˶ʱǰλүѾ׺ˣںſڡ
պһһͬŸѩĵ¥
ʱѾҹӡʱˣӭĿҲЪˣֻ¥һͷ΢΢ŵƹ⡣
Ű뿪ţĲӭ洵һҹ磬պһ²ӵȣ䣡
СƤϵļťӿ۽ʵˣͼǰͣһʽŴްǰϴ˳žŲش
պ˵ߣС·
ʽӦһûǰһ˻켴ڼž
ѩһôˣ˭
պųԯǰĿһᣬʲôŹճʽߣ
ӹѹʯϣ˰Ȧӣһ˳ű±ۿȥ
һ˸߲ҵӡ
ڻպֵܣģһ׻ܰмҲס˭˵ģ
ѩɵأô¾ˣҪȻƾ̷˪ɡôˣܻ
պǴŪģ
ѩɷҪ˵ȴ֮ʱס˷ꪵĹİӡ
ڻպͰѺ󴰽ҿ濴ɫһ䣬ã׺ǣ
˵ţͷýųǰ죡죡
ϳųӣɣ
ĳӹȻ죬Ǻ죡
·ϻϵиһ̵ĹѾ׷ˡ
ڻպҹԣһ˫ҹۣʱۿһӣʱԾصã̷ͷ׺ˣ
ѩһģ
պſںϸؿţȻϡؿһźɫ멵˲ɵر۹߾ԭǼԶתۼ䣬׷˽ǰ
ھѩҲؿ׷Ǹˡ
̷ү˭
һ󾪾壬ϮŶˣʱĻ裬ɲǼƮ˾⣡
ôǺãպŵˣĪʶˣ
ѩҡҡͷܣֻϼһûźģ
˵ţĴƤӣصժһ˫̥С乭ɼ˰ڼϣಣಣಣһ
֧ɳֱīҹɫۣϵ̷үǺεͼӭ֧ƣ˫һ⣬ƷƳȥ
֧ȴ߶Ҳûţ켴ڼžʱ߼ľҡ
ϵ̷ᣬһ˫տտעǰһЦѩɣôϷǮô߿ûôף
˵ʱұȻǰƳһмһɷ﷢
ӴᣬһӴʱȻһһ˹
ڵĸѩһһ̷䣬ڶȴǰ֮ϡһȻãֻƥǰһϵ̷ǰһԣۿż׹䡣ͷȻϾзǳĹ
һһ֮䣬ϵ̷ᷢһɳƵŭֻƤһȴͬһֻӥȻڿն
ƳֻƣٴεϮǰ泵ᣬʹǰĳᣬٴξҵ̷ڿۿż¡
ʯһɲǼ䣬ԲමشܳһӰӰÿ죬ü
ֱǿ쵽ޣ
Ȼǳſ̷ģͬʸҲƵӣֻһѺͿе̷үӭһ顣˫Ӷô죡
Ǹ˺̷潻֣ͷһͷֻ¶һ˫۾ҹѿһ۰צ
̷үǰٵӣȻֵһɲǣƺѾַ
Ȼߣ
һ־ּΪġ̷֡үӾһȵĸ֣Ȼ䣬зҲӭܣţáϸɷơڿһۣˣ˵һ˫֣˫˫ϵĴ멣ߡ
̷ү־ֿ֣ڶԷĹ£ͬߵķݰģŵƮȥ
Ǹսһг֣ٴƮƮһƬȴ̷үӵͷ˹ȥৡһÿ
̷ᾪէ֮£ٿԷӣƮ߰⡣
үӶʮ躹ޣԭžһɲǣȴΪǰֿͣޱŭ𡪡
ӸҶ
һ㣬áˡĽܳṦ䣬Ѵܵǰ󡪡
ᾢ˹ޱšӡĹǰͱȥ
Է˺ͨƵģƸոδĳһ˲֮䣬·ɵţٴͬƮص˳ȥ
̷ᡪ漼ָ֣һԸˣеѣмƵϵġ 







 

  
ھ¡ٻ 

ǰǰʩչṦʹλˣԵһ־֮⣡
ΪԼۡ
ǧȷģ̷үǵȿԷ˾Ȼ⣬ܲʹһ⡣
һ׷һݣתۼ١
ڳϵĸѩɺպֱ꣬ǿۡ
ǰš
˾긦ֱ֮У
ڻպпŵллأⲽѣ
ѩɷǸ˭ΪʲôҪǣ
պҡͷ֪
ѩɰ̾˿ȥһֱģ˭֪㿴˼֣Ǹ˼ҵͽͽ˼ҶҪǣ
պһΣǱסˣ
Ȼ뵽˿֮켴ֵҪ̷ͷ׷ôã
ѩһۣҡҡͷڣûпôǸ˵Ĺ򣬻Ҫ߹̷ͷ̷ͷﻹֵʲô˵Ҳˣ׷ֻ²ף
˭
ѩˣֵǣҪ̷߳ͷ࣬ȴԸ潻֣
ԡΪʲô
ôһᣬպҲˡ
ѩɲΪʩչıꪡƣʵ˼άҲ֮ڻպ˵ˡ
жֻڰ̷ͷտѡ૵Ϊʲôô
ڿӣҲ벻ʶһˣһˣ
Ȼųǰ壬Ըǰĳʽߣߡ
ʽǾ֮ƴسűӣƥ˵ǷӵļޣֱƵǰš
һӽϡ
㱼аʱеԲסԶط
ѩ飬ڳһߵر۾ڻպһȴȫɿˡ
ֵúСӡʢйġǻڶֲǸζ
ǰǸڣ
ʽˣСĵع˸䣬ش֣ӷһתȴͷϺں׹ʲô
ûпźӰ˳ǰϡʽһ̧ͷǰһˣȻǸղ̷үӵǸˡ
ǰԸʽֱ̫Ѿˣ֣Ǹϳİʽӡһӣǻȥˡ
ֻֽ֣ӻͣ
պСҲˣųô£ô£
»ãôһɴͣ²ˡ
պģ˯ˣ
ţһ߿ţӻȥŵһסˡ
ڳǰվһˡǸˡ
ѩɡպһʱɵˡ
˫ƵӣЦһѡ˵
ǡնԿһۣʲô˵ģ˼ָУװͿ
̵˳
ѩɱһȭųʿȣм
պŻ⣬Цʿֵܵľˣպһݣ
˵ش˸ȴǰһԣ⵱Ĵ񹧾
ѩɻعͷϿһۣɾͿ˳ʽ˯ĹģȻô¡
ɿһû̶ֵĴǡ
˹Цò˭ֻǣ̷׷Ǹʲô
ѩһЦԭġǾӪƤ̡
Ц˵
ǣѩɵ̷ĲǰƤ˱ˣ·¶֣
ںԣ
һΪҲ֪ôҪȵΪ͸һƽֻȴģ
ѩһãĪҲ̷ͬͷһ˼ıƺɣ
˵书ؼʶˣ̷£лⲻܴϷˣԼǾ͸̸
뵽ѩĶˣ
ֵ˼ǡ
Ǵ򿪴˵ŪһƤӣðǰħƭ̷Ҳδ̫һɣ
⡪ѩɳ֣ôѪˣƤô˵
һЦĿǰиҺԣƾͣ˵ɱ˰ħֻӰҲš
ڻպģ
˸ջ֣պϡȡһ죬һӣƵת˸Ȧͨһˤڵء
ѩһҪƣЦľͶ֣
ѩɵŵòҶˡ
һЦʵ˵ɣħɱġ
һǡնˣʱһ
˵ΪҪɱڳɽغ˶ʮһգЩɥצ֮£󼸾ղáơ席࣬ʹ
ЦһĿ⣬ֱֱرѩɵ֮һһҹۿ÷£ַһҹʱ䣬ȡǷƤƤһηηˮǱнؽ֮ܰ˼ѰƤܱ⣿Ц̷϶Ƥȴαܱ棬Ϊ˻ƭƽϴ˴󵱣Ϊʣв壬ճ˴ҲӦõıӦ
һ˵ĿиޱŭԲĸǡն˲ⷬ˵һһ󣬴ⷬһʱ
ɭɭطһЦ
ϴͷ֣ôһ࣬⼸Цȴʹǡն˴ޱȵĺ⣬ֶԷȻԼ֡
ʱסЦȥͷһֻǣʺΣԻͨǡֵǷƤ֮ϣˡ׹ǣЧ֮ǧ˲θй֮
һ٣Ŀѩɡ
ؽӵֻͨǣڱֻħѪ֪Ⱦޣܴ֮䱾ſȫͷ϶ϣԲʱ䱩ʬҰ
˭֪ȥ֮ʱŷֻͨǣȻΪȥ
ѩ϶ʱֳһڡ
ĿⶢѩɵˣҲ㣡
㡭ô֪ң
Ϊֻ֪һЩ㸸ǹˣ֪ϰԣǰ˵
ѩɺٺЦ֪ȸǸ³м̸ҵ֪ޣֻ֪ͨǱһ
һֻ֪һ֪
⻰ô˵
ֻ֪ͨǱһȴ֪¸һöͨ飬ͨ
˵̽뻳ȡһöСͬѼѵĺɫ͸ӡ
ʱ䣬һƬʶĿĺӳĵȫԳ࣡
Цһ˵ӣֻͨǼ֮ԣȴǴ֮ۣ֮
ǡն۶ˣⷬδδŵ񻰡
渵˵һЦ书ƽƽ˱СˣֻǶΪ֧ͨǼ֮ˣ
ѩЦĸⷬƽ׻㲻ɣ
Цһ˵㲻ô
һѵ˸ѩԣѩ˫áͯӰݹĴ򷨣˫һϣ˶֮
һѩֻһ˫ƻһһ㣬ɲǼʹķΣ·һ˫ƹǽڶˡ
ͬʱ䣬һԭϵǸѵ˶Էϣѩŭһٴƽǰһ¡
εǱ
ѩɶʱ;ǰһǽһ㣬þȴײȥ
޳ܵĶ纮صҲȡԼĶʲôٲʶȤ뿪ݹ飬
ֳڣ΢΢һͣѩһﶷط˳ȥ
ڻպڲټһѳ˴ﻹóȻ֣
˹ȥɵϰѸѩɲ
һͷشˣաȴ޿κΣ
ѩжദɰʯˣС֤֮ʵԷ˹Ȼ似ȺԼֱ޷ϲ÷ĽƱظȡ衣
޺޵ϲһЩѪЦ¼Ȼôһ򣬺αɣĿʾˣδʧֱɫ
һЦҪұĿô
˵̧һңѰͷϵĺڲժ
ѩɺ͡ڻպ꣬է˵ıĿʱ㶼һ

ԭ㣬ɣχѩɵһһɲǾŵɫ԰ס
ôҲ뵽ǸӭʱƤˣȻһ˼书
ɣχͷ֮ǰ˼ĵЦݣȻҵĿ֪ǵڶξ㣬Զ𱨣̷ͷļǮأ
ڻպԭΪԷĴ֮޿˿һʱĴţæ˸ѩһѣʾþա
ѩƽʧȥһ֧ͨǣȻвʣǺǰƣʵҲ޿κΡ
һЦֱȭ˵ɣⷬ䣬ûݲҺڣ
԰תߣպҲæɺȥ
ɣĿעŶ˱Ӱ૵ķˣֻ±ȴǲã
ҲͿǵ컯ˣ
ÿһ֣ȴش뵽ǡն˶С
Ӷһ£켴ǰС
ɣ켴Ϊʽӡ⿪Ѩݳȥ
ڻҰޱҹɫ˵죬ѵоƤ
̷˵Ľͷöо˵ļΪ֮һʱ·ȫĺë׶泩ſˡ
ﻹŵơ
ּڵµȺ̷ķأȻȴ󿪣һӰҲƵƮ裬쵽Ŀޣ
Ǳլ̷ᣬ۾źһۣЦһˣ
һģ켴
æǰŵصô£ǡ
̷ʰֽ⿪ڲ֮һ˿켴ϵһϮ
ȻŷһȾѪգɴһ˭µ֣
֪
̷һҡͷȴһֻܸ߸ߵؾŷȹؽҴһָҵѪۣȥǱ˵ģ
ǽˣԾʡ
ָˡ̷һ˵ţһ沢ָڽϡӿȪѨϸһָʱѪֹס࣡
ָˣȵصʲô˵ָܹĻǱ˾ͽ𣡡
ǣ̷ͷϴͷһȴɶ϶˾ͽϴ󣡡
ǻ˭
ǸͲˣ̷ԼҲܶ϶ҡҡͷֻôѣ
æó˵ҩΪϺãȻòΪס
̷֡𷽲˶ֵΣԲʤģ벻Ӽ֮أȻ˵ĸˣ
̾˿̧һƤ˹̫ˣ簲ΪУӣ
ô˵Զˣ
̾һ̷ỺصһͷЦ񣬰ˣԵˣԷζۣҪҵҲزˣ飬һָѣ
ǵѣ̿ɿóô
˵ѣҪѣĿˣҲòһָˣ
ǣǹˣֺα飿
̷Ұ˼⣡
ʵ̿Ʊȡ
̷Цҡҡͷ˶˲ֹ£ƱԼֻܽѵУôȻ˾ͽϴһߵˣ
˾ͽˣδ̫ˣбһһǹɵףôյֶΣ̣ҿԴУǾһʤ
̷һЦҺγû˼ֻ˾ͽһһȫмƻģǴҪŪɽˮѣǰһƴҲֻ֮ܣ
޺޵̾һͷңﻹǿħƤӣһ겻ˣ
ˣҵŷүˣ
̷æȣһЦʲô
ĵŷү˵кϢ棬ūѾ
˵ġŷүָҲǡѩп͡ŷ磬ԭ̷ƤӦɿһʵ˵̷үӵĸˣ벻һξȻҲ֮£Υ̷Ƥȫˡ̫ꡱ˾ͽһߡ
ʹ̷˷ǳŭһ£лû뵽һߣ˿̾һᣬ϶ʱƽŭ
ת̷̺βһ£ʲô˵ͷ
̷ͷ켴¡
ŷ롣
̷ῴҲһۣͷתһߣŷεرȭ˴εصλүԭµǵѡƤ£ʵԵĿԣ
Цŷ磬ҪرΪ¶Ȱɲأ
ŷ̾Ҳô˵ŷ޵ˣ
̷̲סһͳЦ֮ŷ磬㲻˵ˣǶʮĽӽһϣɣ
ŷһ죬Цүӣŷʮһֲ˼֮ˣֻǶԷ̫ߣȻĴ壬ȴѷŭ
һȻˣ㻹ʲô
ŷϴһƬα飬үӣкϢ棬ҹ¿ס˿Ϊ˽ȵǣ棡
̷ʱΪ֮һ
˵¿ͣҲǷƤģ
ŷ˵ܶ࣡Ϊ̷֪үǴëԼ˼
ôֻأе㻳ɵӡ
ԭҲңڳɽһרŸ⣬˵˴ƤǼ޷ȡһЩѣ
ԭ˽ʲô
ŷһһȥûģ
̷ЦƾʲôΪ˵滰
ү˵ǣŷһҲǿǴƷϹ
أ
ڿջŷҪү˵۵ģҪ첻̸ףǾԤˣ
ôʲô·ûУ
ˣΩͼǮ
⻰ô˵
Ƥǧٶ۲ʮӣһ飬䲻˵ˣȴҲ̸ϹΪǸûᣡ
ⷬȻ̷Ͻ˵ˣ
̷һ£ֻǡðɣôͿȥһˣģסǣӵٰš
ðɣ
¾ͬŷȥˡ
һɾĳ̷ҵĴ˷̸ŷ㡣
֮ѮˣСĸͷͷϴһƤСñһĶ۹ӣ˵ǵصĶȥ
Ϸʮ꣬Ũü̸ۣ֮䣬͸Ŵ
Ȼ֮ˡ
ʱͼŶԷ΢΢ЦֶҶڶλ̨ŰʮָмֻҪֵԹĿ֮󣬷ܾ
СǵʱЦү˵ﻰ⻹õ˵Ƥʹ˲ԶĲܼҿڣΪ̫࣬ᶯףݼĴڲܴ峤Ļʱ
ϷӵƷʣǿԱ֤ãյ󣡼ǮҲʵڣʮӣһҲ٣
صֶո˼һӵͷȱ̸ֽˣɷñֶϵĵ۴ɽ
Ŷһᣬһߣ͸ȥ
һתء
ǿԱͨģɷ͹һ£
ͷкβɡ
˵꣬켴ȡһƽУΪ̷ҵ˷£ҲͲ̷̷˽˵꣬Լ΢ϵʵɵؿԳƵǰˡ̷ҵķһֱȫȨ֧䡣
Ȼ֧ôӴһʷʱĵȻǼΪأΪͼ϶ϲԵ۳ֽ
ڣǵȡŵȻŵó֮һݹȥӹչġ
ȻǼٵģ
ϸнճ֧˾ĴطĿдúдĶʱۺֵֽʮӡ
Ŷ˹һᣬ΢Ц˫ַϣлллл࣬࣡
һЦôھͿȥɣ
Ŷͬʱվŷмܣһ˳⡣
ѱһԸһܼҼ˳ֱȥ
ܼҼǡ롱ò˰ʱ˼ӡ
ܴ峤Ǳһ󻧣еӽ졢ζʮʮ䣬Ųٹ
롱̷˭˲֪Ǹ˲ڣҲ춣
ԣܼԺ󣬲ܴ峤ԽӴִһ´֮󣬾ɲܴ峤ͷͬšŷԼôˣһͬԺֿȥ
ǰţյ⡣ټԺﾲĵûһˣֻҹ紵ҷ΢Х
ڽн֮ƣ̷֮˷Ժ˳ᢣʹ̷ˣ꣬ȵ̽磬õˡƤһƺţ
ȻŹ֮ĳ侲ϸǮƵõǡôһǧɫ֮զ࣬ǵȾ޴ʽ֮󣬲£ڸ̵ʱؽиıϢ
ѻ̷øԲҪѯ̷ͬ⣬̷ֱµκβҵ벻ڡ
ͬڣҪ̷һʴģĽˡ
ʽɹԽ⿪̷ǰ֮ΣҸԴ̷ҵҳ˲̷ҵƲ֮ʣѳشĴǰ;ɾͲˣ
Ȼϵˡ
ѹ۲ŷˣԷ̷жʮˣȻһĻ˱ˣϸ˵ֻܹԼ̴ⷽùھϸȴֶԷš
ԣŷĳ⣬ɣ
ôܴ峤ءɾͲˡ
йλå峤ִ˵Ÿ˽ΣҲйˣطߵĴ˵һ˵Ȼʲô¶ģ
Դһ˵ôһˣɾֵСġ
ٿˡ˿˵İˣ
İˣһǲ̫εġ
ǰôһ£ΪʹҲԼĶ֣
һ˻ǰƵĳһվƹˡ
ܴ峤ͳһԿףҲ֪һ˼ŰѻֵŪˡ
ţƤƹ֮£ۣӪӪܣĿޣ
һЦ˵ܹ룡
ͷڡŶˣңŷͲܴ峤
Ȼǳһ
ǰôô࣬ôõһƤ纣Ҳ޲߱
ЩƤǰҪĶ
ֵƤ˵ľǼ˼飬Ҳʵ벻ˡѩɺ͡ѩп͡ŷƤ⣬ʲô˻˴ƤӦ˭
ˣǴӵƤͷӣԼûиţôֻ˭Ǿ㲻ţǰǰЩƤȴģֲɵ㲻š
񼸺ΪǰЩƤǼٵˣ
߹ȥϸϸؼһƤȻϺõϣÿһƤӵĽϣϵһ첼
һΪֱ־ϤģӡӦŷһ˵ı־
ͷһʱɲסعͷŷ磬ŷȻҲˡ

סһ߹ȥǰһƤعǰסЩƤ˾ͽģôᡭ
ʱһ˵ʱʱ죬ĿոսӴһɲǣŶѸŷͬʱַѡ
˭Ҳû뵽ģ
ˣվң̿˵ߣȻ֣ŷֱ޴ӷ
Ŷ˿ٵһʽ˫ֻŷ˫֮䡣
ŷĪļӺ׹УȵоʱѾʧȥ˻ֵ
ˣȻʲô˲֣˳ֵĶϿȻǲ֣Ƕϣ൱ġǽ񹦡ֹǲģ
һе֣˳һֻ֣ȻذγڴѪŷһĲ
һ˫ŭ͹ӣؿҡϵ
ˣ
ڵѪһ켴
һؼӭȥһѷס˲Ϣ£ˣԲͬķȻźǰϮͬʩչ˫֡
ľź߲
ܴ峤ƺϵдһ֣Ŷһֵĵѷɿ˳˲ֿ⡣
ͬʱֿȴš顱һ¹ˡ
ǰ˶Ըֶ족ﲨʱѾˣ侭̷ϸҽΣһֻ첲㱣ȫסûзˣǽ֮Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ˣĶ֡
Σһ˲֮䣬ͼ˫ٿһ֣˫˫ץסŶ˵ݳ֣һ󵨣
˫һ˵ӱˤ顱ˤҵϡ
񶸵áԧӽšۣۣһȣӭߵõϴ˸ȴƺһźϮ
ʩչڼеײƹ˫һݳһɼֱֻź񱳺
ǰһǰؼƽ˫ƣʱ˿գӣǰһɺϷ˹ȥ
ĺ޼ˣ¾飬ǰһɲ֮䣬һתͬʱƫУõͷ֮ϣʱһƽУӵ˹ȥһغ
һмȿֺݣǺݶ˼㣡
һ֮Ѹٵػȥʱȴñһɼ֮ϮݲúתֻһʹΪһöİ˸С
һöϸţëĶ̴̣룬ϸâһˣʱ뼡֮ڣֻϰһ飬Ͷá
ְϤģҲֻϧڰѶá
ǰӰһһԱӸƮǰڴͬʱеһ֧ӡۡһѵϡ
Ȼ飬ٵĸоȻע⵽ǰˣԼսݵֵܣΪԼּϹ˫Ŀġ硱ʱѪ·𱻱סһ㣡
ʱֳһԿƵŭݣһ˫ŭ͹Ϲӣעںϡ
ȫڴһɲǣҲһ󼱾Ĳ
㻹ϵô
㡪ɫұŵϰˣ
ϰˣ췢һЦҹɣڶУ֮У
㻹ϵϰˣ
һ췢ڵ⣬ĥҧţǻһѪĸо
ʮˣ˵ÿһÿһҹҶиһ죬첻ˣԩҼˣ
ʤظ̾һʶؾ˲
Цһ£˵ϰˣʮǰʧ֡̾һȥӣ·ǵѡϰˣѵ֪ô
Цţ̫ˣΪֵ֮ңɾʹشˣ
ɫһȻ
Ȼ̾˿֣Ҳûʲô˵ģ㿴Űɣ
һ²ֽӵʹɣ
ʹ죿
һӹЦ
ʮɥ֮ʹ̸ʲôʹ죡Ҫһɱ㣬ǿɾδ̫ˣ
Ҫôأ
оԭϵԣʱƺѾ˺ֻܶ࣬ǶԷǸȴ׼ֺݵصԼѨ֮ϣȻʩչǶѨַʹһĪչ
ĻһһӹЦ
Ҫģǲɱģ
תһߵ˭û
æǰĵҵģң
ԭϾԴ̷뿪ġɽ˺塰ʮ
ϣƽ֮󣬾֮Уʣˡ
µˣӴףġϾΪɲǡ
νɲǡߣΪ̫ꡱ˾ͽ𡢡ֶ족ﲨǡХɽĿޡǡάˡ
ԭеڰˣھ֮¸ΪģСү֮ƺ
Ŀޡʱ֪֮һЦأ
ˣ
źүΪŶ𣬰ʬΣ
ĹؿЦһ֪ʲôҵİ֣Ƿ֮ܰΪ˰ϧȴҪЩʱ򣡡
һ£֪λشźá
һЦ֣̽ڣȡǸװ̷еУ뻳ڡ
񿴵סĿһ̾
֪֮ڵŽϵ̷ǰпԱȫƲˡ
ȻȻı飬ȴ̾Ϣ֮ʱ˵һЦ
طԸѿŴ
ΩǴӵӦһǰߵ˼
Ĳܴ峤켴Ŵ򿪡
ȻϵԸоʧΪԷͷסѨǶԷɿȣԼֺܶ 







 

  
ʮ¡Ѫ 

ɼֶУ̬Ĳȴ²ԷҪһʲôַԸԼ
ûݵ죬˺ëȻһЦ
ߣڵֵһ⣬ҾƷ뿪Σ
һЦֻδĿһ
ɷһԼȳ׷
ǣҾлˡ
Į˵仰Ȼźɡ
Ҫллңصȴʱ򣡡
ʲôʱ򣿡
˵ʱȴѾɼﴫɱ뵽˴ĺɲסЩսľδ
ߣģм仰Ҫ㣬ȴҪɾͻزȥˡ
ֻտտ˫ĿעŶԷҪ˵Щʲô
ĿޡǲܼҼźֱֻߣǱӣǰﾣ޼һʧȥ˫ĿˣǺΣյģ
񶸵һ⡣
Ҫʲô
ʲôصʱ㻹֪Ҫʲô
ֿ̧֣ʳָָ¶Ķ񶾵ɱ

ҪһȳϹ۵ζһ䣬ָѷɵֱк˫ͫ
ոһ书ֻǴ˿̡ΪޣΪ⡱۴⣬ߡ
ѪŭУһ˫ָٵذγƣһ˫ѹڵء
ڴͬʱӣȴͬ泷еȣҲͬʱ뿪˺ġĿѨ
ʹʧ˫Ŀʱ鲻ԽطһС
͸ǰļ
ԣڼȻճȵͬʱȴڳǵĴʹ֮ʱɽƣ޴ֱż˵ƣ͹ȥ
š硱֪ж֮ݡ
ֻǺɽưءȴǷͬ졣
ôӣȻΪƷϮС
һĸֵɨһ㣬´⣬նһƬ
͵һ˶ѼɽƤϡ
һʱƤ֮ʹŭϰż⣬֮ںϵĽ
ʧȥ԰ţѪرĿ˫ʧȥͫӵ۾ı۵ΣƵƵӶ˫ơ
ı죬·ⷿҪ
ϰˣúݵģ
ֵĹǾƴɣ
˺ڻϵļȴһҲ
Ȼ۾˫ȴܼͬӵãóԷǱľ󡪡
һɲǣеˡ
ѹĵĳޣһ˲䣬˳ֵķй
Դ˿̳֣˳˺
ƫƫҪ
ڣһƴ֮äĿس˳ȥ
غڿⷿǲܴ峤Ϊлɳˣﳸһڸֵӭź˳Ӷһ
˵äĿ״ֵ̬ܾˣʹʧȥ˫ĿҲڳ˵ĸд
Բܴ峤һΪ֮ǵݳüޱȣлûнӴͷΪ̧ץסֵֻ֡
ܴ峤һᵶȴ
ƽһ޳ܵĶէӣͬһڸֵ㣬ڲܴ峤Ĳ֮ϡ
ֻáһһ䲻Ѳܴ峤ͷ䣬ǳȴѲܴ峤ǣ۶ϡ
ܴ峤ԡһһͷȥʱһغ
ʱʰ˲ܴ峤ϵĸֵ˿̱ҹһʱͷࡣ
νɽڣûաɥʧ˫Ŀ֮󣬺ȻϧĿɹ
һɲǣҪӵûˡ
㣬趯ϵǿڸֵĴģϹҺ뿪˲ܼҼ
һжǵúõȦףغ̷һ棬ɳ˴
״Ѫ˵رܼҼ
·ҪĹգʵ൱Ϥ
ֻǣһʧ˫ĿɹȻΪڰ˵ǸоĲ㡣
һ󼲱֮󣬲òͣ½Ų
һƬҰһǿȷģֻǰɾ˵бӣǶһ
һϹ˵ȷ̫ΣˣǶһȻʧȥ۾Ϲ˵Ǿ͸ˡ
վаյ֮ã½š
ʧȥͫӵһ˫ۿȾѪˮ
ޣޣ
գգ
˵䡢ŭޡޡ˶ĸдһʱϮʹΪ֮ľˡ
̧䣬һϵѪʼǰС
ȴһ͹ʯһӣĵԼš
ʤǱһʱôգȻ䣬ʹʧȥӵֱ£
޵룬ת˲仯ΪǻıߣХһƲչٿٿǰֱȥ
ʱ壬޲һͷײ
ƫƫǰһ裬һֱײȻһ谭
ϢŶӣ֮޸ˣ޷ݣһӼͼȥֲ֮ˡ
ʵϣǰ˱ӵıԵǰʱֻ̤գһʱ㲻ͨһ׹չ޼ıˮ֮ڡ
ԭṦ֮ˣֻ޴˿̻ӣʧȴȻһ̤գѣۿȫ³𶥡
ֵһǧ֮䣬ԺӰһ˿С
˵ǰΩһĶˣȻϴһץסһˡַץΣʱһ񣬲ûһˮ죬ټһˣһϹĴ㣬󣬸߸켴ƽȵ˵ϡ
˿Ǳˣȫˮܵģ·ִ٣Ҳǲм䣬һˮʱٳҹһϮɲס˸һ˼硣
أԽץǸһˣȴȻץһ˵С
Ŀ⾼עȻͬ飬ȴ
ʱһЦȥпʱ޾ڣһ֮Ȼ³ʵ˿
񶸵һһ˫Ѫۿ˭֮ӦлֻǺĳһӲӲϧֻΪ£Ǿʹɲˣ
ԭĴӵһʱתΪࡣ
ʿɱ裡
;ĩ·֮ʣأԲʾˣֻǣȴҲ塣
ȶ̷˱֮ɼǰĴ½ˡ
ȻһԭˣΪˣŲԸ侮ʯˮ
ʹĴˣิˡ
ֱֱעź񡪡֮Сߡһⷬȣӣֻϧ
˵ʱѻס
񾡹ȫȴ˶Է˵ÿһ仰
ʱһ£ֻϧʲô
̾Ϣһֻϧзǣ˽յĻ򣬳һ
ЦĪ˾ͽһô
˺䲻˾ͽһȴҲһ·ġ
ʴ
ˡߡһĿдϧǰĺ񡪡һ̷ֱ֣˳ᢣ֮ƣ̷еÿһ£ǳıҲٲ˵ڡ
˵֮ıӦòΪ֮
һʼ˵֮ʱ任ɤӣʹһĿȫͬԺþȴҲֱ治
עź֮һ仰Ҫ̡
˿ڹԵһԪ֮עȫյȴá
ʱ֮£뷢ʣ֪޲ԣ
صǺܾǰˣصǽɵأˣǵʱһƺʩپ٣
Ȼһ䡣
˵ţһһͷй飬ֻ֪ú١
˺ش˺ļߣһֱֱ˵Ҫڣ
޲ܰƸһԸʹһʱ֮ǰлԴﵽȴƺһˡ
㵽˭
Щغּǰֻϣܾʵң
ΪʲôҪ㣿
ΪҾ
Ʊú˹ĵЦһ£ŵһ仰Ӧúܻɣ
ͷһ¡
Է˵òҪǿ̣Ǹ¼ĳңֺαؾԼȻԼƺûɱԼıҪ
һ㣬ͷðɣҪЩʲô
˵ҽһ̸
˵ϵѺ˸̸
˶һ£֪Ƥپ˰Σ
һ£һ˫ѪŶ֪ˣĪλɣ
Цʶ
ԼҲҡҡͷΪǸɣԵƤˣǰˣ̫Զˡ
ڱܲк֮ѻң£õˣƬİƲһС
һ£Ȼص˵ȷ˰ģ
ɫһ񣬵˵ĪҲܶô
һګګҡôԶԣ
߽һý϶Ŀˣһǲǣ
һЦ˵ˣ
ô᣿ʵһ˲߻һ֣ô
ɫһ¡
ȻڣտտĿ⣬ȻܶϤһСһ΢ıҲӹϸĵĹ۲֮¡
˭һ䡣
Цһˣ㲻ʶô
ҡľګЦһ£ګګڿЦˣ
һ̷һպ̷ľǽƤ̷ᣬպȻǸ²ˣ
һЦһɺԣ
˵仰֮ǰ֪Էվĵλһڣ˫ͬʩչɽƵƹǰȫ
ȻǾĪ֣ںδ֮ǰȶϤ˶ԷͼĻ
ʱնӭŶԷƳƷ磬еһƥӰΡ
һȻƮƾ죬ֱݺԻԺ֮ˣȻʱ䶼ûУ
˵˫ơۡһѾְں˫֮ϡ
£߳һʱ
Цһ˵ƾ֣ҪҳУֻ»ÿųɡ
̾һɥص־ˣֺĳһʹɣ
ڻ˵Ҵ˿Ҳûɱ˼̷ֻ֪ͷɱٵľ
˰ΣЦҡҡͷ¹Ǩ»̸ʲô
ȻҪ̸
˵仰ʱ쳣䣬Υ˼
̾һҡҡͷ±Ǩ̫ˡҪ˲֪ǼĪΪðɡҾ͸ɣ
ʵپ˭ɱģ
̷ҡ
˭µ֣
̷
أ
Ҳֱ֣ǡҲѲ˸ϵ
˵ļƻ
Ҳô˵ɣ
ΪʲôҪôԵúܼ˵𣿡
ûСûСƵƵҡͷ̳ϵֶΡ
ʲô̳ϵֶΣ
پټҴҵ̫ռˣ˲롪
˵΢΢һ£ʱ̷ԴƤҵپٲֲٰѣԴС
ԭˣһߣ˵ôһǵͲˣǣ
Цһ£ǵǲֱ޷ά֣
أ
ҧһݣʱ̷Ƥҵ磬ʼֻƤӦ̣·תӪƤꡣ벻پѹԵĴϸ磬һ±ʹǼƤпŲ꣬ʹҴҵˣ
⻰ģ
Ȼģ
ãص˵ȥ
ʮڵĻһ˵ˣҪֹͣҲǲܣһʱϲסʱش
̷棬κپĶԣŲò´˶֡
ôµ֣
һ̾Ϣͣһ
ġ˵پһͱڳһ檡
Ǻɹðɣ
סһô֪
ضʣ˵ȥˣ
ǺɹáپٶǸɹãٰĳ谮ʱʱʢģپÿɺɹã˲ʳ档
һ£һʱ̫ˣҲеģˣǣⲻһͨ飬ǲǵġ
һҹ̷װΪҵĳġǰɱ˳ǸСܸĸģҶ˾ð
λĪϹӲɣ
ĳž꣬עڳǰϵĳ͸ࡣ
ɹÿͬȥ
ͬȥˣٹ˳ķԸȥ
ϴһƬЦ˿Ǫڵı顣
̷䣬ǰºһǲ¶һЩۼڳ;УɱپٺǸŮˡ
ֻôף
ף
ʮֽӽˣȴ޴ӿ
ѾǸϹӡһոµӡ󣬲ʱش̼ʹÿͼҪ˵ʱ򣬾ͻһµĴʹ
оǸЦˡ
˵书ոѾ̹ˣ򲻵ѣҪȡԼʱٴԷ֡
һɺԣñȱ˵˰죬ʼʵ
ʲôҲûѾԳӡ
Цһû书ô
⡭
֪˵٣ǳ̽ˣʵȴǵɵմĸ̷֣ʱ书ֻ֣Ҳپٵĵ֣
һѪ۾ھԷ֪
ǡģȷ书
֮书ǲ̷ֵ֮ģ̷ô»Ҫװࣿ²Ǻô
ĬĬصͷûп͵Ĭˡ
ֵУǸɹҲûԲԣ
һ£Ҳûп
ȻҲڳˡ
λ̷ǬԪǲģǣʶʧ֮Ķ֣Ҳԣ
񼸺ŵҪվ
ô֪
ǲؽҪֻҲǣ
ȷˣʱ򣬺һ˵һˡ
Ϊˡ߹ɢһֻе֮һ;ˣ
˺Ϳ֮᷸
ҾͲ֪ˣ
˵һֻ˺ļϣ֮ڣ˲ɿܵһ
ڸһͺȫӴĵȫһֻʹñߡ
һ
ˡʹɫ׵صһ˵ֻһ£
˵ɣ
֮󣬴һ
ߣһδÿɷ񣬵ںȴΪǴӦˡ
Ȼ˵پȻ似տǣ⣬ȴڡ
⻰ô˵
߹ɢǴͨ˷ȥġ
˴һ£ֳԾĿǵͨ˭
ͨǡǡ˵ҡҡͷÿ˿ֵ£αطҪʵôɣ
˵ǷǺڰҪģ˵ɣ
Ŀʳˮҡͷ˵ҡҲ˵˵
һҪ˵
ΪʲôһҪ˵ЦҼ֮ģֺαҪĿţ
˵ΪǼɥ飬㲻˵Զᱻ˵ԶΪ֪ǲƽģ
һѪ˭ƽ
ȥپ٣Լŵϼ
˵˵е㷢ˡ
ϼһϻм
ÿ˶мҲ⣡
һ£ƫͷһ̣ڸŵðɡֻҪĲҵĻϼҾ͸һ飡
˵ͷҿԴӦ㣬Щ͸¶κˣܿɷ˰ɣ
㷢ģ
Υԣģ
֪˶ԼΪӣһڣ޷ڣ
ҪҴͨ˭ô
ǣ
Ǻɹã
ɹãȻһ˵İ檣
پٵİ檣ǰȴǵġ
ǰǡ
ɹաǽͷɵĶŮ
һ㣬Ȼ˲֪֮޴Ӵ
ʱɹýСս赡
ԭҧһݡ
ҲپѸߣҲǺɹö̷ҿɾͲˣǰȴֻͷ֪ˡ
һ£ɫΪµصô˵ɹı׷֮ӣ
Ҳô˵ǰ߹ɢǺɹ͵ŽͷÿձʳУͷ֪ʳȥһʣ
˵ͷô˵һˣλͷȻ֪ͷ檣ȻṴˣı˵Ԫ״񣡡
̾һ˵Ӧһȫ˽ˡ
һв֮ԵýǰΪص֮󣬺ɹõôˣ
ѽﰵһĪǻ֪ô
ļ磬˵
ҡҡͷɥصɹáӦóƺΪշˣԴ뿪ͷ֮ҡһ伴Ϊ̷İ檣Դ˶أʮ̷빲Ӱ롭
ʤпؽȥׯ硢󷽡ʮ̷װأʹ̷ڴҵ޺֮ǡ
һЦı׷ļˣҲ˿ô
ֵܣ˵ص󡭡㲻˽һ˵ʼĩĪ¶ʮԹۣ֤λշȴˡ
˵˵
˵ʲô
˵շֻǷ߹ɢδϼǻɱͷºȷĲѡ
Ҳ޲£ɭɭصȻѲ˰״ӷ
㡭Щʲô˼Ȼһ㵽˭
һЦЦô
ѾˣαػҪٹ˼ң
ͷˡ侲һˣǽҹ·ϲпĴʵʹ˷磬ڴﵽĵز
˻δȻҪһʸ
ʵǼȻɱүܿԾʹ˰ˣαػҪɱү
߿ڡ
߿ʲô
ү书ѷϴϴùˣȴһ߿ڣºɹΪ
ɹʲôϵ
ȻйϵɹóүΪ檣үƤĴýүʶлܣܷŵùɹáԷֲɣ
ǵҲ̫ˣºɹ֪֪
֪ҡͷֱֻڣǲ֪
ĬĬصͷˮ˳¡
ɲסף壬̫ˣֱҲǵ򣡡
һЦ¿ˣʲôҪô
ˡ˻վǰȴһ裬ºȻʶı϶ϵǣ
һ⡪ⲻܰɣ
˵׿̷˪ɵĶַǬԪ⣬λүʩ֮Ǿǲ֪
⡭ģ
Ȼģ˵ʱΪүˣʵֻʩչǣ
һθֵԾˡ
Цȵ뿪֮λүתģӰε˵ӣ˵֮ͣ˰գˡ
һЦ⻰šү֪£͸ٸ潭뵱ʱһ壬ݵҶңʮ֮ã
˵úã˹ЦֻλүȴΪǼһ˽£Ϊ֪ӴԺλ˱лͣһ̺ˣҪΪ߸𣡡
ٺһЦ⻰ɾ˵ˣ֪϶϶к󰡣
ûô
˼꣬ºݺɹ˵үһӣǲʱףߡ
ӣЦһ˼Ȼɱˣȴնݳ׻Ҳ֪ǷɱߵĴɣ
̾һҶˣǶ϶ϷŲǸӵģ
Ϊʲô
ΪǺɹÿధҪΪһ޵̷ҵĶˡҶ˵ʱһ£ΪСӼȷϴӣ޷죬һʱ˴Ҳˡ
ʹˣ
Ϊʲô
˳ЦһүӣȴүӣүӣȴҪƺүһְ֣
ګګ⡭ʲô˵һòã
һЦΪ򵥣ΪСүΩһãΪүӣ棬үͰ͵ֱֳΪ丸үΪ常ˣ
˰죬ګګԭ
һЦʱӲ䣬ǶʮĽ죬СӦһˡ
⺢ӻô
ӦýڣѵһЦһڣ
书ô
ѧԨԴֵǱ淮Դڣв书ĵ
͸ˡ
õǡ˻ȥСӾ˵Ѿǳ̣ʼѰĺҲҪҵˣʹܾĥΪȥĸ׺帴𣡡
һסЦ
һЦһʲôЦģ
С̫ˣ
˻
룬ǰҾͽҪУ̷ҲҪ˾ͽһջ֣֮СⷬѪǰˣ
һЦưɣҲķչˡ
һˣ
ָԼ˫Ŀˣ˫ӣǻ˵Ľ
һЦǣ㲢û
һӦȫһġ
ûдӦ㣡ǵˣһҪȥ߰ɣ
˵һ˫ͻźһģʱָ΢ͦѵں񱳺־Ѩϡ
ֻȫһһԣʱ²ʡ
һЦһֻ֣ذѺ
¹һƬ˵
˷ˣǸƤˡɣԡ
һյµƣҡĿͷɣصڷš
ҹԵôĲƽ
̫ʮǰѪ಻ΪԼ֪£һҿˣȴʹ꣬޲
̷ᡢɱԼĴ˲ˡ
ɹáǽ̷ˡ
һ뵽ɣľ鲻Խظֳڵһˡ
ǺεȶׯһˣȻ괮ͨı׷ĶŮˣ
Ǻ׿ڵɣҲš
ϾһʵӶǸá̷ҴС㡪̷֥ҲǺɹô̷֮ˡ
뵽ߵ׽ŪеЩЦԷǡ
ңЩһʼʱ֪ˣǸ;ǽʱϾͿһȫͻȻ׼
ĶӦһͬʣŮҪ侲ǵ˼һУҪһ鷸ƲкԼ˵Ĺ֡״ӷÿһ˶õӦеĳͷ
һһѾʼˡ
ǰѴﵽĿԤڵĸЧ
Ҳįį˸У
һԭҸļңҪ֮£ʼһ߽
ɺϵǣָȻ롰ɲǡֶͬıϣֻĵĳﻮȴҪɲǸֶθ
˾ͽΪ׵ġɲǡϵĸӪԲֶε̷˽ʱֵϹۡ
ÿһʹ̷ͷʧ⡢۵£ʹʤ⡣
ȴɲɱ̷ˣֳ˱ҪԼ£ҪǹԼϥǰߵͷɥʧһ֮Լǡ
żϵĵյ°뵽
̼ǵԼһ꣬ĸҲԼĸǧҵԼԼ͵ˡɣ£ݾ˸Ϊĳɣԣ˺£Լͬ˸书ĸΩϢ̽Լ
ʮ꣬Լ书˺ܺõĵӣ˸ƺûʲôٿԴˡ
һ꣬Լ̽ĸĸӼ󲻼һ꣬ĸ׾ˡ
ĸʱ𡱶֣ǧҪԼ־ϰ䣬ҪԿп࣬Ϊˣ
ĸˣɣٻص˾˵ļңȴھǸݶĸˣģжд̡
ꡭ治֪Լôȥġ
ҲǾ˾ˣһжǸ׾衭ɣ뵽꣬ȹ磡
Լ׼˼׿飬һ˳ܣ˿Թԣҵǣ˾ϥǸƯıãʱʱԼ꺮ůʹԼڱѩĲпһЩο顣
뵽ɣԵ۾ɲסʪˣǰ˱þЦ˭ֻ뵽ǸŮӣȻǰ࣡
˸˵ڶ꣬óˣ޸һ鱦еٶСͶµģɲӡ
ȻĿеİɣԣȴ
ɣ̼ǵñʱı龰޵Ƶġ
óԺԼ򲻼ݾ裬ߣϴŸ׵һǧɽҼ˸׵ĶʦǱ淮
оʮˣѲͽͬԼĺ֮꣬˰ʱ䣬һ书㱾ڡ
ݷ˵Լһ书ԶԶ踸֮ϣΪսке
£ۣתۼȥˡ
ɣұ˴ϱʴ󲻸ˣ벻Ļ֮ƫƧԶС̽˳˵ټ
Ҫۿ̷ϢۿŴһԪ״񼴽Լϥʹ
֮У£ޱ߸ˡ
ԶŰӣһĸʱ
΢Ϲһ£ƿ˴ƮһƬͩҶɣ˳ӭǰʯſһ·̷ֱլ˱ȥ
̷Ҵŵơ
ش̷֮ῴȥƺЩѳֲסˡ
˫ĿѾҩźһ㲼һ硣
Դɣ԰Ȼ̷֮Ϊ⿪Ѩ߾һһᣬֱڣŸһ䡣
̷˰Σһ̫Ϳˣֻ֪֪ἰ̫ˣ
ŵҵʱһ˭֪ƫҪȫң
̷ɪСЩϵһˡ֪ɹá
˶Ҫܺ
̾һ޺޵صʮӢֻ¸ˮ
ҲǸζֱֻŲŰײͷһԡ
̷ʲôӣ
ҡҡͷЦԸܿͺˣ 







 

  
ʮһ¡ǰ· 

̷ȻԼ仰ʵöࡢɣΪʱǸϹӣȻԷ
겻󣬡ǺֱܹģϷ˿
̷ʱһͶˣ
ô£ګګʶˣ
̷Ỻ˿ͬһˡ
ˣ
ĪˡǸˣ
̷ԣҲ£һ˫üţ⵽ô£
ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳǲףǳһģֺαؾҡǳˡ
˵֮䣬ȴ룡
̷һҲһֱ벻ͨġΪʲôôҵǼ£Ϊʲô
Ȼһ£𡭡˾ĶӰɣ
̷һ¡
ȴҡҡͷԡپٺˣΪʲôҪң
̷˼Ȼˣǻ棬ǰ˾ͽ¡
˵ﳤ̾һЦҲδֺ̫ˣ޲һһǹ£ôͷʲô
뵽ʧȥһ˫ӣһʱȻޡߡźġôĸдһԵزֻ˫´Ϲ۾سţ˳
̡һθе˺£ګګصǰƣ̫ˡȴڰУ˶࣬ǡ
̷Цһ£ȫϡ뵽ٵյʮƤУ뵽˲ҵɥʧ뵽ǰİΣԺ಻룬δĿвһʱɫΪ֮Ȼ
ʲôҲûˡǿɬصǮˣҲûˣ˲зϡ
ʹ̶Ѫֻһʱ⡭Ҹ̫ˣپȥɣ
˵գٿؾһŶǹϻȥĶ죬̷죡
ֻ΢Ʈѵ˺ǰֻһץס˺ĸ첲
Ǹʲô̷۾ܽô
һʱͷ̲סʹ硭һôô
ȥ
£бӦ𡭡ֵǱӦǱӦѽ
˵ʹ
̷ŭ߳סڣô˵
ŴȻֹס˰Σվ
ӦӦ˵ִЦ
̷ŭˣ
ȷǷˣ֮£ǵȴؿЦһʱЦ
̷һغ߳ţȻֹⷬ嶯ѣ̾һһֵк񱳺ѨϣЦ֮ʣһӲ赹ڵء
ڶʱָֻ˰
̷Ŀﺬޱȵƺĳɫ
㣬Ī˽
̷֮ϣϵʵã̷԰ȫӻ̷кԹﻮߣһУ˫Ŀʧɥʧ޴档
ֻϹ˫ۣԹ׳ǻۣǸӣɾһ޿ȡˡ
̷һԼࣿǸʱը˵ʲôʱΪﲻͻΪԼ»
ʮۣ˴˼䲻˵ûи飬Ҳ빲ս飬Ҳѣ󡭡
ǣһһΪĳһ׸򹹳вʱ˴еοɾʹı䣬ڻٳһɱһضİ
̷һʱ˼άˡ
Ŀλ빲Ļ顢ֵܡ£ĸֳ˿µ
ѽ񣡡ỽŶԷ֣Ŀﷺɱ
Ϊֺʵǲòȫ㡪
һ䣬ٿǰĴȥ
شһЦ룬̷ԭҲ㲻ʲô
̷ᶸһһ㣬ʩչഩƵṦ顱һ̷Ŵһ֮ƣֻʵƣšСǡڼ͵˳ȥ
ԺǸˣҪһƵģֻէȻ֮£̷ʱоԷ֮棬ʹòŶԷϳϰ
ûῴԷǸʲô࣬˫һ֮£ǸȴʩչŵĹһ糵Ƶһתಡһ
ɫ֮£̷Ωһֻ˴һϮ£ε½ǣڿ﷢ࡱһ˵ǹӰһһǵٻ֮ϡ
мһ֣֪ûС
ֻƾһֽܳṦʹ̷Ŀ࿴ڿ˶ԷˣϷԼǸ͡
ô̷;Ҫٷָʤˡ
ƽֵİָɻ˵Ǿ޽еһ֪߼٣׽ĺ˵ʮҲֻʩչһΡ

һ̷ͷԸǸСڷ͡ͷӣ˫ʮ⣬ڷ͡ϣ̷İȳ֣֣ԶǸǿͷӣȴȻӲһùˣΪ̷İ˸š
ССһöȦӣʮⷢȻ롰ڷ֮͡ڡ
һȡʤĹؼʵڴˡº̷үһָ֡ɻͶء
Ƕǰһˣ̷үһֿұ쿰ΪƽһãһǰҪԷԼ֪Է书ǿ԰಻档
Ǹʩչһ׳족ṦԻ϶Ȼҹһֻ㣡
̷Ŵһϰǰ΢΢һһ򷨣ѷöȦ
ΪĸȦÿһöСָĥ÷ޱȣһ֣жǣһ
ҹп͹ȻְùƽδҲйԸⰵľ顣
öȦһӰ࣬һ£һһ
ճۣ޼᲻ݣöССĸȦƱӭƶ׹ʵȴˡ
ҹп͵ǽǸȦпգ͸ն༱δȫ֮ǰȦһƬϸļХһӿ
˶ȻƲһ
һ书֮ڴǧһ֮ʣڿеӣʩչһʽо
νоߣһڹṦߵľʽ
ֻģڿһǰɣ
ӷһ⧷֣һ˫áơľУѰ·һԸȦڵأǵеһöȦȴ̫ˡ
ʵ̷ַ֮΢ҲڵһöȦ
һ˫·Էֿδ£һɲǼ䣬öȦصֻáꡱһ͸ϵ·
ϿǴ·ѣʵֻ߱ΣǰǱ̬Ĵˡ
ڿһ֮һƬƮյĿҶ⡪
̷һеƣܾʹסֻ֣߳һ˫һ꣬áζʽơһƿƥಡһɼϮ˶Էǰ˫һһá˫ײַ֡˸֮ײȥ
ƺδ뵽ˣһʱȴҲе㾪ʧ롪
ߣƺе㲻ĿʾˣǸ˽֮䣬Ȼشͷ
̷˫Ƶֲֻǰݳץס̷һ˫ӡ
̷ʱȫһ𣬷Է˵͸Լһ˫ġѨ
ǰƳﻢղܣ̷ҪѶԷ˫֣ͷǵҪԷ͸Լ˫ǹɣ
֮£˿ɾһʱˡ
˹̷Ҳ뵽Ҫһ¶ԷϵˣǶԷͷúܵͣԼ˫֮ʩȷʵѼݵȫԾܡ
˫ͬʱһ£̷ͨͨһ˺ü
ֻǰһȣ֪ڹֹסѪ
⵱ڣԷǸذοնƮƮ׹Ժǽ֮⡣
ֻһɲǣ̷·һĲ棬ҲֻǾһƳˡ
̷æᵤǿڷһѪŭ߳һ𣬵Ժǽһ˲Է֮ززˣ
ɣӰˡӭԼķǰ
ɫӲ԰ףһϢǡΪ˵Եʡ
·ǵʱǵŵģʱȥһƬڣ
ԼǴ˰ɣ
һ˼켴롣ڰǧӭһΣʱʢ
˵ƣϨǧһ˫⻪̵ŴԼ˯齣ϸϸȥ
ȷⷿ
˻ԼĶȻԶ϶ԷĽһ
Ѿˡôţ߹ȥ˴
ڹشʱرע⵽һССĻۼȥָôһС
ɣ˼أ϶ⴰģһССۼ̤֮ôԴ룬Ṧ൱ɹˡ
ɣ΢΢һ˿Ц
ṦǻδܴﵽԼĵز
һɲǡ
ֻΪʲôҪЩʲô
ĪԼвذ¶ʲô˵Ĳ²⣿
뵽ЩɾͲܲʹɣһЩ֮ģ
ڵưǰһֻ̣²һƬͷһ߼Ϯ£ΪѪȾˡ
΢΢һϴһ˿Ц
ԴǼɣ㽭̣ԼڱϸˡȻԷʩչӵİҲֵĹʾȻԼǰְַ֮ˣһˣһʲôɣԵڻ벻ͨ˵ܲһ֮¡
·ѿŷһȫѪȾˣʵһѪ£
˴һССѪۣԼĪǳֻƿ֮ȫԷʺѪأѣ
ɣһ˴˼£Ѫֹ
ͷϺõĵҩ¾ҳЩ˴ȥ
һЦ
˵ٲȻŮӿ
ɣԴһ֮Ȼδȷڲһˣֻһɾ͹ʧ֮ˡ
һһͤͤŮȻҽǲԭ¹һЩȻΪɣԷ
һϮѩ׵磬ӵ㣬һ˫׵¹ƤѥЩ޳ȵģȷ˻͡
ЩȻˣ
ɣֻһۣס΢΢һ㡪ôˣ
ô
ǳǳһЦ⣬ŽŲ˽ǰ
ɣ̻¶е㲻˼ҴҺһϿ·£ϡ
ˡ̷֥΢΢һЦ㲻ҪںЩ˵
˵ʱɣԽ˵˶Էĳ¡
ɣһһʱ治֪ԼܣǡһľΣ
һСˣ¡һź˵
˵⼸仰ԷŮӼ϶ȻҲסʵȴô¡
λ̷ҵĴС㣬ûƵģֻһ˫ˮͫӷЦؿôһۣѰĿصԷ˴
аϸָ˴ᰴһ¡
۲ۣ۾ɵ˵ʵ
ɣһ飬üͷһ¡
һ㡣
̷֥һһ㣿ߣҿ۵úأ
ô֪
ҵȻ֪
˵һ£ְָ˾˴ԶһطҲɣķִ
أ
˵仰ʱɾе㲻ڵغˡ
ָͷֻᰴһ£Ͽ˻
ָʱ˳Ƶһʹо
ɣ̲סһ£ȴûг
ǲǣ
ɣ·ŮܲףȻرһ£°ź˵
̷֥һ˫Ŀصĸд⣬һתｿһصʲôڹˣ㻹̸Щ
Ŀһתһ̲̾סЦһ£һڰ·ҵʱ򣬿뵽Ůܲף
ɣԵأԲܾϸڡ
Ͷˣ̷֥ĿЦصһģ
ɣԲһ˵֮ǣ
ɣ֣治̷֪֥һ˵еʲô㲻֪
ɣҡҡͷ΢ӵƤ֮˰ˣ
̷֥Ƥ֮˵ǲΪ֮о綾ɣ㲻ɲ
ɣͬʱһģ
ҲһɲǣȻо˴һʹоҲ֡
̷֥һЦ˵Լɾˣ
ɣһЦ˵һ֪еʲôҩˣ͸棬ʤм֮
ҵȻ֪
һ˵һһ˫ӹ۲ŶԷصҲ֪ܽȣҿڣгô˰֮⣬ֶܹҩˣֻһ˶ѣ
ɣԵôʩչְж٣
Ҳֻһˣ
˭
ҵ˵ԭЦݵϣʱֳһƬ䡣
һЦȥɣ֣ҪģΪʲô
ɣ΢΢һЦþӣģǰҪȡ
̷֥ʱɫһ䣬صȻԴһҾͿЩԡҵг𣿡
ɣһЦĿ侫ʵֱ̫ˣˡ²֪𣡡
̷֥΢΢ҡһͷ૵񡭡ҵгĻֺαؾң
ɣԿЦһ£ݲ
̷֥ĿһתҼʶ书ҵĶ֣ҪɱҲһ£Ϊʲôٳٲϳ֣
ɣЦһ£Ȼһԣ
̷֥ѽ˵ô˵
޿ɷ棡
̷֥Ȼɣ
ɣһЦʲô֮ô
һ㡣
˵΢΢ŰͷһУһֵֻķ֧ԡ
΢΢˫ۣɻص㡪ʶһˣ
һɣԶسһֻȴ¶˿ۼ
дһʣ
仰ʱ˸ĹâŶԷ
̷֥΢΢һЦЩǵȻ̸ΪҪ
˵ŲɱƤȡһӶа
ǸСһɵСƿ⣬һϸͲ
ͲһˣͲڵһߴĸ롣
ɣԴӵϤо綾֮󣬼ԡ񹦡ȫľ񣬲ʹɢ硣
̷֥ʱһ룬ĿעɣԣȻ֪ҵֵΣȷ֪ҵָ֡ɻľʮֻùһΡ
Ŀ̺ǻۣһƬãȻֵ治˽⣬Ϊʲô´˶֣
ܼ򵥣ɣΪң
ҵʲô𣿡
û˵г𣡡
Ϊʲô֣
˵ҲﲻţɣԻĪصֻ׷һҹ˶𸮣
أ
𴳼ҵ˳һǴˣŶ֡
㣿
ŻûСɣ΢΢һ٣ֵﲻ˵ңһֱ֪
ôǲϣ˵ඣ
Ϊ˲ǰţ㻹ǲҪ˵ĺã
ɣԥһ£˵ǵǸŮ㻹ǻģ
̷֥̾Ϣһ
һƽ⣬ˣǶǰɣ˵ȴÿÿʧ顪
Ҳһɣӡ̫ˣγϡΪԼԺĲ²Դ룡
ֱڣɣͬһиˡȻкܶطʹɻ󣬿ȴǰרĹעȥ⵱ȻΪ̫۵Եʣ
ðɣګګصҲ˼Ҿˣ
ɣԲֳһЩмֻ̬΢΢һͷһμ治̫
㲻ҵ
ģɣݸһЦ¶˱籴һݡ
۾ĳʶע̷֥ؽȥɱҵĸףҵȫңʹұ֮࣬ЩܳΪһ޵ԭ򣬳⣬ǲ׶ĳ˻ĵģ
ٸƩѣ̷֥֪ôȴһ⣬ǶԷ˵Щʱ۾ﺬɱ˲
áҵܲɱ˰ɣҪȻжˣ
ﰵôţһ˫ĿԷ
ɣԵ۾Ҳڿ
ɣһЦһֱΪǲƭҵľӣ벻ȴ԰ˡ
̷֥һЦʵĪһӲʩù
Ҵ֡
Ϊ书̫ߵԵʡ̷֥ЦЦ˵˭ԼҼأҵһǰ㵱ŵĳ
ɣɣԿɬЦЦ
̷֥վˣҲҵС㣬Ů˼Ҳͺˣ
˵ϳĸɣزࡰѨϡ
۲ۣϸָҪǲͿ˵
ɣ׼
Լƽ˵Ůܲ䱸
ȻҲȷ̷֥Լ޶⣬Ҷٻɵ⣬ָȴǲҽܵģ
ԷǸŮӣһˣɲ
ⷬ⣬пɾԽӵСĽ䱸
ɵһԪ֮ע֮ڡ
˵̷֥Ĵ治죬¶һɲǼ䣬ɣȷھ֮¶Էأ
һע̷֥
֥ƺĻЦٻɣԡû־áѨ롣
֧עѨ֮ɣֻһ飬ʱá
һ󼱣һʱ䣬ֻȼһůȵĺˮ﷭ţʱھ˿
̷֥ü΢չһƬɫص㲻ضɱ˼ܻл֮
˵΢΢һЦеİָɻϣҸԼġ߳涾һմϣκ˶ӹʱ֮ڡڹߣҲӸʱѣ
˵ﻰסȴٴתһ¡
ɣԶʱ͸о٣·帹඼Ϊ֮ȼ
¡עᰲοʹܹġ
ҿɣԵ·Ŀע˴Ŭһ꣡㿴
ɣԴĿӣ˿֮ʳһЩɫŨѪ
Ŀãеţ벻ССһö֮ϣȻ֮綾
һŲǰ̷֥һƬм֮飡
̷֥ʱȫעɣ֮˾뱾֥һһ찤˶Էϡ
ɣԾʹ֮УȴҲоȻŵǰرԷɢļƷ˿Ӵġ
Ű͸ŮߵģüŨˣ׺ڿĶǰ˫һӣӵֳһչ
ͷʱ򣬿ؿһëŴӵķ㣬ʹȻоƤԡ
ЩɣԴ뿴ƫƫȴˡ
ǸӰˡ
һµĴȻϲˣԵһԼζŬȥ׷Ѱţ޼ɵȥ׷š
һֶôõ٣һοδ뵽˺˵Ĵ٣
ɣ΢΢ӣϸֳһ͵ʹ࣡
˵˴ʹ˵ǸʹȻ
Ҳʯ鲻ڴˣԡĴȴʹһսì֮С
ﷴ֡ӢϣֳһƬ
̷֥Ȼ
һ׵˿Сĵɣ˿µѪ
ϵѪǷ˿Ⱦ͸ˡ
ѪԽԽ죬ģɣҲо˴ľĸоʧˣ֮ʹо
̷֥ȻЦˣûˣ
˵ŤǸɫСƿ浹ɫҩ裬һɷۣɣ˴ɣԶʱ͸оһʵĸо
̷֥켴ɣһᣬվ
̷֥ᰴʱǲĺã
˵ϵһˮȻһҩɣɣԾͿȥ
벻ڹôߣ˵ҵ˵һְʹֽȣҲж磬඾ҲһӿԳ˵ġ벻㾹ԭô죡
ɣص⻹Ҫл飬Ҫлֻش
̷֥΢΢һ㶣һ˫۾֪㻹ҵղ˵ʵֻܹԼ˭ҹ˽լҵȻ֪˭Ȼ㡣
ɣʱһ˴סȻ󴩺·
̷ֻ֥Ǿؿ
ɣԴ·̷֥һݣл
̷֥ǰæ˫֣סӣɫ΢ЦҸ㣬ӦǸôл̫ҵ
ɣ˵㣬߲ɻΪһ̸
Ц̷֥һ˿̾Ȼδ״֮Ժ⣬ؽһ
ЦЦǸֵˣ
ɣԵﲻݺôô
̷֥˺һʵ˵רݷģ
Ϊʲô
ǡ̷֥΢ЦŵҲ´ˡ
˵޷
ðɣ̷֥ЦݵصȻҲҪ㣬ҵΪ˵Ҳûʲô
һ£ĿкעɣԵʵɣΪ㲻ɣ
ɣ΢΢һЦĬĬ
̷֥ĸ˵ĺˡ
ʲô
û˵
ɣԼЦҧһݣѺɹյ̷ݲͬʵȴһ˵Ůһɾͽסһǻŭ
˵㣬ʹǸġ
Ǹʲôˣ
̷֥΢΢ҡһͷҲҵһ˰ɡ
öǸ˵Щʲô
ʲôû˵̷֥΢΢һ̾ϢֻҡͷȻˡ
ɣһ£΢΢Цһ£Ҳõһ°ɣֻλĳһȴ˲⡣
Ҳǳú񡪡
˵̷֥ƺԻӣЦһ£㲻˽ˣƽٻģǵ뵽˹ȥǼ£ĵòˣһǵһοޡ
ĸҪģ
̷֥ҪҰвһ죬ǲ
͵͵ǱҷҵĶ
һ񡣡̷֥ڨڨЦЦ
ɣһЦòϸ֮ˣֻϧҴ˶󣡡
̷֥ϴˣ
ɣԵÿ㣬Ҫ㰵ɱң
̷֥һûСôô룿
ɣԲȻЦһ£ʵڲװһƬ̹Ȼӣʱվ򴰿ڡ
ƿ˴ӣһ
̷֥橸ȥôˣ
ɣĿںɳһ췱ǣһ̾
ĸ׽Щô
̷֥һ£ŵһЩ
Ҫ㲻ҪЩ㸸ף
̷֥ʱһ
ɣԻعһ˫Ƶӣһа
̷֥Ŀļ֮£Ųѡ
ԥһ£ڵ˵ͷ
ĸȷʵˣ
Ϊʲô
û˵˵ȻץסɣһֻӡɣԳüһ
ʲô
һڣԼѰ̷֥˫ַֿ
һ֪ΪʲôҰɣ̷֥ǺȻһƵģصҡЩΪʲô
ɣʮּصΪʲôȥĸף
ҡ
ˮϵһƬ顪ı顣
ɣһЦôܸʲô
һ֪Щ飡
ʲô֪
ƭˡ̷֥̲ס˹ץסһֻ֣ǺʩʼȻһƣ̷ֻ֥ػ䡣
̷֥Ȼ֪Է似ԼɵҪһһ̣ǿɾ̫ˡ
ãȻغ˼૵صûƭңһǸĺˡһһɣ
ɣ޿ɷ棡
㡭ΪʲôҪƭң
̷֥۾૵ص򼯣״ʲôġʲô
ɣͷ˫ͫˮ
صʵ޿ɷ棡
Ϊʲô˵Īǻʲô֮
ΪʲôȥĸףɣԲһƬЦǲġ
ðɣ̷֥̾ϢһվȻǶڣҾȥҸȥ
㲻ôģ
Ϊʲô̷֥صΪҸײң
ǵǡ
ɣ̾ϢһǸӢϣſµЦݣ㸸׻ģȴĸʧţ
̷֥ͷ˹Ȼϸ緢ʲô֪
թʵǧˡ
ʵҸԸʧĸףȥҸףֻΣ
ǸɣһЦô㸸׾ͻ㣬µĸ׸ġ
ʲôϵ
ϵˣɣص㸸ƽһܴ飬ԸҪ֪һҪʣܺĸס
˵ҵɱ
㸸Ϊˣⲻǲܵ飡
̷֥һЦðɣҾ˵͸¶ġ
㲻ô˵
Ϊʲô
ɣһЦôһܺĿԼˣ
̷֥ɫһ䣬˵ҵôˣ
ɣЦһˣôĽҲֻбʹһƴˣ
̷֥̾һҲҲˡ
ͷ̬һƬȻ
ţһҪ⿪̧ͷճյؿɣԵҰɣ
޿ɷ棡
ǰһ䣬һ飡
̷֥Цһ£ôİɣ
ɣҵЦ˼ǰǲһԡ
̷֥԰׵ϣһƬΣظ˹ȥ˵Ҹĸ׵㣿
ɣԶҹɫЦ˵̫ˣҿɲҳϣ
һʱ䣬ɫ쳣ᡢ񣬷·˸Ƶġ
ôô£̷֥ı顣
̷С㣬ɣԻعͷΩһԸҲɣ뵱ȥɣ
̷֥һ£ĮĮصһͷ
غ˼һʱҲ
磬ȻǶңȴ³ųնҰҵĸףҲҸףҪǴĲҾݣ
ˡ
ɣ˵⼸ȱ֣켴ĿڵյķǣҲعͷ
źȻƿ
̷֥ɫͨ죬΢ź߽ⷬʹþһ϶һ
վ쳣ϲõصˣ
̷֥ϵޣϵ磬һԲڴ
һҹĿɳ̷ۣ֥ȥԵúƣеǸ˭Ƶġ
ĸ׽һֻ֣۾ɢȰػ
˰ɣҽȥ׼Եȥ
̷֥ץסĸ׵ҲҼˣ 







 

  
ʮ¡ޱ 

һ£ɣԣ
̷֥ɣ
϶ʱɫ䣬ô֪
׿ڸҵģ
ס׿ڡϲΡΡλվ
¡̷֥վְȥ
˵Щʲôˣ
˵˺ܶࡣ
ˣ
̷֥ĸһۣصͷ
϶ʱɫһƬȻͷ
Ůͫӣעĸף۲첢Ϥκһ΢ķӦ
پٵĶӣ
پ١̷֥ظ֣С
˵ǲǣ
ϼʮָץŮ̷֥˸
پٵĶӣ
졭ġźһʱɫ״մסˡ
̷֥ҡĸף˵ôô
ϻȻһ丵ˮ鲻ԽͫӶ˳һ㻬
ܡϷֳһֻ§Ůӣ૵صԲ㡭ûٻȥˡӡ㡭
һסʼеڣƭĸףһʱе˷硣
ʲôţ
û˵
ԴӵһۿͲپٵĶӡү̫ˣ̫ˣ
پٵ˭
㲻֪ϻѹƵƵЦţǽϵһ
ǡƤ
̷֥Ƥô
ĨϵᣬʤصҲƤǡ
Ǻġپģҡ̫Բˣ
̷֥Ŀĸʹģе㲻ȥƫƫĴʹһҪҿյף
۾ᣬһ鴤ŵô£ҰɡҶ켱ˣ
ϺȻһ£Ⱦˮ۾Ź֥ճյص㻹֪
̷֥ƵƵͷ䡣
϶ʱɫһ־棬е𱸵ӡ
̷֥ĸףʹ޵ԭҡʲôû˵թġʵ̲סҿˣôһ£Ұɣ
һƬҵЦݣصͷô˵ҲپٵĶˡ
ֻʲôû˵
̾һͶˡپٵĶӡ
̷֥ѽصپٸﵽʲôϵ˭
̾һͷҪ˵ʵΣҪһĺܲԥ
Ϊʲô˵̷֥ϣپ˭
ϻ̧ͷɾ˳
ӣҪ֪
Ҫ֪
ðɣҾ͸㣡
̾Ϣһһϵ᣺ҵǰ򡪡
ǰ򣿰̷֥۾˵Ǹپǡ
ǰɷ򡣡
̷֥һ£ʱһʱ֮ɫ԰ס
һ£ŮˣסЦһ¡
ӣ㻹Ҫô
̷֥ĸףĬĬصͷ
Ǻܾǰˡʱһû顣
̷֥Ŀѯʣĸ׿һۣǼҪȥӡ
˿һ±飬ɫصұΪһӲᱻ֪Ҳһ˽ġ㣬ʧȥ㣡
̷֥ЦЦλڻô
ɫһ·ף̾Ϣһҡҡͷˣ۾ӿˮ
ӣ㲻Ҫھһж㡪
Ȼ˻ǣҪ㡭ʮˣѾ˶ʮ꣬ʮﾡܱ˵Цǰʹ࣬ȴʲôҲ֪ģ
ۣ㯵شŮһʹģ׷ڵ˵ȥ
үҺܶ࣬ף˵ý
˵Ů㯣һ£Խ˵үپ٣ֵܣҲƤˣΪҼҸǽַҵѣȻˣֵܶ˶һ˵书ֻ֪˲ˣ
ҵȴ֪ģͽȥһү书˵֪үԪ˾Բүϥ飬һ檡
̷֥һ΢΢ЦѾ³¸÷Щʲôˡ
̾һӦùҵһе书Ȼע⵽ŮҸȻԼү
Ӧˣ
ϵͷỬ˱Ǽϣֵ
ǲԸģǸ죬Ϊ˼ҵģһίȫǡ
̷֥ŵɫ۾￴
Ůǰ³زٱ
ɫһ󣬰һƵƵЦصˡ⹫֪Ǹˣ
̷֥һ£ȴеݡ
ȥҸڳүٳһ죬ʱʶġ
˵һ£Ǽ棬˴˺ܺõӡʱҲ֪ȻҲǸƤҵģֱҸүԺ󡭡
Ѿǲһˣһ̸⣬ҳкſȻˡ
ˣǼֱȻʹһͷ
ԵګګһͲҡҼңͨҵ˯Ѿ㣬Ҵš
ƵƵҡͷ¡
̷֥ҧݣһߣֻԿѹĵķߺޣ
Ϻҵزϵᣬ㯵ؿ۴⣬ֽȥҴˡ
ҶԲүҺҲǰҩģ
̷֥ȫһ򶶣Ҳ̲סһſϣʹ޳˼ȻϵΪʲôҪ¡ɱү
ľȻҡҡͷֻŴⷢ
ǡүôģ
ǡ
̷֥ʱӣ統ͷһã
ģһѾ͵͵ݸһţдҵģ︽һҩ
Ƕҩ
ǡ߹ɢһַȥ˻˯ܻԪҩ
׷ǰ飬ګګȥ˵ֻΪ˱˽
˽ᣡ̷֥ɵؼĸףһ˪ӡ
ͷ
̾һ˭֪ģװΪүĸ복򡭡
ڡү˳;µ֡
̷֥࿵Oصɱү
ĬĬصͷһһصүΪȷ߹ɢһʱ˻ʩչǬԪơ࡭үôˣ
̷֥ȻеˣˡҾţ
˵ţɾſϿ
̾һ˵ľʵԡ
ƭˣ̷֥޽ţҲţ˵Ķġ
ϻߵߣһָֻ㷢
̷֥ȻƵתذˤȥʹ㲻ҪҡҲǵŮҲǡҲǣ
Ȼܡ
һץס֣Ծصȥ
Ҫҡ̷֥ţֻʹһʱѲ
ɫŵӣ㲻ҪͿ͵ֻôһŮǶǰģ
ʲôã¡ôˣôˣ
˵һʱصؿ
һӷګګû֪ӡӦĻʵģ
ǡ̷֥޳˶Ƶģһ鴤ŵĵ˭
Ȼ̷ᣡɫ԰׵ɲϹģ
̷֥ЦôأĶӣ
ϿЦҡҡͷﵱ޵Ҳ꣬жӡ
ôүԪĶˣ
ҴҲûжӡ
ϱ˵ۣȻǼʲôصͷˡˡ
үүǱ߹һӣǺԶ飬û˱ضˣ
̷֥һ£ҧȴһ仰Ҳ˵
ϳ̾һ⼸ҳᣬҲ뵽ȥ£ԤűвңȻӦˣ
΢΢һ٣Цµ֣˵ȫΪġ꣬˭ܲ
ϴһƬȻЦһ£үĶòҾȥȥ
Ҫʲô
ɱ˳ǷծǮԸһȫТ
̷֥Цһ£ҿû˼´ˣҪҪˡ
̾һҲ벻͸ġΣҺ̫ˣɱǣҲԩֻΪʲôһֱ֣ڵЩʲôأ
̷֥һᣬ뵽ɣˣ˵ĸܣ뵽ԼĸټһһҹĿۣһֲ֧סӡ
ϵˮĮߵԼ
ϿŮıӰ˵˺
̷֥ſĸһۣûɵعתϡ
ڱ뵽ǰһУԤһԭõļңܼܿһ
ףĸףȴְǣԽԽԽԽޣҲ͸ƽ
ʹԴģȴɣԣȻѾ֪ȴ֪ʲô֣ˡ
ɷϵģѪˣԴӵһӭǸʱʼͶøУԺӣֻҪһҲվ
ֱڣǵԹȴعػ
ìܵĳڴˣ
һĸִȵĶԼԴ
ĿǰԴ
Դ
ĸǰֽԴ
̫̫⣬һʱʹ˿һֽġϢо
ֿ֪
·ĸ׸˵̾ϢƺڻԼ֡
ƴصȣͷŵҡҡ˭ң
֪ʲôʱɾ˯ˡ
ĵĴǰ档
ƹӳˣϸϸģʮͷˣȥȴôᣬ£û۽һơ
ƤȻôףͷȻǺй
ʮ˵Ů˻ƽ껪Ľáδĸǡ
ȴһմ¶ʢŨõ廨
ȻϾʮˣΪĸˣ
Ů˯ǰ
Ѿ˯ˣǴ˯ĺģţδŵһŻ䣬ͷ˯ˣϻմδɵۡ
̾Ϣһѧ̾Ϣ⼸飬ÿ̾Ϣ֮ʱܻḡһ㲻Ӱ
ȥ̷֥ϵᣬΪ˽ϵѥӣΪϱӡ
Ҳ̫ۣȻûоѡ
Щ£һ±ڽǵ©Ųǳҹʱ
ҲͬŮһңڽŮй֮
СŮ£ЩʲôԼŮ۶ƶԼ᲻֪
翴Ůϲ˭ˣǸɣԵСӣǰɫĿΣܲŮΪ֮ģ
šҪܹһ˫Ǻܺõһԣ
ǡ¿ɾ̫ˣ˫Ҫдƴͳοлǣһĳ⡣
뵽ЩŮȻȻңҲͲ˵ˡ
ʹоһɣԵıҪͷ
վתصԼС
о仰ףݾѡ£µмƻȥӴݵȥǿɾͷǴǴܴﵽˡ
ϴ˿鲻֪ܹ֮󣬺ȻٵľͷȻ̫ͻȻͻȻ˷磡
Ҫһ£ǰһУҪ׼
һŵ÷űߵš
̫̫̫̫
϶һţֻСѾ߲һĽɫָʧʧˣ
ʧˣ
϶һæƿ˴ӡɲǣһȫŻˡ
ǸշǷͬСɣȥһ춼Ⱦˡ
ʦأ
ʦʦǶžȻȥˣʦˣ˵˷ŵĻ𡣡
ҧһ˵ãȥкСȥ
ŵֱӦŷһתȴ̷֥һλεı
ײ˸ࡽһһˤˤ˸Ľų죬֥æ
ʹ죬һУС㡭ʧˣ
ҾΪ²ģ
϶ʮδֹ֣ʱҲòŲطˣһתɱ³˳̧ͷŮչŲⴳ԰ݴ
ӷһݳֻಡһһնơһ䶤ڴ֮¡
һ֧
ϵƶɵģһֻһɼͷһ˶ըǷֽȫط䡱һƶ
šಣಣ
һ֧ݽڵذ壬̼ȫһƴ
Ѿ޲ŵý
̷֥߳һȴסһȡ
С㡭ңҺ£
̷֥޺޵ţҷϣ
ѿ䷢ǸˣһǸȴٿٿһȥ
Ҳ֮ˣ׷ȥ
֥ŵµĲֱһͷֲܲˡ
ʱ޷޵̾˿Ǹģ
˵ʱȫܻ𣬻Ǻ˵ζ˱ӹζǺֱԡ
һһ洭ϢŵҪඡҪ
֥˺һӣŤһ黨״ӣѲɵһȻӰ˺ü
Ƭ̵ĵ󣬷ѻʢŰ塢ǽ컨ȫȼȥм㵹֮ơ
ŵ۾ֻһؿԣ֥ʵˣҲʲŵ
ӷһݳӭһӻ⣬һ֧ӭ
̷֥һץס˼ӣֻϻ룬֨֨졣
ŭһ̧ͷһӰԾе֮죬ȷи֡
̷֥һ߳ţ
һѰ֧˳ȥ
ԭֻϵԷƣһ㣬ͷͿ㣬һȵĳһ޶ȣը
̷֥޼˶Էݻ֮ͽһʱƫûгֵİԽлȨ
һʱǣȻЧ
á˦ַּȥģԷӷжΣۼˣһ
˵Ƿ֮ˣӦ֪ԣƫƫһʱͿδϼ
ۿ֧ӭ䵽鼱֮£Ȼϵĵżȥ
ûãһϣɾ˴ֻһ죬ͷðжʱը˿γǣұҴܡ
Ǹδϼдһ֣ʱŻǣһʱȼΪǱعţ׹ȥ
̷֥ܹٴ߳һн˷ľ
һֳֹһʱְȡУϵŹ֥ӭȥֻ߲ԡһǹ˽Уʲô˵ģʱΪء
˫ĵ֥΢һ¶Էĳࡪݳĸӣӥۣһۿȥ֪ǸöԶ϶Ǹûˡ
˴һϮɫҹ£һھݵ˿һԹ֥նйȻһ
ӼٵһԾȥƵؼϵĻѹϨ̷֥ݵʩչȥһ
һڵϣɡ
ڶ¶ɱУǺ˼ҪԼ֮¾Ե֥һÿ첲ϣʱͰһֻ첲
ǺӲҽһбﴩʹлкͬ飬֨Ĵһڡ
̷֥ѷɿذӴսȥȷš̷ҵմġȡ߷ֻáȡһҲƵߵù˳ȥ
ʱ»죡
Żˣзӣȼյĵطȼ
вӰţȥͬװ硣
⺺ӱ̷֥һߵлĵֻӰһһͬʱܵ˽ǰ
֮һŭ߳ŵСӣ
Ǹά֮һġǹƽ
һйǹһ֮£˵һǹۡһǰء
ņ̀ȣ顱һֱʬ˳ȥ
Լͬһ򱼳۶ǡԪơ̩˿ȥǱ֮
ǡԪơ̩Ѿ˲ˣѪ·Ҳжദơ
һ֮£̩ɤӵС㣬̫̫أ
֥ȳˡЩ˭ΪʲôŻ𣿡
ƽ̾˭ϴڰ·ϽٳǸͷһģ
̷֥һָǡǡХɽʱһ
̩ϢΣֻһˣ˶ԷָҪС̫̫ҿ鲻ѷԸӣһС߰ɣȥ̫̫ȥ
̷֥ҧ˵ҲߣЩˣ
ƽŵһ㵣ŽŵС㣬߲ɣûôˡ
Է̫ˣ̩ĨϵѪżص߰ɣٲ߿ˣߣߣ
̷֥ޣ
޵øصҺ¡С㡭ǿܰɣ
̷֥ǻս־һʱҲκΣ̾˿ٿҾͶ㲻ˣ
һٿˡ
վ̨һǣһʱΪ˷
طҲùۻĵط·Ƴ졣
ܴǧƥڣУȺ̶˻˽Уȥ˾Ķǣ
лڼš
ҹҲ˶ˣ˲١
ŸװͣõһƬҵ̼һ̷֥֮ʹݡ
ճյ˵ʦأ
ƽЦ˵λˣҿС㣬ȥ̫̫ȥˡ
ַԸԪơ̩ͻСȥɣˣ
̩һ£תݶ
ϿȾһƬ죬ƽݳӰ
ȴҲؿӭնһӰ
ӰȻƽӰһ飬˫Ӷһ˫ǹȴҲʱԷ֡
ԷǸˣȻֺĸ֮
ֳֻ˫֣֮䣬ѾץסƽԭִеһԸǹڿ˸ﶷͬʱŵ
㷽أ֮һƽĶˣһڵء
µ̷֥롰Ԫơ̩ŷƽԭִеһԸǹȻԼĶϡ
ֻǹȥҫڿؿཡðѪƽûУӲǷһ룬ɾ
̷֥̩֮£ſӭһѩ׵ĳɢһͷԷͦͦߵĸͷһֻͷ΢΢ţ֮£ӳƵһźѪȾһ㡣
ܣڣκεˣԵмǱƫƫһɴݡ
ȥϮѩ׵ĳһ඼մȾ
˵֣öֻƾһֵĵƽأ֪Ƿ
˲˵һ
̷֥һ֮£Լ߳һҪϣ̩ȴȡ
еһ͵˳֮ʱֱŰ˵ͷȥ
ɭɭطһЦúã
еķʽܹ֡
ֻǽŴ֪ôڿһת
Ԫơ̩ÿ죬ø졣
ǣƺ͡ǹûж¡
ʱеĵѾûˡһص˶Էϡ
ԷѵַƵǡһ
ȥ⳯ϣڳһʮΡ
Ŀ⡢⡢⣬ںϳһɱ
̷֥Ȼе죬ȣ
ֻ˸߰ǰ΢΢һֵۣǰƶƥһ⡣
Ԫơ̩ҽһϺ¡ҲǸطһһԱ˫ǹͬڲ
̩ش֮£ٹѻһŰģƽƽصȥҲûüһ켴һ죡
ɱ˵ַˡǣɱ֮ȴȻܱݵķȡ
˫˸ӣ˲Ҳ˲עŹ֥һ˿Цơ
ž̷϶Ů̷֥ǰɡ
һЦţã鴫
̷֥է֮£ȻǰѪծ߳һÿͽ
ݳӣн߳Ѩشֱǰġ
ЦУ佣µһת
̷֥һɾ˿С
ǰһáȸβٿת
Ȼһˣǿȥúܣһתнá׺աĽУڶγ֣ৡһֱϲȥ
˱ߡһƽ죬ƫУӭ˴Ľ
ֻ΢ָһһõڽ֮ϡ
ôһ̷֥ϵڽЩذѳֲסٿȻն
̷֥֮£ⲻһŵ׮վȡ
мһ֣֪ûС̷֥Ȼᵽ˵书֮󣬽סŵôһ
˷һЦƵƵͷѾͷܽӵסһָ񹦣ɼЩͣһȺҷҪǿˣ
̷֥˭ƾʲôŻɱˣ
һЦŻɱֻǸͷĻںͷأ
̷֥һ书Ƕʮţ岽Ѫɱĳ棿
졢ǶˣĿһ糤ϣ֮Ϊĳ벻ͶԷһĵȻ˫˫ɥ
̼̫ͻȻ̫ˡôֻ㱵ĸоĲɫֻֽձĲһûһĳ鴤ţӼֱŴһ
̷֥˶񣬶Է˹һЦѾͷԵúãծӻ̷϶̫˼Ƿһծûʽֻ֮ǰ˵ίźһ£ȸһˣ˼ô
֥ҧҧص˭Ҳʶ㣡
ɭɭһЦһҪ˭ҿԸ㣬һӦòԿ
˵һЦѾͷ㵱Ȼ׹ȥ飬ҿԸ㣬ǸԼѪΪˣͷİֵܡ̫˼
Ĵϣ˵ʱֳһ֮ɫЦһ˵ѪծѪڸծʱˣѾͷûģһ˰ɣ
̷֥Ȼ֪Է书ǱȵУ˵Լִܣȴǲĵġ
ƣϴ΢Цǰô˵㲻ˣʹմ
˫˸ӣ΢΢һתЦѾͷҪҳ֣ԼԿ
ҡ
˵ָ򾱺Ѿ߲Ѿͷû棬Ǿˣɷ
˵ͷȻԣֻǰȴ·һ
˵ת˫ź֮䣬ĵѷݳɴ̷֥ʱҲչӷݡṦ㴦ӰΣڰ
ӷһ£̷֥ȴϮ
˵ֵʱ
̷֥֪Է书ߣԴ۶ѹӣһΪлɳˣǰƣȫעڽڣһ񣬽϶ʱһƬ׹⣬Ϊ
һϰڹߣ⾳ڡϤ
ߵ裬ڡš
ֹֻÿ˹ǳȻͬʮɳɡš֮ʮ꣬ڰĿ๦ɳɡšֻ֮֮ɾ͵Ȼкܴ졣
̷֥֪ԷǷǱȵе򲻻ʩչȾɱ֣
һ֣Ȼͬ졣
ֻһƥİ׹⣬佣ϻرɺ絹εһ׹⣬ֱǰеİ˾Ͼȥ
ƺһرĸд󾱳⣬ѾʶȻ
ٿһתӳųһӡ
̲ݻһɲǼ䣬˾ȻʮġڞšʩչССáһֻŶԷȥ
ȡһƺͱĽӴһ顣
Сôһ֮ʵȴ˫
ڰ˫һ֮£̷֥ʱ;ȫһ¡
һǴþˣ̷֥ٸҳֽţ׼÷飡
òѽ
ˣѱһɲǼ䣬Ȼƿɹۣһʱ·صһȭʹʹһĵڵء
ɭɭصѾͷӣһֻԶ
˫һ׹һ̷ֱ֥Ϸȥ
޹֥Ĳŵüһ̷ֻ֥һŷǿڽѾ뽣֮ڣԴˣĲòշԷ֮书߳
ӡ书Լ֮£ܽϸй֮
νѵ֮󣬰³ͣòĴǰָС
֥һԣڰ书ģԲΣһЦ켴ǰ
ӷݳߣӵէȻֻ֥֣һ߳ס֣ûǵ£
˱ѳ֣էסֶ֣
̷ͣҵûУ
֮һϵҵסˣѰ̷Ů
˵ʱ۾һ֥ȥ
˵ͷǣԸȥѵ֣ٶɱ޹ٳ룬ȥɣ
ƺǰʮ־֮ƵƵǡ
һȭ̫үЩΪ࣬Ӵܣδڿϧ
˺ٺһЦĿע֥ص̷϶ΪʣǮҷַûɶԵġ
Ц̫ү˼ǡ
˵Ѿչͷа취źͷȥɣ
˸Աȭǣ˫˫ɶȥ
̷֥Ŀ妣֪Էһ֯ķ˵壬ҵϤĸҲУʵЩˣҪڶԸף˫ʲôޣ֥ȴ˿֪
ԭΪһɣԣѾ벻һδƽһƽ׵ôһˣʹ˷硪
ɴ˿ɼ֮ɱɲΪŸ׵İΣģ
˷ԸȥĿע̷֥㸸׵ΪһӦԹĺ
̷֥Цҵ˵ˣɱӣ񼫣ݵǿй֮
ϸĿһЦһڣѾͷҲɣѶݣһ˸λҪǵô˵ɾ͹ܵģ
ߣ
˵ʱֻΪӣžӿ棬õһ֮Ϊ档 







 

  
ʮ¡ǿ 

̷֥һģȪӿ
ӿⲽѣ̾Ϣһ켴һ·ݳ
һ˳ʮ⣬أЦͣ
̷֥ȻһͷżԷ˾ǰ⣬ҲͰ
УֻǰһľᣬɣƵ˼ʹҪ뷭ԽȥΪס
ԭᣬȡԲܽʽһŻγһƵĴȥżطԳ⣬ڻ𺣣޽֮ܳṦԽ׳һ
ƫƫڣΪŭ񱼵ǧռã˼Խ𷿣ߡ
˴ƬƣĿ̷֥Ц˵Ѿͷô
֥ҡҡͷЦ
˵ǾͰѱǸ׸
̷֥ͷһۣţʱѻ˹ȥѾͷﾭȳ棿뵽֮飬֥һƬ˸С
첻ҡҡͷЦԸͬ𳡣ҲԸ
ߺٺһЦͷѵѾͷд飬ȻˣҾһ֮
˵ǰһһץס̷֥һֻ첲߳𣡡
ͬʱ㣬ֱŸɵĻһȥ
ӭϮһỤ̃ʹ֥Ϊ֮Ϣһ࣬ҲƵֱ
Ȼһã
ƻһ̷֥˳ȥ̷֥ʹ͵㣬ͬʱʩչһ׳족Ṧϰʩչ֮£ӣͬűĲ㷭ʮ⣬Ժǽ֮⡣
һģ򵹡
ʱȴϴһ˿棬ɿնµӣٵڵϹţѹϨϵĻ
̷֥һȴˡʱߣʱͷٿתٿٿһĵȥ
⸽ƣúܣֻҪԽĵͿܼͨʱһ㳵ɱס
ܹӿȻͼ跨ĸףܱȺĸͬʱ֣Դкõö࣡
ƺ̫ˡ
ʵҲȷʵôˣ㣬ʩչȫȻĵ֮ʱİѾˡ
˷ɳƵһЦСܣ
ͷȻҲ˲ϵ䣬мӷӥðѭŹ֥Ϯ˹ȥ
̷֥һ棬ȷƻǣӷһĵʱ糤һ̣ذ𣬽ŵѾסһ֦һԳ׹֦
ӷԹסһ˲䣬°ӰǰȻ·糸
̷֥ȵʧ֮ƮƮ
ϴһ˿ɬЦݣſѾһء
ʱŷһ
Ǹ˯ѹһ㣬ģģصС㡭ˣ
̷֥꣡һ
Ȼعͷ˵Сһ㣬ѾܳˣЩ˾ڸ

Ҳ֪
һ˵̷֥۾ţСĵطַǰ֦ǰߡ
С㡭̫̫أ
Ҳ֪
۾ӯᣬݽҧţ촽ҧѪ
˵Ѿǵˡ
ȫҡ£С㣡
Ӵһ㣡
¡С£
˵޵͸ˡ
̷֥̾һ˵ĻҲ¡һҪӳȥ
ôڡʲôҲ
޵øˡ
ڰһֱֱעǸˡ
ϵĻѾϨˡ
ϴһʤ΢ЦЩ޵ɡ
ֱֱע
̷֥Ȼû⵽
ƵƵؿޣʹҲ
Ҫ޺òã֥ٵص޵ҲֱŤģ
ҡ
̷֥úһ˭㡭ٿ˼ˣʱҲˣ
仰ãʱٿˡ
̷֥˰Ρ
̽ŵ
֥ҡҡͷûˣھ߰ɣ
˵ͳǧӭһΣৡһ£һƬ⡣
Ż⣬ͿٵǰУһ̣ԼĪԶϽϨǧ
һ̣ɾ͵Աߡ
һʯͷطӡ
ֱʱһ
С㡭ͣ¸ѽ
ͣµȳӡ
긦֮ɾֵĸס
ĸյ״һʱסĵĸ弤ڶĸף˼ȵĶС
ĸŮԣǲ˵Ѿܰѵ˵ġ
ҹش˶쬵ģ̷֥Ĵͷĸоȱ䣡
ʱţһǰɽѵĳ˹
һ˫ԯĴ񳵣ڲƽ̹ĻϵţܴԴ⡣
ǰԯ࣬һյƣҡҷĵƹ⣬Ǿ޵һ˫۾ȻԶԶĻλƵĿɾˡ
̷֥һϲҡŲһֻ֣Ǿʹ
˵һ˫ҡҲҡ֣󣬿ȥʮ˸Ǻ⡣
˵к֮£ͣƥһشࡣ
ʽˣҲʲôࡣ
һʲô
ǱˣǹĿһ˵һѳԵĵư˵
Բ㳵ɲԣ
ϳЦĶȥѽ
̷֥ﶼУ
ϳĵӼȥģ˳˳·
̷֥ϲ̫ˣӼãطǶǮ
ν
ʽһǻӣЦ˼عͷŵǰŮˣҪ㳵в
һֵĺߺͺи˱סһ˵ȴ˵
ȴһϵˣٴͣ
泵ʽԳԡЦŵǸСֻ֣´ŵҲҲôʵģ
̷֥ȻֵĺߺǱ˴˼ʴȴʮһʱɫͨ졣
ҪΪǰԸٶ£޲ϳָǸʽһֻǰȴһûпԡ
ǰϵĳʽֵðɣϳɣ壬ɾǸˣ
̷֥߹ϵĵƹյֲ˼ġ
ʽ֮һصǺڵΪѳŴ
ŵƣϵźɫӡ
̷֥л
żⷽһ̤ϳ壬һ㵱ͱĳʽڱһƣͻһͷ˽ȥ
̷֥߳һȴѱһһץ˽
̷֥ŭ߳һƴԷȥ
ϣһЦݣһֻݵסơνÿһˣǺ
£书ȷʵʩչ
ǰ˵书ɾ̫ˣ֮ǰǸ˵ƺҪࡣ
̷֥Էʲôһ඼ûͱԷһܵϡ
Ҳ֪һʲô̷֥һʱͶã
ͷ£
һ̷ָ֥ʱ
ʱһϹӣЦһһͶǰһƣƫеؾ͵˹֥ļϣ
һ˹ЦСؾۣϲɺأ
첻
̷֥ÿҲܲ³˭
ʵ֤û´ǰ׷ɱǵİˣ
ʱֻͷϡ䡱һӣסˡ
û뵽˺ܶ࣬ʶвֹǸһ
оʧĸҲϡ
ȻǾһսʧֱܡһ֮ǱԼ粿طĹҲμɶ϶
ĸŮĿԿ֮£˴˭ûгǵĿӡ
켴ͷʹ
ϱǳȶţʾĵļʹ
СѾ߲ǶȻʣǡʱת
էϣУ̲סʹ̫̫㡪
Ů˵ĿʹССƽޱա
ϴѳԹӣԹͷԾɵ¡
ȻŮͶеʹġ
ڳļˣһ
һ߸ˣϡ̷֥ˡϹӡһ¡гëĹˣһ׿ȻĿ⾼ˡ
Ů⣬ĸȫˣϿȥϹҲʮ⣬˽ѮϣѲ£
˳һ̷ְ֥Ʒֱڣʼղ˵һ仰̬Եÿ
۾΢΢ţ¶һߣƺ˼ʲôоܵ⣬Ͼ鲻ԽЦݡ
˴̬Ϲ۲죬֮ף
ϹӡëһߣߡԼ̷֥澶һߡ
ǰٶȼ졣
Ҷûʲô˵
ֻʣСѾ߲һس鴤š
ϡ֥һʹ֮󣬶ܱһԼ
ĸŮ˶ǧҪԷߣǰ˵ʱ򣬸˵ĵط˴˭ףɴһԲ
֮У̷֥ر⵽ǸëˡϤģǵ;׺ɣµǸǡХɽ
ϹɫܰףĿ֮Ե飬ʱȷ̷֥޷ֻ֮̽ͻ˻ֻ˫͹Ϲ۾ӣ̷֥תţʱЦһ
ĸûһǺǵģȻҪǡ˵Ρ
ûһ˵ֻвͣ鴤
ƫͷעŵöʱҳ
ʲô֣
С
Ǹʲôģ
ǡ
һЦ˵ǸѾߡ
̷֥Ŀע˵ǸҪˣ㡭
˵ͷɣûʲô¡
̷֥켴Ѳ⿪һԣŵò֪ôźá
ǺܺͰؿҪ̷˪ɵŮΪһѾߵġ
Ȼɳ˸ǰ
һµʲô
޽е̫ү̫̫Сɡ㡭
ſ˼͸ǸǡХɽһ첲
ŵüֽ
̷֥һüҪХɽ֡
߳
Хɽƺ˺ӣ֮£æѲ
ǣȴļ˶Ц
ĿעȻһɫӵǾΪ㣬ȵӾӼʱһ³ͲҪٿˣ֪֪
ƵƵͷ
ɭɭһЦ̷˪Ժ󣬸
ү̷ᡣ
˺һ̷˪ɾ̷ᣡ
ϻڴŶ£Ӧš
̷˪֮󡪡̵ؽȥ͸˵Ůϡ
˵ֳ˼̵ŭơ
ҽ˾ͽֻҵ֣ͻ֪һУ
ʱһԵİһЦżҲҪңҲҲţҲǰ׼
Ŷµ̫̫С㶼Ǻˡλү͡
̷֥ûϢѾͷͻޣòǡ
ĿһɨڵĸˣЦЩ˶Щȱٷεļһʲôã
⣬˶鲻ԽطһЦЦ̶֮
̷֥ĿֱֱصˣǵʲôˣĸŮҪʲôطȥ
ɭɭһЦŮޣҪԭô
˵ϴһƬҵЦݣؽȥνֹϵùϣֶöⶼΪ㸸̫ĺԽղŻд˱Ӧ
̷֥ǸϹӣʱҲɭɭһЦ
ѾͷһһĸŮͱˣ
̷֥Ҫ磬ϺȻ̾ϢһӣͲҪٶ˵ˣ֮֮ʲô˵أ
̷֥ĸ˵ʱϸֳһ˵̬
ᣬȴһĴ򶨣ǻŵľ£ӵֳһʥĲء
ȫˣΪȾһı㡢ĺ˾ͽҲΪ֮һ
Ϻ΢Ц޴ŮϿš
˶һ죬ԽʬҰͬҲ֮ԺʲôҲ֪ˣʲôֵúµģ
ⷬǹٸ˵ǳһ߳ߵĴɷ֮ˡ
ûһ˿
ȻǸ˳̾Ϣһҵλݵܣ̷϶Ȼֵа취һսƻ֮ͽȻɵ˼֮࣬ʬҲֵˣ
ϹӺٺһЦʬҲ̫ˣ
ҲЦ̷϶ôйôҲͰˡ
ߡһֵֻϧǸ̰֮
ϺȻĿ⿴ô˵֪úˣ
ְֻѷɢǰصĳһ£صƵĺȻչȴֳ˫˱׹һ˫۾һļµЦ
ճ˻ңҲϳ
λʲôԹֵΪ
˺ٺһЦʵúã˵ɾͻˣ
˵ţɳ۵Ƥĳֿ̹ǵĶޱ飬΢΢ֻʣߡ
͸ߵ۾սκ˺ݶĿ֮£Ҳɲסһ
дһʡ
ֻһƳ첻ٶԣȴĿ⡣
ѪծѪ͵͵ţ̷϶ñӦ
˵仰ֱӣٶ࿴κһۣ
磬ƥ׳̤ڹٵϵھҹ侪ˣ
ϵһյƣƹҡţÿ˵
ʱĳ֮󡪡
ǡХɽעϣֳһֹı顣
Ȼһֻë֣ȥ
϶һһƣֱŸХɽȥ
ХɽһץסӣסٺЦ
۾ֻһ£ȴ޶õֱϡ
ⷬ龰ǸХɽһֹɫĴ󶯣ӵطκһֻȻץȥ
ٿȻһ֣ХɽȥȴֱХɽץС
ХɽһݣȻһëĹչȥͼǡ
̷֥ѪҺŭţ߳һ޳ܵĶ
һֱָХɽǰȥ
Ķ죬ȴ첻ǸϹӡ
̷֥δݳһɲǣϹӼǸͶͬһ߰طƫе˹֥ǰ
̷֥֣ʱΪϹӶסѨ
Ӳܶȴǵúܣ۾Ҳù
ޱսĿšǡХɽĸᱡšŻëޱȵĳ۾ţһϾҵؿܣȴѲ
ŵô
ſ޳һΪǸס͡
ֳΩһˣӦǸˡƫƫֹˮǰΣͬ޶á
ǡХɽ֪ᱡֻйֺ֮Եĳ嶯˴Ŀġ
ʩչȫţֻڸХɽ֮£䲻ѿȴȥҧýȥߡ
ἤȻ󲨡
ֻϷһУ켴˹ȥ
ХɽЦһҪȥԷ·
֥Ŀõȫѣ˫ĿƺҪۿ
ƣҲ˹ȥ
ۿŸХɽһֻë֣̽뵽ϵǰأҪһ
˺Ȼӣˣ
Хɽһ£Цϴ²˵ô
˵ˣˡ
ǡХɽʾ𣬹Цһǻʲô˵ģ
ھ롭
ڲУ
Хɽһǡ
һЦ㵽׻һˣһǣǲǣҪˣ
Хɽǻ𣬱˼仰øɸɾ
ĬȻشͷһʧ顣
ϺȻѹ˫֣һơ
һƾ㣬ʱʹøХɽ˳Ѫ
Хɽһһȭȥ
ֻȭͷȴֱһֽ̧סХɽ޷޵ջȭͷӱȥԸ
ʱϹӵͶҲ
̷֥Ȼжһ
ί˹ȥסĸӣĸŮ˿޳һš
̷֥޽ŵʲô£ҪֱӦΪʲôҪꣿ
ϵϹһЦѾͷⲻѽһʹ㻹ܻ뿪ĻȥǵһиĴ𸴣
ٺһЦȥֻǲ뿪ˣ
۵ᣬһҵ
ҵҡҡͷʲôҲٶ˵ֻĬĬһƽĴԤԼܿӲⷬѣƽѳˡ
ļ̷Ʒǵѣ÷ȡһŮ˵һ˵Ŀԡ
Գдˣ
ٸ峿ƻ裬ÿƽʱͻ鲻Խ뵽ȥǰ򡪡
ʱ丵ˮͻͣһǧһǪˡ
ԼȵٴȥˣЩҪԼĻԼֻѡ
̸ף
Ųµ̫ˣ
۾עǰŮ
˵ϣֵĻôǰĹ֥Ωһֵˡ
ḧŮ㷢̾һû£ȥɣ
ǰ
˱Ӽʽס֣ȫͣ
ſɳ۵ᣬţ˵̫̫С㡭
š顱һֹϣתɾͼǰ۶ȥ
׷ȥеС㡭С㡭
ﻹü
ʵ̲סſ·Աߵϴ
һͣϳǸӣųӵף
ǲǲôô
عһۣϳԷǼֵࡣ
һȻǲʱ㲻Ǹ̫̫С㵽ȥôôһ磬һ
鴤˵֪ƨѽ
ͷǲ֪ɣɣҪȥѽ
޵ֱһϳԯಢǰϡ
һӣһŲֲʡ
ԶԶ˴飬׷׹
ֱֹֻ֪Ѿͷڸǳݣƨûһǻ
һӣҳ־űӡ
⳵˲ſڣ˦һޣС˾Ͱſˡ
⳵۽ȥ첽ܡ
һܵϷ˻Ժʦ֮һ󺣡
ڻ򣬿ͣס֣ͦʵصǲǲô
ʲôʱ
үأ
󺣵ϯ
̷ҵˣ̷֪̫үÿҪȥһϯʱû˸ȥҲȥһ¡
ǰһүʱи˳ģ͵͵ؿ̷үӺȻˣһơ
˵Ǹж˳ģѪһˣڴ˰꣬ɾʹְˡ
ԴӷԺ󣬼˶Ϊ䣬Ҳ͵үˡ
һܵ˺Ժ
һܣһᡣ
ϯţſϲһյƣ̷ϲŵʾ档
˻ûܵϯźȻ̷үӴһ׶¿㣬վţէƺһ
ţүү
һģһˤڵء
̷ᶸǰһȣಡһ䵽ǰ
һģһײүϡ
̷һץסӵôˣ
صү²ˡ
˵
̷ᶸһصץס֣ޣ˵̫̫أ
ص̫̫С㶼ץˣ
̷һʧɫʲôʱ򣿡
졭ϡ鴤ŵˡȫܹˡ
̷ʦʦأ
ˡ
ѽ
ȫˡһĶûʣ£ֻ̫̫С㡭ң
̷ӻһ£һ㵹
ګګصʲôµ֣
ЩˡҲʶΪ׵ĸͷ
һ̷ʱʹסˣ
͸ϣȫҲһӶ¡
ĬĬصͷЦ֪ˣ
˫׵۾ǸǿͷӺ˾ͽ𡪡
Ȼ̷ҧ˵ȥ
Ǹ˾ͽҪתү˵̫̫Сˡ
̷ֻ۾΢΢ϣһǽסģһȴԵЩ·
һ
̷ӣȻ۾Ѫ
ôģ
Ƿһġ
ˣȥˣ֪֪
ҡҡͷү˼ҿҪ취̫̫СѽЩǿɲǺģ
̷صǿʲô˵
һһϼһһʮ˵˳
̷׷ţһ켴ػ˹ȥ
һصؽ
˸ˣ֮䣬һȺ
ﱾһŰ崲
ǰ̷˰崲ϣſȥܹܣȴ̷үؽҧ𶧣ȫֱͦţǸӿ˻ˡ
ү˷ˣҲſȥ
СѾ߿޵ø˶ƵģƫƫλϹܹܣ˷ȴٳٻ
ۿ̷үӽֱӶøһϷɤ￩ֱ⵹
⸱ӣǲõҲóүҪˡ
һＱŴתֱ֪ôǺá
ȻȺﲽһʿ
˲ʶģ;˸ХɽСǸʿɣԡ
ʱէȻˣϵĴǡ
ǰһˣɣǰߵͷʹ޵๫кãȾүɣ
ɣüһģˣ
ֵˡһ˵һ̷ӷ˹ʹš
һɣ˵ģ֪סڶӭǸƤͣҲ֪ôġ
ǾҪ
ɣǸмңֻɣһ̷үӱơ
ƵأÿһȥɣԵӶһ󼱲
̷֮үӾͲˡ
һλԺǮʦ̽һүӵıϢ
󾪵̫̫үˣ
һȫһ㶼ŭĿɣԿȥ
ɣЦ֪ʲô̷ͷŹȣϳ壬ȱסǻ٢ҲסĻ
һ䣬ֻһ˳λȻҼ˵Ĵˣ
֪ʲôʱ򣬺һǡ
ԴϹԺһķж
ʱֿȺһֱߵɣߣֱֻһȭϣֳ˼˿ɬЦݡ
ɣ๫ɣ
ǣ
ƵƵͷԴһ༴쳣ˣ߼֪Ȼһ֪ʿˣ
ɣԵȻһЦܹ̫ˣ·֪ϳ˴£ðһͻܼ֮Һ
˵ֻľϵ̷ᣬ̷ȫһ£̽һĿϢ
˺£̾Ϣһû˵ֶȻϹһʱδϣ´ˣ
ɣԵˣܼҼ˵֪֮ȻˣŸˣ
һסؼһʱ
˵һ˫ڿϹ۾۾ϹˣѨ׼һʧ֣ɾ˱ֶףΪѰɣ
ɣԵͷðɣȻˣֳ󣡡
˵̷꣬ᱳһġ
һ͸ָң棬ʵעγһ
Ƶһɲǣ̷ᡰۡشһǺһ̵
ܸˣ㶼һ
Ǯʦ˵صˣ
ɣԾư̷ӷ̷ֻƽϣʱһƬѪɫ
˫һգſ
ɣԶְ̽죬Ҫ˵
̷һ£ͦ
ǰվôˣһ
̲ס⡭
ȲҪ˵λɣ๫Ҫֻ¼ⲻ⣡
̷Ȼôˡ
һ뵽ղŲ֪һУɲסҧгݣĿѣ
ɣʱջͷׯ˵ˣ
ܸ˵Ѿ£λȥɣ
Ӧһ׷롣
̷ῴŲС£
ǡ
ȫ룬ֳֻʣɣԡ̷ᡢ񡢲
еص̡ʲô£
̷ʱľɣԱȭɣȣϷⲻ⡭һ񣡡
԰һ
ɣȴѸٵһԡ
ҵ˿ϲɫ˵ôһ䡣
̷Ტɫк״ֻǫѡ
̾ϢһֵӢ۳꣬ԴӵһμɣҾ֪ǸˡȻûв´Цһ£ֵɣЦˣ
ɣֳһֺܲȻЦݣͷ¸ˣ
̷
ɣֹδ
̷ֽסҼ飬˴Ҳ֪ˣ
ɣ΢΢һصҲ˼
Ϲ۵ĺ񣬸ţһֻɣԼһ£ɣֵɣ
ɣ΢΢̧֣Ѻڼϵֻ
ڼϼ˼ǶԷȻ˿ӡ
Ȼһ
һؼ˫Ϲƾֱ۲Էˡ
̷Ტûע⵽˵һУֻʹԼϣ
ɣ˵Ҽһѡ̾һګګۿżҵ˵
ɣԵָƤҵ̵֮£
̷Цҡҡͷֻһֶѣ
ʲô£
ɣȻȻ飬ȻС 







 

  
ʮ¡ݻ 

̷̾һҵ˵ϷĿǰƳ˴ǶԷþʤңҪһ¹˭֣
ɣ΢΢һӣȻг񣬶̷ҵһУ֪ú
ָǹŰħƤӣ

̷ͷһ£Ҳһ£벻鴫ô죡
ԭɣѾ֪ˣ
һ󻧣Щ羪ݶȻ˲֪
޺޵صһߵĿڣСӣ
ɣһЦйħƤӴ˵ν֮ӣ벻Ϊãϲɺأ
̷̾Ϸ㾡ؽ𹺵ãȻ֮ף
ɣһЦݴħǹ룬ȥ磬һ֮ܽӽԶйħƤӵټ٣ҲЦ
̷ñЦϷõƤӣƷɣضǣ
ɣһЦ˵ؽƤ߷ǵ»зͣ˫գһϲɺ֮
̷ګګϷƲڴˡֻ־ڳһˣ
ɣԵﲨǻ˳
̷һ̾һ֪ˣ
ɣһЦǿħƤӣȻǳˡ
֮ǡǿƤǼٵģɾͻɣȮˣ
̷̾˿ֻǰм£ʹ˷硣
ڵղһæҲˣĪʲô˲ɣ
̷۾һȻЦСѾͷתءǱߡ
Ǳôˣ
ˡ
ŵɫһࡣ
ɣҲһ¡
̷ҵκ飬֮һЦΩ£
̸̷ֳ֥ӰӡǸ岻Ů
һ˫žӣתһߵĲ̷үӵһ仰¹ģ̲סһʱȻ
񽹼ʣô£С˵
ˡ
ʹŵһѻ˸⡭ȫˣ
ɣԶһ̷أ
˵仰סϺһ£ϿסԼĳ嶯
С̫̫ǻץˣ
ץȥˣŵʣ˭µ֣
Ҳ֪
̷һЦǻõʣ˾ͽ϶һ֣Ҳ̫ˣ
˵һ䣬̷ŮٻӰ켴ֵԸᣬеһ˵롣
ɣԵܳأǵĿ̷ʹģʱȻеһɿĸо
΢ԥһ£صм¼ʹ˸ǣ
˵ձһȭת̷
̷һ£кֻ䱳ӰֱŴ
ƵƵͷλɣϵܣ书ôһ·ȴ˷ѽ⣡
̷Ҳ벻ͨ
ȴһߵλɣ๫ǸˡǺñ£
̷һ֪
ǰЩʱ̫̫ͬСݺʱ򣬰·һոĻ׷ϡǸոĺʦʦ򲻹СҲ˵ˡ
̷һ¡أ
ۿΣյʱ򣬾λɣ๫ְæոĹͷӣʱˣҪɣ๫һʱͻˣ
һԳ̾һ¡ǵʱ̫Ϳˣɣ˲¶ˣ
̷ĿעŲΪʲô粻ң
ګګҲ֪̫̫Ϊʲôû˼ҡ
̫Ϳˣ̫Ϳˣ
סһ䣬ȴΪŵͷҿ
̷ȥˣ֪֪
ҡҡͷû˵
̷ͷȥɣ
ǡ
Ҫת̷ֵ²κˣ֪ɣ
ǣӦһתҴҲ
ڵòϵҲδȬǰ£޵Ĺػգ
̾һ̣㿴Ǻã
̷ЦΪΣ
ҵĿ˾ͽһӣǰҪţã
̷ͷҲҾİ
Ǵɩ͹֥⺢ӡ
Ҳֻˣ
̷˵ʱᣬվ˼
ҡҡͷҲϾǸ취һҪֻƾ붫ˣֻ¡
˵òֻƾҶֱ֮û취һƴ
˵һЦмһûü㡪Ѿרຣȥˣ
ຣ
̷ỺصһͷӦüǵһˣ
ֱȻ벻ˡ
̷ĪǳʱǸˣ
Ŷһ˵ఫӣ
̷ͷ
ƵƵͷˣˣôˣ̡ϳɽһ֮ǿɾͲˣ
̷ఫһģ˰Ѿ³ɺ󣬽ຣǸ͸ϱ᲻
һβŵ̡ຣǸһҵˣ֮⣬ǽһˣ
̷̾Һγֻ֪ǰʲôӣܱǮҪѽ
ͷ
̷˾ͽ˷ǰ߲ƣ߲µఫӻĵ֣
ҡҡͷ书һ񣬴ԭ书֮棬书ҲʦͽİæټҶˣ˾ͽϹǱֱˣ
Ҳô룡
ô̵˼
ఫһʦͽȥһ˾ͽ𣬴ȹ֥ĸŮ
˵ǰ滤ԺǮʦȻԺڵ̫үʦͬżຣ
̷ʱһϲ
Ǯʦʦڻ
̷Ҿ
ͬһˣթҪ
켴һȣ̷ͬһ뿪ϯŻȥ
мš
̷δǰһЦţ˵缦䣬ڶ̶Ѽ
˴µ̷ͷأӿǲС
һ˵ֶҺͺܹϾˡ
˵ʱ̷Ų룬Ҳ
һˡ
֮һ̷ĸԺҰɽ
ĸˣȫûĹˡ
ĸװ翴ȥ͸֣һ㳣ˡ
ߵ̫ˣһȴ̫ˡ
˵ߵİɡ
һųģûһҲоųߣͷҷһķ裬һǺ
ڶͷȵһ٣òȴȵһˣ˵ϻһӡ
һӣȴһô
ȵڶߣа˳߿⡣
üëͷȧĿҰӡ
˱бһѻεĴ󿳵ϷһƬҫĿϹ⻪һ֪һѺõ
ڵװһεĵֻɵһߣһ״Ķ
˶վŵġ
վǰһʵ̫ʦϣϥһСͷ
ͷ㲻رעȥܾܿͻ©ˣΪʵ̫Сˡ
Сüӡ
ôСһˣƫƫڱһرĶңȥұŵӻҪһЩ
СϣһƤ¡
̵òԻһ˫ȵϸݸ첲ȴ¶棬ֻƣȥͬצһݣֻԶȼצҪöࡣ
ͷ׷̽һӣͷϣкһ泤ǩӣƣէȻһǸģ
ĸˣէȻڻʮľˡ
̷һţĿעϵİС˱ȭ겻ѵַɣϲɺأ
ϵఫһЦһֻֻȫŵ̷ˣ̷ˡ񣬶񣡡
һ̧ͷ˺ͷȻһסλǺ
ҵһЦԱ񣡡
ѽఫǰ˼ֻ֣ץסĸ첲ʧɫص
⡭ʲôʱ£˭µ֣
ѽ
صһѾѽ̸ɣ
˵ʱˮѪ
˳ơҡఫӣңԭԭŵĸͽšʮѳɾһ¿˱ųϡ
ңϵĻƢȻϸʣƱʦ壬ԭֵĹߡ
Ҳ˶Ƶԭֻܰӵຣľء
ڲľຣɵֱ桰ӡʱѰ⣬Ѳյӡ
ӷ֮󣬾Ϊģȴɲסڴĺ֮꣬ӡ
ʱ䣬һΪĪġຣɡ书Ҵڸҡ
ҹȻʦ̳Ϊຣ͵һӡ
֮ҾȻȻ˳µسΪˡຣɡĽ
ֻԭˣȱڵϡ
ຣɱһŽ֯ԴҾͽλ󣬸ķѣһŭ֮£ͳһ
һɱΪµԪϣȴలݵóŻˣǳûọ̈̄ܽɽ
ˡຣɡԭһҲ߽Ȼ޴ˡ
ຣɵĽµ⣬Ҳûָ֮ˡ
һ͵ĻƢһŭ֮һѻԺ˸⣬켴Ǩຣɽ
ɽϣҾ˸
˳Ƣ꣬һ㳣ʶԲ֮⣬˵Ǹʲô֮ˡ
֮ټɽ϶Ǳ֮书侪ˡ
൱ƽ֮벻˼£ͼȾָ
뵽ԭȺľˣ̲ס˸ͷ
⼸ຣɱ˺ܶˣЩ˶ϵȺйصԭж˶ţ׷Լµӽຣ棬⵽⡣
ҿʼͷĶ𣬴жһģຣ˼켴б޵𣬵һжҪǮɣ
ſʼԽǮ˽һʶоǮҪԡ
̷ຣǸʯ̿ѾãҲ̷֪ͷѲǺǵж̵˼ȴʼûижѵ̷ͷȻ⡣
ʱĿźģȻһ
˫ã
ҷһ˫С۾ϸ磡ô£˭ӣϸ̫ͷ϶
̷֪֡ǰ˺ܶ¶ˡ
˵һ̾Ϣֵ֮ȡӣСŮҲ˰ȥʵǸоģòæ
ఫżҲƳĲӣ˵˵ϸ»ʲô˵ֻҪҰæģһ
һ˵һѱĺժһţȵһӴ˸оҸǽƣǸ⡰ҡ
ţҲɴ˶
̷һЦض⼸˺˵㲻Լһ£ܹæҹȻǸм֮ҪϲǶԷ֣Ҳ֮
ⷬȻ˵ఫӵҪǴǳĿԵס̷һ
̷Ļһ䣬Ҷʱɫһ䣬վ
ֻͷϱСָϸһһ˫С۾ɵùԲЦһ
Ļô󣬻֪¹˭̷ͷ˵ɣʲôͷ޺Ҳ
̷ⷬʮ»
̾һֿ̫ô
Ҷʱһ£ԭվӻ
˵˾ͽ𣿡
̷һЦʶˣ
ҡһ˵ͷ֪ˡôϸʲôӲɣ̷صͷȥеӣڿɾͲֹӣǳˣ
ҡɭɭһЦϸ磬˵㣬ӣǹӲġҲ㻹Ǹ
̷΢΢һЦ㵹˵˵
ҵ治֪
̷Ц
ȴߵ˵ˣڽ˳ơɲǡϸ磬˿ûһǺǵ֣ɡ
ǰ˾ͽﲨԴһ顣
̷ֻǾš
Цǰ£·ຣǸģɽҵݹһŰʱҲڳºſǸȴˣ
˵һЦҪǵʱ棬ڷ鷳ˡ
һ˵ô࣬һذһֻ֣ΰĵðɣϸǧӣҴˡ
̷һЦֹŵȳ֮
ҹЦһ˵ǰͷǽ齻飬棬Ȼʦͽܿɲ״򡪡
̷һЦ̷ĳƽԳֹһ֮ĸ
ҿڵ
ĸ̷صһѾˣ
һ
ǽά
壡
˵ôһ䣬۰Ͱ͵̷ᣬһġ
̷˼ֱ˵ظģ˼һˣຣǸҤӾǵˣǾʳԣ
һΪ
һΪ
ֻơȡһ飬ఫ̧ͷһӹЦϸ磬˵⼸ֵܺ˼־ӣһֵ̳ģǳʶǽϢһ죬Ǿͻ˾ͽ𣬵Ҫ˭ǿ˭
˵ֻһӥ䷢ఫӹЦҼСǶˣ
ֻһӣɳ°ﶶһ˿ӡ
ߴҽУ±һֻɫëСӥ
ǲຣһرݣӥ֮һ֣ϸãȴǾͬκһַӥʽӥҪСһ࣬ϰҲͬ
ĲӥʳޣСӥҪʳȴͬӥ
ۺӥϲʳ
ʹȻ׿κıԣпν֮ӣ
ҡԴӻֻСӥ֮Ϊ屦ѱԵվþΪƵеһ֧;ף
ʱ˿ʱֻӥСȸȽ˿ȸ΢㣬צȫë
̷֪ͷСӥ֮ҪǶԵʱศ֮Ҫԣ
ʱҳӥƵƵʳ̷ͬŶԷһʦͽ뿪ѱõĴͱᣡ
һʮֽྻĸ¥¥пã¥豸µҡ
һӱͣʱͱӭڣΪ̷լĹ
ҹ
ߵŴ齣ɣƤֽһֻɴǰᴩɹȥƮ˿˿Сӡ
ĵƹ͸ֽԿ㿵ӰΪƵġ
һƬլӣźܸߺܸߵԺǽӽʽܹ֣ϱУÿһһ¥Ϊһǡ
ϱ¥ĵƹȫϨΩе¥ȴŵơ
լĿǰ˾ͽһ˵֮ˡ
ʲôط
һסжˣ
֪Ϊһʼ𣬾Ͳ֪
ӵһƣӻͼʼһֱΪֹ߽ڡɲǡ˾ͽԴεˣ
ӽֵоڻƧĿҰ
Զ϶һǣӸոսϲã
Ȼ˾ͽһԤʱ̾ĵطһطһڵ˵طǵġҤ
ɲǡĺڵԭʮ꣬µȻͽͽ
Щƺɡֶ족ﲨ½ĳǨƹġһδٳ᷿һںˣЩһ
طӼ̫ԶĽȻǶ̷ҹвڵϣϽƤ˵̷ȴȻˡ
ὨǿǽߣͥԺ˸ɫĻԺÿʮɵľ룬Բһͼװĳֽ
ʱѹԺﾲĵģȴϴͳѵĺˣǰԺѲתš
бƮ߱ϴˢܵģȥƵĹ⻬
ȻһӰӰ
ӰӣʵӰӣΪͬӰһᣬһزϢۼ
ȵһ¥֮ϣŻȻطһˡ
˸߸ߵģԳ۷ϴһͳ£ǰɫģҹɫȻʮĿ
ҲԼμΣᴩһ۵İ£ҲĿŵ롣
Ȼĳ֣ԺＸѲ˵ע⡣
Ⱦһ˼߳һʲôˣ򣡡
߳ţ̽һ̧֣˻һһ֧˦ְ
ˣʩչաṦһ䣬ֱ¥Ǹҹп
ֲܲν֮족Ҳܲ˵ǡ׼ɾǰ̫ǿˣ̫˵
ֻôطһ֣ѽ
ָͷżĽһӣһΪ˵ϣôһ֣ס˵ļ磡
߳ȥ
ÿȥø죬һӣ㷭ɸߣֱŽ¥ˤ˳ȥ
һȥṦȴҲܲסôӲˤӲңֻͨһӴ졣
Ȼ̫ˣӲð͸ˤȥһһˤҲˡ
˱غһֻ¥ǵӣôһƮͬ޻Ƶģ¥Ʈ
⵱ɾԺһӰ
գһӡ
˲Ĺ򣬿ɾͿ졣
ԭղʱﻹһƬڣһɲǣԺ¶˵
ֵǵȼڷȼԺһǶյƣӴڰʮյϡ
ôյƣÿһյƶ˩һϡ
һƵģôЩֽƣһеȥֱͨе¥ǰ
ɫٿһ͵ص
Ҳһġ
һӵУȴͨſڣ黨شžţĿԽԽԽСÿһյ棬һṭĺºӣŹֻôһ£׼Ǽʸꡪ
ЩԤһ˵Ļ˰˳ӻ
ɭɭһЦŵЩԭͺҲã
ţ˫ӸһƬ⡣
ԷӵƣȻǴͷ
ֻһ۾ѿƣ֪ǶԷ˼֮󣬰һڲеơ
ͿǣԼʱȻ˿δֻ֪ܲԼʩչṦԽĻһžи֪
˿̣һأطȻɾûôˡ
еġٵƷɻꡱӦ̨ڵ󷨡
ûƷֻǶ겻˼һʱ
վ˽ŲһѰɫϡৡһӿƣѹ֮ϡ
ಡһӼ磬ֱ˹ˣ˵Ǻ֡
һüϵ׼
Ƕ׼˰ɤ۷ģûϴò·ֻ첲ôһӣɾˣ
šಡһźüӼ磬ļʸֱŰȫ
ЩԭУֻ΢񣬲ڸ첲ϵĳ¿ɾչ
ӭյļʸһӼ衣
ʸȻȫ˿գӭ˵İ£׷µ档
ûŪԷ֮ǰǲҶģ
ھȻ˷Ǳֲˡ
е¥źȻ
һӰϴһɫĳ£ںڵĳƮ˦Ե˵һҰԸо
ֶ˵ǿ켫ˡ
һгĺ£ºʩչŽܳṦ֮䣬Ȼվڵһˡ

ºӣԶһȭɣɣ¾úʱˣ
һͱԷֺţϴزǸζ
Ȼţ
ԴɳֻҪֹܵ£ɾʹҲҹʲôӡ
һΣҲŻʲô
رȭصɣɣԣӣ
һӺʹõɲǡеλҡֶ족ﲨԵôĿ
ǣⲢ˵͸Сǰˡ
ʵϣԴǰＸȫڶԷСԺ󣬸쿪ʼֱʱ޵治ֹš
ˡҲǰվˡɣԡ
ﲨӡ˵һȫİƮƮӰӡ
ǰˣˣ
ڽʮյƳ֮£ﲨŵԺúõش
ʮ꣬üëֱ߸ߵĸͷ
ȥǸһǷ¶ޡڽˣԽԼΩһҪĿǣ
ٵƷɻ󡱣ɾרΪ˶ԸŲġ
ѡеǺˮˮƼݣ¸ǲܷ糾bڣɣѣеǹ·
ٺ٣ֶ족ﲨЦɾľ
ЦһǶµĶۣɾֳһƵĹɡ
ɣѣǰ㼸˰Ǹƣʺޣֵܿû
ڣֲϰǸȽ˷ΣԭϹۣݣָԴӳһ֣䲻˵ˣ
ѣôҲδ̫ˡ
ٺ٣һӹЦ
ﲨ˹ֵ֣ҹˣҪúõ㣬ɣѣҪǴ󷽵Ļ͸һСǮܵøǣ˵ǲǣ
˵úǰļ룬ÿһԷ
ɣɫһ䣬ﲨˣƤӣʲôֻʩչˣɣĳ˼Ȼûаƿ
ﲨغһ˵˵
عӵһ֡
ƹȻһԭεİյƣͻֻʣһյɫСƣʱ֮䣬ֳһƬĹ
ﲨ粿һΣбˣȥƮ·Ʈڰмһ㡣
ɣһ
ԭеຣٵƷɻ󡱷˿էȻյľͶ϶Ȼ
ȴﲨЦɣģҪϸǰ󷨣ϵòϵã
ɣǳԾȴǲ䡣
ЦССٵƣɣĳξ壿
ﲨɭɭһЦССٵȴǲʶƷҹǲֵܵʱˣ
˵һΣС
ɣδ죬óȻǴ˿ԲäĿƶ
ǰƣֻݴͣǿ򶨣Ա֣һ󷨣Լ书ٸߣû֮ǰҲΪ
ԣ˫ʵվԭأҲһ¡
ǰȣֲָ˵ǰ¥ڿɼƹ⣬پյƣɱ淽
ɣȴ϶ƹⶼʵڵġ
֮䣬ֻ෽һƣֱ
ɣһƫƽڱһϮ¶˿
Ǽʹ֮£һֻ˰ʵ
ǰ龰а
ɣ̤ţȻڵ֮ǰʶ⡰ٵƷɻ󡱰ߣԿɴǰʩɱ֣
·ԻӳĵȴһЦɣģҲн죡򣡡
򣡡ֳڣһ§ͷǶֱ
ɣһʩչһ֡Կơ֮ƣмѽ󳤽һӣֻáᡱһ졣
Ӱֻһ˹ӰصǰгһϸͣһĵꡱһӼ磬ͼˮ֮ߣֱɣʺҪѨϵ̹
ǡɲǡǸϹӣ˳ơĿޡļ
ɣһ֮䣬ġֶ족ﲨȴһ
ȻϤһУŵƣȴɣֻɶͶ
ﲨıһй˫ʣ˫һֱɣ־Ѩ
֮£ɣԶֿཻ޾塣
ֻǴ˿εȻͬ
ڶԷǰй֮£ɣԲòʱȫǰİΣ
ХһֳӭżĺһͬʱʩչһС绢ɽʽӣнһٵתӭﲨ˫ʡ
ֻáһ졣
һǱѰɣ˶Ľ
ֶ족ﲨȻڹտֻϧ֮ɣ˵ȴǻһء
ʽ֮У䡣
ﲨԾöԷ֮Ϸһɼ֪ΪšԾ֮䣬ԷǿڳȻԼʣ͸
ﲨǷ֮ÿ죬ˣĵԷǿεıȴ۾һ㣬ھﲨ˸бһߡ
һȻδҪȴ˰ķǳһۡ
Ѫӵεδһأ
ֶ족ﲨ۵ñһ͵һڰ
ڰȻŸɱ֡
ɣ֪һ֣ʤУؿƶԷ
ֻǰ죬Լ֮ܿǰǲƶ粽һ̤أƽˡ
ֻﲨǣȴҲá
ڰȻֳһ˵ס
˳棬۽𾦣ǡɱ֡еĿף˳ơ̫ꡱ˾ͽǸǿˣ
˿̣էȻָһָ
ɣԸ֮ܵ£ټƲ죬ǲӦٵ˾ͽ֮һ
ָһ̽áꡱһƼ磬ɣԻȻһ֪˰㣬޿κε֮£˫һбʹһСžͿһۡ
ȻȻ뿪ֳȴ˱ʹ뿪ˡ
˵ȻҲ˾ͽ
дһ̶ĹЦ֮˾ͽȻҲ෽Ϲͷ书ȻֽﲨһҪ߳ࡣ
ֻЦһ٣ӹҲƵɲ෽Ϯ
ɣģƣ
ڣֻƲƽƶʩչһʽ˫ײơ
ɣȻ֮£ٱסƽȵӡ
ˣȴҲòرܣ˾ͽƷ֮£ӱ˿⡣
ȴá̫ꡱ˾ͽһϺȵת
ڰﵫյڿжתһȦӣɲǼٵʹԭڵҹɲǼƹʢȾͬһ㡣
ֵЩԭųеĵƶӣʱָ˻
ʮյȫɢǶɢںڳҹֵǷĽǵ¥ԼɵʵھŰٵƵı죬Ҳƺȫλã·˸طƵġ
ɣ֪Ѿչ
ʱ䣬󷨣ֻ뾭һϸãܴʶƣֻǴʱȴʱҲ鲻
һչֻٵһͥ԰֮ɽţű̲оȻ׺Щƣƺġ¥һģ
һоܾȻɣȴ֪Ƕǲʵڵġ
˲Ҳֻ÷Էһƴˡ
ڰһӰǰƹ
˶һ˫ʩչҹ̽зֻͬʱֱ̽ɣϲƷ缲ָ絶
ɣ˹һᣬá˫ţֵءֿԷ˫֣ȴڴʱһ
Ӳһ㱼䵫ǰһʼɽͷǶԼѹȻ֪ϵþȴҲɲ㲻սľ
ͼһɲ湥кȰη̴ֱ¡
ɣнһζԷȣԷš
Ǵ֮߳󣬲ŷԷζȻţ 







 

  
ʮ¡Ů 

ڶֹ˵ɣһʽշȣɾԵˡ
˸û뿪ĻңʱشС
ɣһ֮£ǰһ䣬Ȼʧȴƽȣҡȴһ׹ȥ
ȴӰͬһһδصıϮӭ
ҲղȽֵϴĿޡ롰ֶ족ﲨ
˶޼ɣԣԳΩֲأΩֲ
һֻȣһ˫йٱʣϹɣƽ
ɣڿէȻƣ˫أӿһнһﲨһ˫ʣб˴Ŀޡȫȥ
ΪɣмڵֻڿʱӲƵţѸٵ˳֡
аĽšĿޡһӣѾɭȻĽǱѰ
ХһͿһۣ¡
ɣԵĽŵȦȴԵһ㡣
֧ĺȣȾڽȦ֮ڣһꡱ죬֧ȻΪһƬɻҡ
˵ÿ죬ҲƱ˲ɣɣԾȥͬ˻ĴƬ⻪һϮʴĳ°ھΪ飬ʹھʧз׹
ɣЦһ˴żȥ׺ȥ
ȴñһȵСˣ
˵Ŀǡ̫ꡱ˾ͽʵϾˡ
ռ֮㣬Ӹһ£һƬ켴Ρ
ɣһ֪ؽֻһ󷨣ȴ޷ʹԼӲ䡣
³ĵ֮ʹµ壬ëⷽ棬ñ˾ͽһ߳䣡
һƬһҼ֮ʸ˷ڷ볲ģɣ֮
ͬʱ䣬оǰ˸ٵƻûΪһƬӰһĵ¡¡֮ɽǰѹƹ
ɣԶȻһƵʱȲнӳȫһżʸڵأб̫ꡱ˾ͽȴƹȰشԾɣɷ֪Ϯκǰþ۸ӣۻңʹʤ
͸ɣСٵƣ˿̳ǰңռ䣬ÿյ֮󣬽һ͵˳һڵɣǰ
һɼ䣬ٵƴԾǸɲǡеĿס̫ꡱ˾ͽ
˾ͽӰŰʮյƣٶ棬ͬʱ
ɣԭƵֻ֮ʱȼȣȻ˼ʱ䶼ûУ
֪ϵþǻþҲʵɱС
仰Ҳ˵δ˽⵽֮ǰûа취ֱġ
֮䣬
ɣԶȻһ֪󷨵ķͬСɣǿһɵ֮ҲԻġǱ
ֹһѰ
Ȼڵϡ
ɣԷһѰ⼸ȫ˳ȥ
ǡ
æдȴǸ˸ˡ
Ǹ˾˾ͽ
˾ͽʩչһڶ̽
ڽҲͬĽһ𣬿ȴ󳬺֮ϡ
һ󳬺κָоľʹɣԵ¡
һ˵о
ɣԴһ
˾ͽȰγĽ⣬һѪɣ֮˳
˾ͽÿ죬ȴҲΪɣԾĳ¹סӡ
ɣԾǸ֮£һʩչҲΪɹۡ
̫ꡱ˾ͽĳشתˤ⡣
˾ͽ򣬵Ȼˤţֻ˿˸Ʈڵء
һվ߳һȵϣ
Ŀޡֶ족ﲨ˼ȥ
ɣʱȻƲᣬ˴ѪѰӶȾˡ
ɵѪӿ
Ӱ棬糱ӿټϼﲨ֮ĴУɣΣڵָˡ
ɣüַзˡĿѨ
ӿһѪȥƫƫġ
ֻáۡһŴ˸춼ǡ
˲оȣ
⡰ٵƷɻϣԭǡ𡱾䡰֮ˮġѪˮ϶֮һѪǾɣԵ
Ѫִٵһʱʧȥԣþ̼仯ΪΡ
ֻɣԵ¥Ҳࡣ
̫ꡱ˾ͽһɽʯϡһǺɫС죬ϵʩֶ족ﲨĿޡԴֵºӣһһңԤ
ǸϹӣϤ֮ʣһţݽˣȥ磬ȻʧȥˣȴĳһءŹɸֱޡ
гʱһ㣬һֳߵ߲ࡣ
һж󷨵ͻȻƻٶı䣬ԭɱ޴ʩչ
ÿ˶һ
ɣһѪһʱľ
ǴģȻƵİ
ǰʱȣԼˣҪûɣȻľʹ뿪
ϵĽ˲ᣬҲҪ̷֥ȳ
ĿǰɱκһˣΪ̫ꡱ˾ͽ֮鲻Խޱŭ
ʩչԷѨַ˲λֲգҲ֪˵ʱ䲻˹á಻óһʱ
仰˵һʱ֮Կ˹ԵУж磬ǳһʱ֮һƸˡ
˲λ·βǾʱѨֻǰѷж
Ȼһ̣Ȼͬһ͡
ȹߵǡĿޡ֮ȥ磬ȫΪϤԵʡ
˿һƣ˵ȻΪ
ߵһ֡廨
ƺȻ֪ȻֲߣǵȥӿЦʵȴҲΪԼĲ㡣
ֻ켴ˤڵء
Ȼ
ӻԾĵɣ羪κ˰
˫ĿȻӦȴ쳣
ɣէȻһԾͬʱһ֧Źɸֱޡɣ˹ȥ
ɣԵȻΪС
ﶶһżĸֱޣ֮£ɣƺһ
𣡡
¶ӻڿնڿ˸ﶷֱ׹䡣
ɣ֪ԼϸˣǰЩˣֱûһǺöԸģҪƽʱ书Ըˣ࣬ǰβͬòıսԡ
ڼӷ׹һɲǣɣͻƵ˹ȥ
ŭһȻԾŹɸֱһˣɣǰϵȥ
ɣ϶дһУﳤٴξȻżĸֱ֮Ͼȥ
ձޣȥɣԵӡ
Ľŷ̧һ룬ȴֻһԷɣеǿڽȻоһ
ڼĴϴ˸͸
ʹ֮£һ
ʱ̫ꡱ˾ͽԼֶ족ﲨǡХɽȴͬķɣ԰
էˣ㶼һԷ׷ͼӪȡ
˾죬ڶԸɣ˵ȴһ㡣
ɣԷɨһֻţһӵ
ԾɣԵһڽָʺϣ
һͻȻĶǵʹõ˼һҶͬã
ɣԵĽֱֱص˼ʺ֮ϣĽ⣬ѾͷһǳǳѪۡ
ŵýֱڵϣһҲҶ
ɣЦռģվ˵
һ˫ۣͣغٺЦţɵ
ɣ԰ѽջһЩ
ϼٿʩչһʽͦɵһԾָһѸֹƵֱɣץ
ɣ϶дһֲ֣һ룬ɣһһֵĳһ߰ؾòֻ֮ϣ
ɣһǰһԡ
ȵվ֮ʱȴΪɣǼ²˸ʵ
ɣԵֽڼͷ֮ϣͷһʱȫǸŹɸֱɲסཡһڵϡ
ζֳˣȻá
̫ꡱ˾ͽһ£һҧáֱ졣
µɣģʲôã
ɣԺʲôã֮ˣ
˵ǲʩ֣Ȼܿ˵
֪ǰΣ޲һͷײɺ޵ɼΪޣΪ⡱һ̫֡ȴֻ˼ҵˡ
صɣģĳʹɣһüͷģ
ɣǿһЦڻʱ򣡡
ɴѱڣµһֻֽڼȻع˾ͽЦ϶ҪҪ
̫ꡱ˾ͽȻһګګСӡô죿
ֶ족ﲨɣԣǵĿǰΪ̸ֹʲôޣҪǸҶֵʩչ֣ӣǿɾͽʵˣ
ɣԷһǵЦ
ƹ£Щԭ׵ݣȾѪȥΪɲ
ȻǱֶ족ﲨĻŭˣһ˫ͫ˸ƹʡ
ģѽˣΪҿưոݣɣЦŵ̫ˣ̫ˣ
̫ꡱ˾ͽɣģ棬ԭǾˮˮ㲻ð̷ģϸֵܹȥ˾ͽȴֵ޹أǲź˵
ɣ޼˾ͽֻǴ˿Լ֮£ȴ޿κʳֻͼˡ
ЦҪֵףȴи
ʲô
̷ĸŮҽ
˾ͽһ£˽һɫٺЦ
ɣԵôǰյʱ䣬ʱ˽ɾݹ飡
ǡХɽŭһҪȥȴﲨһץס
Σﲨ۾һɨ˾ͽ𣬵ϴô죿
˾ͽ۾˸ޱȵŭﲨͷȥ̷ҵĸŮȥ
ﲨֹҴ뿪
ɣһֻȻڼϣĸоһɼǿ֪ɣֻڣѹעȫֻҪʱһƣԼɾͱҪˣľһǧһȴҲע
һṦﲨ̷ĸŮԶԶ߹
̷ĸŮɫΪ㲡
ĸŮÿ϶һ˿ɢ磬һʧǵӡ
ԶԶվ֮ﲨһڵ̷ĸŮɣԵôȰ˷Źɣ
ɣԴ̷ĸŮȻ㲣ǿȥãʲô˵ӡ
ĸŮ˱졪
ս״գɫ԰ףֻǴؿɣԲһ
̷֥ʱȴƻָ֪Ȼͷ
ˮųӣȫˮʪʤǱ֮֮绪ȷǲͬն
ɣỽһ̷㻹ô
̷֥֮󣬿޵øˡ
ǿֹסˣ̧ͷɣԵллɣ硭벻㻹뵽ҡ˵˵Եͷ
ɣԿһԵһֻۣǺޱ飬ϵܹ˼Ĵ̼ģ
ԭһżֻͬǶɣ˵ȴ޶ԣ
ԭǰһģֻûô֣֮⵽Ϊʲô
ԼҲ벻ͨ
ǰŮˣɣԴһ
Ŀת򡰹̫ꡱ˾ͽ£Ǿ͵Ϊֹɡҷ˼ҲĸŮҡô
˾ͽٺЦʵ˵ɣŮ˶ûã̷ĵɵĺ£Ҳζ
ɣԶȻһʶ˾ͽ֮򣬽ס̷ĸŮȥȴսɫգ̷֥ȴ
һ߿ޣһĿעš̫ꡱ˾ͽʹȺĶ
ɣһŭĪǱǡ
̷֥ҡͷûУֻ
һ˵£
˾ͽȴӰЦЦһ٣Ŀ׹⣬ע̷֥
Ѿͷһжǵֵ̫ıӦȥͷ˵ΪȴҪٱĳң
˵תɣԵ˽ˣֵܷŹɣ
ɣԣΪĸŮ˰󣡡
˾ͽһתﲨɰ󣡡
ﲨеһӳ£ৡ̷ĸŮϵ˿ѱն̷֥ʹһȥĸףһʱ
ϱյطһƬЦ̧һֻŮҷ
ɣԺ̷ﲻǿĵطȥô
ɬȥ˿顣
̷֥˼ʱֹס
ȴĸս̾Ϣһɣ๫˵òⲻ˵ĵطȥ˵ɣ
˵ڹ֥˼£Цߡɣ
̷֥Ȼ뵽˸ĸɣ֮һ޳𣬶ʱĵһһˮͷסһսԭΪɣټԼʱؽӣ벻ԷǵӺȣֱֻⷬ꣬Ͳ֪α
ⷬд࿴ɣһ۵ûУµͷͬĸ橵
ǡХɽȻȥͼ衣
ȴɣһڱٴγʣ棬Хɽŵһʱֹ
ֶ족ﲨôɣٳԲô
ɣЦһǿɾȫǵˡ
˵ýšĿޡһĵˣ
һ¼򣬾ٲ뿪ɣԵĽָ󱳡
ֵǣϵĹ⻪żǰ뿪Ӱεĵ˸Ĺ࣬³˳߰ѳ̡
ڳˣ˵жһĸ֣ȻĿɣ˹ʱ㲻ŵ
ԭɣֹǽΪ߰µľ磬ȫϵݱڹ뽣Ϊһ߹ܣһʩչʮԽϹ⻪
ɣһʩչֹʱڳ޲һ
ʵĿǰɣΣʩչֺķѾĹ
ɣ֮ˣȻڡ
Ȼûа׷ѡ
ս̷֥̲֮ɣԲŻջ˱
һ֡šʹڳ޲Ŀġ
̫ꡱ˾ͽҲ޴μ穡
ÿһ۾ﶼŭ
ÿһҲľ
ôؿ뿪ֳ
ҹɫ
ս̷֥£εֵ˶о˿Ŀο
̷֥һֱĸϿޡ
սڴľ
ĸŮڷУ龰쳣ҡ
Ůˣӣȫɣ๫Ķ䡭ӦýһĴ塭ף̫ˡ
ѿ˵۾ʳ
Ҳû뵽ȻҡشͷǪˡ
ҵ̫ˣ̫ˣȫҵ
ҵ
㲻Ҫ˵ˣ
Ҫ˵սڳճյص̫Բˣ
̷֥鴤ŵǲĴֵֻ˼̫ݣ

սϹһ˿ЦġֻҲΪҡӦӦ
ӿ˳
̷֥ŵǸô죿
ս૵֥ĻɣԶ㱨𣬲㻳Ƿ˼̫ˣ
̷֥ҡͷᡭ
ģսն˵Ҳҡ飬ΪŮˡǣǾᡭ
̷֥һս
սڵ⵽˫۾ģĹ
ǡô죿
սϴһ˿Ц
ûʲôµģصҵϣĺãҡҡ
˵Ȼס˵ڵĻ
̷֥һô˵ʲô
ҡҡͷЦûʲô
عͷ·Ͽһۣһüôû
̷֥Ȼһˣɣ磬ˣ
һҼˡ쿴ȥɣ
˼ֻعͷĸס
ƵƵֵȥɡһȥġ
̷֥ԥһ£ֻعѭ·ȥ
Ϣһ̣ȻסӣȻһ
ǰɵľ룬ɣͷڵϡ
Ȼƹأͦܲסڵϵġ
ҹɫ֮£ǽϵ¹⣬ҲؿȾѪ
̷֥һ˹ȥɣ磬ôˣ
ɣͦĿ⾼עŹ֥ôûߣ
̷֥˹ȥ˫סص硭Һ㡭
硭ˣ
ɣЦҪܣ㻹Ǹĸ߰ɡ
̷֥ҡͷҲƲ㲻ܣ
ɣԲЦһ֪˭ô
֪ˡ̷֥һͷﶼˣ
ˣ
ˡ
ɣ硪硭̷֥΢΢ҵ̫Բˣ
Բ𣿡һ˿ЦϣΪһԲ𣬾ܹˣ
ûô룡
̷֥һǻ鼤ʱ
侲һ£ɣԣôҪ
ɣƿһȳһЩѪĭӡ
صҪҵģҲûҪ㣡
ҡҪģ̷֥ŵ
㲻ڣ
ҡ̷֥ҧͷҲڣұ㣬ǲеģ
˵
ɣԳһ£ڰӸȥ̷֥ߡ
ɣһ·ڷԽǰƬɽ롣
硭ǧҪͦһͦ㿴·ǣ
ɣ˵㾡ɣǰϲֻ¾ˣ
̷֥ģһܸϵ
仰켴չѭһȥ
ʱ̷֥꣬ʵҪЪֻ
һƬĲݵء
֥ŰɣԷ
硭ҡһϾߣ
¹£ɣ𶧡
ҧݣƺǿ֧ţڲݵǿ˵ͷ
̷֥һͷţ
ûô۹ˮ˰ҹƣ벻˿һľˣǵԼֲֵ֧֧ס
ͷһʱһֻͣ۽ֱð
ʵֲ֧ס˫һڲݵ
ش˼硭ߣ
ɣ䲻˵۾ȴ¶ж֪˼΢΢ҡһͷ
̷֥죬ٲ߾ˣ磬Ҫã
˵켴ɣϳ£˫Ť˼ŤΪһ´ҴҰѶԷԼϡ
벻ƽôɵӣʱȻôء
̷ֻ֥ɣԷŵĹաǰϲס֮
仰ѹ̫ˡ
ഭһ켴ּȥ
һ˰ʱԶԶؿɾͿ˱ӼƬӡ
ӡɺˡ
˷ܵ۾ʳᣬȫ¼ֱ˶Ƶġ
ǵվס˽ŲƵƵϢŵ硭ˡˣ
һǰһģڵء
硭硭
һطǰһƬڡ
ۿšӭѽȴľҲ߲ˡ
ǿվһôϹҲƵشš
硭쵽ˣ
ͷһʱһ󾪣
ȴֻɣԴͷڱ֮һƬģѪӳżǰ⣬ֳٺ֮ɫǰף
̷֥һֻŵ˸ս
ʹһ磡ˮ
ݸ鲻֪ʲôʱģҲоô
ֱ˿һɲǣȻȻϱˣȻԼôҪ
ԼĸС
һƬհףûʱٶ룬㱵ǰţ뵽ģֻǡˡ
βҪ򵹵ˡ
ʱһ˻֮
̷֥ʱһٿת
һȫµ͡
Ǹ˴һϮɫĶʵĳ£һɫĴͭӣʮңͷϴһ߹ڡ
ַκܹ֣ƺֻ࿵һߵʿ˴š
Ǻһǰͻס֣̽ޡλǡô£
̷֥ȷ˲ʶɾһء
Ǻӷĵ̷ָ֥絶һ²˱־Ѩϡ
־ѨΪѨ֮һں࣬лͨѨѪĹЧ
ѨʮѨ֮һǲȵУһֻ㣬ͼɥ֮ա
̷֥֮һܻ֮˵ڣֻ˿̾ľƽ֮֮һȫ֮಻أȴʹ˻ʡ
Ǹ߹ںӣԡһ˫ĿһʱࡱһϷ
̷֥˫ַסӣԾطһضֱӼɳȥ
ⷬ˵Ľųǲͬ
ƥȻһ㳣һƥصຣëࡱһܿʸ
յʱ䣬ˡӭǰ
΢΢¶ɫ
ʱʵ̫ˡ
̷ֱ֥ӭ¥֮ϡ
ɣԾסǼ䷿ǰƴ롣
ȵѱϵɣԷ֮˲һ
ɣ˻ӣ˻𣬵˵ơ
һĵɣûС
̽̽ĿϢѾûˣ
߹ﻹˮһΪЩԼŻʵĺ˼ڣ
ȻʼΪȫá
ľΪѨ̷֥ɸ״ѧ˼ȵġѨַ֪һѨ֮Ǵ˿ĿɣΣ֮ʣ˵ҲֻСҽһˡ
۵ᣬһ˫ֲͣľѨƵƵĦһĬžžŰʮһͻָһ
һ֮Ȼ֮Ч
䴦ɣٿȫһ𣬶Ȼ
˫ĿȻشһ̷֥ɲסرסӣһʱϲӣʹ
˼æס
硭ţƵš
ˡллأ磡㡭
ɣ΢΢һͷҰɫϣʱ΢΢ֳһ˿ѪɫãĿעڹ֥ϣĿ˵ĸˡꡢʹ࡭
лл㣡ګګϰǱѨַô
ҡѧһĨϲøĽϣң磬Ҹô
ɣĿͷһƤһľϻ
̷̴֥򿪸ңҳһС̨ͬľӡ
롭򿪣ģ
ã̷֥Сĵذľд򿪡
ֻľ֮ڣʢŰкɫķĩ
ɰ
ǡɣ֮УܱŴݵ̬ʵǲס
ϴſЦګګǼʦơɢ
̫ˡ
ɣԵҷڡٵƷɻΪ˾ͽҷΣ˿ѪʹѪ˴
̷֥ҧһǸúݵġ磬Ҹô죿
ɣԵѽɢһˮڡ뱭ˮ
˵ţĿϢѡ
̷֥Ҵ編ƣ˹ȴһɲǣɣɫֳҺ֮ɫؽҧżȵʹ࣬ŵơ
Ȼſ졪
̷֥ưѱھ֮ܽҩ֭ȫɣ
ɣ£̡һ
ӻǰȥ
̷֥ذ˫ƽˡ
лл΢صڲ㱣סˣ
̷֥һЦỹء
һյʱ֮ڡ˴ȻʳܶѪϢص㲻غ¡
̷֥ƵƵͷ֪
ɣԵʱʩչַΪҰߡַ𿪡
⡭̷֥һ̫Σˣ˵硭ͦסô
ҪȵҵѨʹʧȥ֪
̷֥ͷɾ
硭Һ㡭Ϊҡʹ
˵鲻Խ
ɣԿţȴҲ˳޸п૵صΪ̫ˡ
֪ȫңԲ㡭磬ԭǰɡ
֣ɴ¡
Ұ첻
ҧҡͷ
̷֥һ˺һΪʲô
ɣԺƵصǡѾõ˱Ӧ
̷֥ĵصǵġѾѾ̫ˡ
ͨ㸸׺Ҹ׵ģ
һҲ֪顭ȫҵ
޵úġôԼĸǲӦõģ˵Ǽ飬ΪԲĸס
ֻɸĸ˫׼ѡһ˵Ļѡĸס
Ըĸһί
Ҫĸ׸ȫг
ҵµ֡һҲ֪ҵ
ԭɣԿɬصôġѾ
ԤԼͷԼ˵Цһ£ûٰѻȥ
̷֥ӣĨһ±飬ֲһᣬŻع
ɣԻ˵㡭ΪʲôҪң
ң̷֥ͷΪң
ûоأ
ǡ̷֥һʱˣһǻ㡭
ɣԷһ̾켴۾
̷֥ע˿ڣһöѪ
ֻɣ߼˴طవɫѪžɣǰ˵Ѫˡ
ɣͷʾ⡣
̷ֻ֥úʳָߡѨϵһ£ɣԶʱ˹ȥ
̷֥ɣԵĹգ켴ʩչǿߡַ˫ַذɣعһķֿʩչַʱֻɣȫһ΢˴Ѫ
ѪɰɫתΪʺ죬̷֥ʩչϹַʹؼ߹һԭ󹦸ˡ
̷֥۵ƵƵţ̫ŵԵʣ߳һ麹
˿Ȼ
Ϊ⾪˶Ŀ뾡㡣
£˺һӣСĵΪһ£Ϊ⿪Ѩ
ɣԳһ켴˯ˡ
̷֥Ŵϸ֪ҹۣƣһӣ켴˯ˡ
תʱ򣬴ҫһƬɫ⣬ѴֽȾˡ
˯ڴϣϻűӡһͻȻķ֣ʹһط
ͷ쳣
ɣԲ֪ȥˡ
æ´ʱš֨һ
ɣֳ֦룬켴ѷŹϡ
̷֥󾪵ô´ˣ
ɣ΢΢һЦŴ㲣ǱϾٵػָ˲˼顣
һľ̫ƣˡѾһڹ֪ڹеġô
̷֥һµ˵
ɣԵʩڹˣǲġ
̷֥ɴϲʱһұ˴žǽڶġ
ƽߵȵģ
ɣһ˫տտĿ⣬ƺעգҲգһµע
ͻȻ̷֥ˡ
ҹദûôоǰʱûָоһɲǣȻоˣ˵ȷǹֱŤģֲ˼ġ
Էŵôһ㣬۾Է۹һӴϸ죬ˣһʱӶˡ
ң
͵͵˵ֻԼüȻɣҲˡ
ɣԷ˳һ̾
ҲֻԼ˽⵽̾Ϣ塣
ɫˣ
߻ʣ
ô٣
ۺһе룬һеһ
һˣԼȻȥǺεȵźεȵİɥ
ɣվ֦Ȳǰ
ƿ˴ƻסбһɲǣ˵Ϧ޺ãֻǽƻ衱Ȼֻƻı
һĪκεı
Իȥˡ
ϵ飡
˺ĵĮ
һ仰ڴʱ˿̣ǰ˵˵ȷʵе֮⡣
̷֥һԭΪɬְɲǼΪ԰ס
硭ګګصˣ
ѾˡҺܸм㣡Ŵ⣬˵˺ܾãǲ
ɫһףǰһΪʲô
Ϊ˼ҳ𣡡
̷֥Ȼشͷ
ԡվûɳˡ
ᡪԶģ֥ſ
ɣصģתԣʱӣһЩĺá
̷֥һ䣬˵硪
㻹ǽɣԺáЦ˵ﻹû֪һ뵽Ҿ̲ס
ƺڹڼһ¡
̷֥һܣɲסִͷ
֪ǶģҪȻεؾԼȥԼ
һ룬Ǻεȵĸܣεһǻ
ͬ˵ôĵһˡ
ǣҲ˵ֻҪŭʱ˫۾֪ˡ
Ѿ˵̫ˡ
˴˿˵ϡϬһͨ
̾һĵز
ɣԵﻹɴ߽Ϊ㡣
̷֥˶٣Ҳã
˵꣬͵Ӹǰ߹
ɣԵҲˣҴһԵġ
һֱһֽʱصݹȥ
̷ֽ֥סЦһ£ʲô
˱
ãҰԣ
ϸϸüëǳǳЦشͩҶƮֱ¡
ɣؿ鲻Խ¶Цݡ
ػعԼ֡
ƮĳԭҰ⣬һε̬ôһȥˡ
Ժ꣬˵֮⣬벻ӣȻˣһпôİ·Լļˡ
ԺʦԶԶվ£һ鲻֪˵Щʲô
̷֥һ߹
Ǽէһ㶼ֳϲ֮ɫԶľţСˣ
Сˡ
ſһ죬첽ܹѽҵС㡪
ϲֻСƵܹס̷֥֡
ҵС㡪ǻˡү㶼ˣ
̷֥Цһ£ֵѾͷ泤
𡪡ˣС㣬ݶˣ
̷֥صܲأûѾǺõˡ
˵Щˣӷ𣡡˵ˣһпɶˡ
ﻹðɣ
̫̫
š̷֥һɾͷֵɫȻô˵̫̫ã
̫̫ͷãֻǲˣһ˶ſһҹ
̷֥̾һû˵
һ£˳ǵС㣬ˣ˼ҿɾͺˣߡȥȥ
˵̷֥־ܡ
̷֥ͣסûжүأ
үڸЩ̸ء
Щʲôˣ
ຣһģкүǡ
ģ
ĸӣ˵ºܴ󡣡˵ͽܣӴúܣסء
֥룬ʵҲʶôһˣŲȥĸǱߣͼһСܳԶؽеС㣬ү룡
̷֥ü㬵߹ȥ
С˵үڿСȥˣ
֥֪
ҺźЩˡ
̷ףԱǺ񣬻һͷ˸ңŹˡ
ͷϻ߹ڳẺӡ
µʱ䣬̷֥Ȼ϶ˣȥҲԵݶˡ
ҲһݶˣһԺĿۡѾϹˡ
ÿһ˶ע
̷֥ڸ׺ܲ½ģǴ˿էһκɲסһӷᣬһ˳
һ˳ֱ
̷߹ıúӣͺˣͺá
̷֥һۿ˺˹ȥ壬۾
ϹЦ˵㡭Ҳίˡ
̷֥˴˵
˾ͽǻµ֣˵ʳһҪ
ʱͷǸͷ˻ƵһЦ
̷λǧ𣿺ٺ١ãƯˣ
һ˵ţ̷Ůܵຣңಮǰ
ಮ̷֥ĵظһ¡
áá
ͷ𼦰㿩Ц
ಮλҲ
̷ָ֥һ¡
ֻº֮һ·죬Ǻһ˫ŭԼ

ȻǺӴһ˹һֱŹ֥ͷϻ
Դһ
̷֥ٿʵʵסµơ
İͷ״³࣡Ǹʲô
ǺҲú³ࡱຣϳƵ֡
ʱֻŭŮ˾糿ѨˣҷǸƴɣ
̷֥ȻϽ֮£ԭԼѨַ˵ǸˣһʱϾùֲڵġ
ŭ߳˵̷ǧ㲻Ҫ˵˵
ǸС³ࡱֿһԵ̷һۣԼҲЩò׼ɵط߷˿ӡ
̷֥ǵŸԼǰȴҲϡ
̷ֵ˵ôһ£
һЦϸô£Сͽ;ӸΪһŮܶƥַѨǺ·ӣֻһˡ
£
̷۾תŮ̷ֻ֥װͿףƲ
ҹЦȻǧ£ǻ̸Ҫ
˵Ŀע̷֥ϷԤȥȹɩˣ̻ˣǾ̫ˣ
̷ͷ벻λɣȻһλյˡһȣֻ¡
һԵĺλɣɻˣ
̷֥ҡҡͷ֪
ص̣˵ˮ֮ӿȪλɣĴɲ
˵⼸仰ʱ˸粻ɫ֮ζ
̷΢һͷ˵֪֪
˵תҵ֣˾ͽҿһưոݣ˵ھͻȴҪأ
һЦٺҲҵķҲ÷ˡ
̷һüˣ˾ͽҺ˲ӣҲɹС
ҿЦ̷ϸģ˾ͽ֪ûһǵģһңҪຣɽġɰ
̷֪һĶŰɰʮֺݶʩչһΣǰຣ̷ʵĿˡѡһٳɼߡ
һսܲңѣʣһ˫Ŀʧ˶ݡ
ΪһεĹϵҵġɰ
ҲΪһҵΪΪ֪Ϊĺ壬Զ֮
ˡǻɽǡɰȴҲΪİ֮һ
̷ʱէһ估ְĴϲȴǲɫ
켴ԴԼǾ˫
̷֥ǿ﷦ζѼ̧ͷһСѾ߲ڸŴԼƣͽվⲽ
̷վ߹ȥȥ
֥ȥ
˵ʱߵǰܿиˡ
̷ʮֳصصҲãλ˸Ƶģô£
֥Ȧһ죬ͷûи
ûѽ̷һʲô£
֥ҡҡͷת
̷̾ϢһȻû뵽桪
˾ͺˡ˵Ǳȥһˣɣȥһˡ
ȥɣ֥Ȼһ
̷˵˺صˣȥллһֱС
ҿˣ̷֥˵һ䡣
Ϊʲô
ΪԸ˼֪᱾£
Ϊʲô
̷֥ɲסЦЦ˵㻹ǲ֪ĺã
ǣʵûɣʵ˵
º͸׵۹Ӵ
صͷʲôҲû˵
̷ȻЦһ£ðɣúȰȰȥɣ
ȼ̴㡣
Ƶ쳣עŮ
ܺãϵһ·»ġǵɫ廨Сߵһ֣·һٴڹ֥ӡĸֻһΡ
ͷҲǸոһֵڷ߻һСС
ִ磬ʹù֥ΪԾ
ϵҲ²Щ֬ϸϸüëŨˣȥֱ¼һĽ
ֵ֥úܣǿĸ׸ˣҲˡ
ԭĸ׾֮ⷬ󣬿ܻ̼ˡ
ң
˵˵ˣɣԵҪҪ
Ѿˣ
Ǿͺãϴһַĵϲãһֱڵи̣ҸĿȥȪ֮µĵˣ
Ҫˣ
̷֥ͷһͺޣ޵Լ
ӣûһʮȫʮġϺǳǳЦݵƽһӡ٩٩صϣץЩʲôЩʲôһԵҲʧȥЩʲô
֪
֪ҡҡͷҿǲ֪ͻ֪ˡ
˵һ£ǺȻ뵽ʲôʵɣԸ̸Щʲô
Ҫ𡪡
Ӧõģ
֥һ㵣˵Ըһ£ӵɣһˣ˵õõ
Ӧõġͷתô˵
֥˵˵ԭȴܷŹ
ϴһ˿Ц
Ļԭңҡͷģ
̷֥˵ԼͷԼ
ϴһ£૵ҪһҪ£
ʲôҪ£
ѾˡԼЩʲôԼ֪
˵̾ϢһˣǷһĿԾĹ
һģ˵רΪ˶Ը˾ͽһˡ
ʲôãЦһʹӮ˾ͽǸˣҲӮɣԣɣԲ⣡
̷֥һ£ɣԡĻ֣
ģϵֻܾ
ң
ЦΪж
̷֥һû˵
סӡǰģҲֻܾôִܵҪõֱӦ
̷֥Ȼ˸¡
Ժ󡭡ұ¸
ʲô̷֥۾ü
ɣòһԼͷԼģ
˵ţִȻһڵ
̷֥һ͵˹ȥȴѾˡ
ո˹ȥһɲǣеĵѾѸٴ̽Լѡ
̷֥ŵȫһ£һѵγѪ̰ѷۺɫȾˡ
졭̷֥סĸӣΪʲôΪʲô
Ѿȥˡ
סֻܾϽסŮһ˫֣Ȼɣԡ
Ҳ㣬ǡǡǡ
ƺҪ˵ЩʲôһӲϣʱһغ
̷ʧǵظϵֳۼһ󡪡Ů赹һԡ
Ѿ߲һ޽š
ĺӣҲͦܲס
ֻϥͷһʹһڡˤڵء
һģ̷ڴǰεڻ׵ĺϡ
ŮѾˡ
ǰ˾ͽ裬չԾ
̷֮Ȼʣ֮ͱӡ
ڴǰ˲ʱŻյظ
ſǰվˡ
ļԺеŮӶˣɫɥ
̷ԸһŵĻԺŶκ߽ݣ
ǸԺӦһ̷ͬһ˴
ڵƻԻͣңȻһʲôĴ¡
̷ԭѾһƬףŭޡ𡱣Ѿʹȫһˣ
Ǯ֡ʮƤŵϰ塣
̷һҶվ
£
˻һۣ漱ģʱ̷ɥżϢһŴˡ
ϵҲԱ
˼Σ޻
ҵ۾ȫ̷ϰ塪
ʱС̱ƤʧԺѾȥˣҿʱӦ졢ϵ߼Ƥȹ˰ɣ
̷ȻصͷҲֻˡ
˵ܵ͡ÿһ˶ˡ
ʱ
߼Ƥŵϰ壬Ҳһͷ
̷ҧٿµĵˣԷҪŪ壬⼸£ұʧء
ЦЦګګȥҿƲˣѾһˣ
ʱһɧ
Ǯϰվǰ˼ͨһӹ̡
ȾһСҡ
̷صǮƹҵĻû˵꣡
Ǯϰŵǣ
վ̷ͷ
۾͵͵ػţڡὦ
޵Ȼţ̫ˣһɲͶµӰʹʧȥԭеϡ
ҧݣ۾ݽٵһ̵ʵ
˵תʺ
ǮƹǺ
̷ͷǮƹģǿ顮ħƤӣŪˣƤӣǻпΪ
һʱһ
Ǯϰ԰׵һʱҲѪɫ
ллءƤӣþˣǮϰ۰Ͱ͵ص붫̿ҺϽｻӷллء
̷ڻܸ㣡
ΪΪʲô
Ϊһû
˵ĵȻ˾ͽһˣǮϰ嵱ȻҲһʱͲˡ۾úܡ
ÿһ¶żȻġ̷գʧȥ˫ۡ
̷ӵݺʧ𣬼ʮ
һеһУżȻġ
ıضһʵţִһ
Ҫ̷ĳء
κˡֻҪ̷һˣбԷĿܡ
͵οˣһ뵽ÿһ˺Ȼָоˣмɫ
̷վʱסﲻҪ뿪졢죬죬һжһת䣬꣬ǵ꣬˫һ군ȥɣ
Ҵһ£ҪǣȻܽһģ̷ˣˣ
ĸ
룡
켴̷ˣǡƤͨѽ
̷ҡҡͷЦһ£ƺûګګˣ
̾һ벻̷ͻȻҵ˵ز
ѵ̲ҪǿħƤôôŶʶ
̷ŻȻ
ֲ֮壬ʱѣʱͿ
ʱȻʲôˡ
룡
Ѿˡ
ʮ߰ͣСͷۣװ׵ƤصϢҸ¼һС
̷֮ڳƣˡ
ЩƤŸˣúܣֱش˸к
λ̷õİΪڼƤĹαǰ޵̬ʣƤҵУΪΩһȨԵļ
Ƥ֮ͨǽŵӡ
̷ῴ㱵صá⼸˺ܶ£֪
žɥص˵ˣҧһ֣ȥԷҲ̫ˡ
˼ǧҪԼء̫ˣ
µƤУȱӦѾʮŶţֻʣ¾ġ仪һңǿ֧ţ
Źֵǣ仪Ͻǵϵ̵Ӧά֣
̷᳤̾һת˵ȥǿƤ
Ӧһȥ
ĴʣĪǵõʲôƤô
̷̾ϢҲͷµȫƤˣ
һʵʲôƤӣô죿
һԵǮϰǴ˵Ѿõġħѽ
Ŷʱһϲɫص˵ѾȡƤ
̷̾ϢһΪƤӣҵŹУΪڵȺԺ󣬾ͽǮϰõȥϡ
ǡ૵صǲеĴˣ˵ʥ϶ƤѾãȥ͡
˵ʱѷأһӣҶŵվ
еעֻϣΪƤӣֱӵÿйϵ
ŵǮϰ壬ΪƤӵıӻܲŵҪ
Ӹ˴ʯϡ
ҲС
һ׼ƤĹߣССӣҩˮһֻƵˮŴ󾵡
Ӵˡ
ѩ׵һƤ
ÿ˶۾
ΪƤӣرһס
ȻСذƤ˳һӶ
ÿςֳһϣı飬΢΢һƬ
δ֮ǰһüͷֻشƤӣڱһ¡
ʱԵúܽš̷æʣô
ҡҡͷһ룬СƤϴ˼롪
Ȼַֿë棬ϸˮ͸Ƥë㡣
ÿ˵Ķᵽɤۡ
ſſţԭеһɺȻʧˡ
ɥ
ôˣ
ôˣ
ôˣ
ÿһ˶̲סһ䡣
ͷúܵͣҧҶؿϵļھҵš
á
̷̧ᣬЦ˵Ƥ˭Ǣģ
̷ļڻţˡ
ǡѩɣôĪƤǡ
Ц
һԵĺɵ͡
̷Ȼ˻Ÿǰһѣץ
˵ô£
Ŷ˵ƭˡǼٵģ
̷һ֣ѻˤ⣬ͨˤ˵ϡ
ǵźĵֻ̺һ²̾Ҫ
ɵһؽŰࡣ۵ֱ
̷ȴйƤƵأһ
ȻվŭǼٵģϸ
ȳ߹̡һ㲻Ǽٵģ
˵̷ۿǸǲŸǮ㲻˵ħһȦëô
Ƥαģ
˵ţ켴ȡһ޻һСƿﵹһҩˮȻǿɫط˼¡
ϵЦ飬
޻һ¡Ҳˣ޻˺ɫ
ɫȻǾ˹Ⱦȥġ
̷ȫֵһս
ꡭˡһжˣ
˵ʱһƣᴩʯ棬һεʯڵϡ
Žһ˵İħƤëۣ֮룬ƽʳٻۣ֮ʶ㣬Щȴǿαģ
˵ҡͷ̾ϢҪھͺˡھͺˣ
̷Ȼһŭ𡪡һƶ˻Ƶĺ
֮ͻȻӿһѪ
ǰһԣʱͻ˹ȥ
ǮϰҲһݳ壬ֱصȥһʱ֮䣬Ȼ
һеϣƺΪǿٵİħƤӵȻ޴档
̷£ÿһ˿ȥɫǳ
źڳƿ飬ʱһڽŵĺƲš
ãɢ
Ƥ̷ԺţʧȥɫʱطҳŪЦݡ
ʱ̧ͣͷ죬ز֪˵Щʲô
ʱֵͷţ丵ᣬͬϵ㣬һſɢڵϡ
ˮȫʪˡ
ԼĪĸʱ֡
һɫζˣҲ챾ǸɫֻмЪ磬ʱʱʹǰһпȥ
һӰοն𡪡
ҲʱԿȥŻô
ȻмߵṦĻմˮ㡣
˴һɫĳ£ͷܳ
Ӹһ켴ѸϷ
˵һ˫տտӣעһˡ̷ᡣ
Ĺԣʾһڵͼ
ǰˣ˵ʲôͼǾ͸ǳޡޡޱȵĳޣ
Ҳʲôİˣǡֶ족ﲨ
˫۾ע̷ᡪ
ȴһע
¥֮£ӳһǷܣڵסӡ
仰˵Կﲨﲨȴ
ˡɣԣȫעҲע̷ᣬﲨˣʹòעﲨ
꽥´ˡ
Ժ̷Ȼûзȥ˼һˮʪȫʪͷ
ʱ򣬵Ȼ˭Ҳ޹ʳҲûע⵽
ܾûԺҲԽԵڡ
ʱ򣬷ݼϵﲨȻѾʧˡ
̷ߵ£һյֽơ
ڷת
̷ȵһͷһͷ߹ȥıӰƹãֶ족ﲨص
µɣԲЦЦҲֻԼЦĺ⡣
ﲨͷΪˮʪˣ͹ˮڼϣһйٱʣ֪ʱѷֳС
ԴһĵɣѾͼȻ̷д̡
̷ǷĲ֪ȷܷѽ⣬ɣԲΪˡ
֮ΪǰкϷԿˣԼȷһȫԹߡ
һ֮ȥ㲶ˣǲζĹˣֻҪ˫⻪˸Ʋ⣬֪ĹǾ˵ġ
ﲨĲ̤ȣ֮죬ɣпҲǹ˵ģ̷˴Уﲨȴ˿⡣
Ӹһ켴һ档
ݸߣӺ澹Ȼ˿ԡ
̷Ỻתȵһͷ߹
˾֮󣬼ֱѾһƵġ
ֻɢɣˮܵ͸ʪһ˫ɵ۾ݵģϲ˺Ѫ˿
Ǵҵӣÿһͻͣ˼һӡ
һֱƵ˵ʲô˭Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
Ӻġֶ족ﲨһй˫ʣʮֽŵӡ
۾ȫע̷ᣬʱС
ɣһ֪ﲨڴԴʱʱͻȻһ
ɣվĽǶÿؿˡ
̷૵˵ʲôһ˫ʵ۾ڸţȻһ¡
ﲨڲصǸ߹ȥģǺȻһתӡ
ﲨŵǰ˽ӣһ˫Ȼ߸߾Ƕй˫ʣԭӡ
йٱʵ˫ͷڵƹ⣬εȵķ
ǰ̷ƺȻֻֽزڷʴͳصͷ֪˼ʲô
ȫԹɣԵ۾￴ʶǰľ棬һز
ﲨı飬ʾ˫ѹϮ
̷ȻգɣȴΪҲ㹻ķ
ڴһɲǣﲨͬʸһ˳ȥ
ڵһйٱʣһһ£һһߣﲨȥ
Ҳڴһɲǣ̷Ȼ󣬰һϮΪˮʪ¶˳
ԭзﲨԴʱ̣ҲͬʱעǼ֮ڡ
ֻá졣
¾ס˫ʵһɲǣ˫һ
һ繭һһ˫ʺͳ³ñֱ
಻һɣ˴ŭš
ﲨ˵ȷʵǲʤ㵣ֱ벻ͨԷôῴԼġ
ʮǰİݰֵܣҲǽһͷ
ǽ£˫ѹĵķߺ̫ˣָ
ڣǱ˴ʱȻ֪˵ʲôźˡ
̷϶ﲨһҧ֨֨졪ϣڵˡ㻹ʲô˵
̷ֻһ˫˺˿۾ǧޡޣֻ˫۾֪ˡ
ƾ㣡ٺ١
˵˵ţͷЦǹȻ⡣
⣬ɲ书Ҳ⣬ﲨ̷¶ޱɱ
ګګ˵ЩǸɵĺ¡ 







 

  
ʮ¡˿ 

ﲨΪ϶ĨɱˣǸҲȥˣ벻ȻŲ˵ñֵԼˣ
˵ʱ˫϶½йٱϣֽôҲֲ
˰Ȧˡ
ֻ۾š
˫ʮϴ˴̫˽Էˡ
ΪˣǳҲ͸ΪأⱩ¶ԷԿɳ֮
ﲨ룺˫ֱֳʣȴһֻ£ҵֶֻռûпգȴһֻֿӦá
һȻﲨǲġ
ǰﲨƱطǱռֲֻɣɿһֻ֣ʱͻʧȴƽ⡣
ֶ֪УһСޱɱС
ﲨȻֶֻռţԼȴҲûлɿ֮һ
Թ۵ɣ΢΢Цһ¡
۾עֳ˵ͬʱȴҲע⵽档
мƮӰڰƶš
ˡ˽ۡ
ﲨͻȻˣҲ֤˾ͽһȫˡ
̷ⷽ棬ϵҲǾ֤硰ҡʦͽˣǾҷһ
˫ʵӣһʵеúÿˡ
˫ķܣ⿴ģƲκһһѹԵʤ
ĽֵȻܾˣ
ʱһκܳʱ䣬Ϊ꣬ԵҹɫīȾ
ɣƶӣ˽һ£ȴȻʱֹס
ΪӰһ
ӣÿϲһڳ⣬Ŷڵ̷עӡ
ÿϻһ߱ƤңĲ֪װЩɶ
ɣ΢΢һЦȻ֪˭ȴ̷֪һģΪ˵̬ôݣ˱Ȼ򶨡
վ֮ǸƫǣзܣмɽԲΪκ˷
ʹֵﲨһ˺Իݵ
˾ͽ𡢸ХɽЩȥˣ
̷Ѿ˽һĶ̷ֻܱһﲨȴʹ˫ɿ
΢΢ǰӣ֧йٱͬʱͶ
̷û뵽ԷȻԸؾͷıС
һйٱѨĶߣ̷
һֵȷǾ
ͽԹ۵ɣҲһ
̷ᾪŵ߳һ񴦣Ѱһ֧йٱʾڿշ𣬿ȴԶ㿪֧ʷ棡
ֻáˡһ֧йٱ뵽̷¡
ﲨȻʮֿɹۡ
̷ʹһһġ
ﲨǰһۣһƣ̷ǰϻ
̷ͷһʱ⣬˴ãǼƲˣ˿ﲨһ붾ȴôס
ֻȻһͦʩչһְһ˫ֻȻһۣѺﲨӭһ顣
ƾ̷ʮĹһְȷҪﲨһ
˫һӵĵֻáǡһ졣
˫壬黨һӴŤڵһ˼ת֮һﲨȻһֽУƮ⡣
˫ʵӲƴ֮£ﲨȻǳ˿
ӻûվѾһӿ֮һѪ
˵ʱ٣ʱ졪
һɲǣµӣȻ
ɣԿȻܳһһңÿеһڵȻһ
ԭһֵ
ֶ족ﲨ򲻻ϵʱ˿̣Ȼ
һڵ̲ߵһɲǣֻѷֱץסڵ
ﲨֺһ˫һӲذڵ˹֮ȴΪУǴ̵òȴҲƵġ
ɲǼ䣬ﲨ°ɫĳ°ڣ˺ɫ
һҡ˫ϥһ˵£ڵֱ˫ȥ
һ˫ӣǸຣӣһͶһͩͬǰνܹ³һˣҲӡ
Ͷͩ벻һ˹δУʱΪﲨ˫ˣǾ긦ĵȴ̷ﴩ
̷˵ǧѷĺûᡣ
ﲨӷһ򵹣̷󼲷˵
̷ʮֵİգһ˫ƣɽƵһʩչȻͬСɡ
ֶ족ﲨһӴ̷Ѿ˲Ҳûӿһѡ
̷˫֮£ӾǸƵأ顱һֱɳȥ
ڵϴһӹʱһغ
Ͷͩ˫˫չ̷ְֻڼϵһ֧йٱʰ˳ʹһġ
͡Ҳס
̷Ͷʦ
δ꣬ȴ¥һƬ⡣
ճ˿ҲӰ졪
ٵӰӣֱȼ˻¥
̷һã
Ѱ͡һƵȥƣ
͡ݳֱ֮ٿٿ˹ȥ
̷űϳȣ紦˵òᣬʺѪصεضǡ
ְ˴ӱȥ
һӰǰ
һӰȴ
Ӱöģ
֮󣬷ֱֳĿݵˡ
̷ǰǸˣǡ̫ꡱ˾ͽ̷ǸȴϹӼ
ˣƺڸֽţֻ̵ضð˴ɵĻ⡣
̷˵ע⣬ףȴ
ɵⰲǵһĻ˼桱
̷һ̧ͷǡǡ롰̫ꡱ˾ͽ˸档
ɲǼ䣬ɫ⧱䣬·һ˫˵á
˾ͽɫȻһһ˫ǱֵüëէȻһ֣ƣһɲǼ䣬ȫչˡ
ǲһϲõı飬ǿȥҲǷŭ
˵һʲôı顣
ǣ̷۾ȴǿֲˡ
κλҲ˿̱ľ壬καҲд˿̵ĸд֮һ
˫һ൱õʱ䡪
̷ڵвԷ˫âֵӡ
λյİ̷ֳ֣ݵһ˿Ц
˫ֱȭεص硭
ٺ١ǷԵ˶˵սëȻ
˾ͽƵƵͷѵãѵá˪ɣݣ۾ﻹ磿
˵ɭɭЦ
ʱվ̷ǸϹӼعֽе̷˪ɣǸǶʮ겻ˣҲúúõˣ
̷ᶸȻع˫һǰģһӦС
ֻӦеƣ䲻Ƴһ룬Ǽܸо˳Сͱˡ֮ƣӶҲͿ̷յĹʵӣ
ϰˣ̷Ц£ʵˣǲòߣ
һԺڿϹ۾ſûһݵ졣
̷˪ɡڻ͸ƨһ˵¿Բ˵֮ޣ˲
̷ᱻ仰Ƶһǻ³ȫزһ¡
ˡ
һ˿ԲܵУֻƽض٣
ϰɣ
ĿޡŭХһľŽڸֱһ٣Ҫ˹ȥ
̫ꡱ˾ͽһ߳
ֹסӣЦ磬ҪϹ˵ʲôѪծѪˣʲô˵ģ
˾ͽһЦϰˣȥҪλֵܶʮЩʲô˲书ҪĸǺڵĻǺģ
ߡһ˺⡣
Ȼ˫ʧվϰΪȥ˿߶
̫ꡱ˾ͽĿע̷ᣬɭɭص֪ЩһҲû£̷˪˿Ȱһ£ϸúñȻȻ
һۿǱϾͬ
̷һһЦã
Ҵ˴Ĩһѵҩ˺Ĳһ¡
һԵļ磬һˣǲǡ
ﲨʬԱߣһָֻﲨȻһ͵վ硭ˣ
˾ͽէȻһ㴦ͬ˹ȥ
ﲨʬڵϡ
ꡱ˾ͽȻ鶯һ£ϡ
ʱ̷Ȼ˹
̷Ȩǰƣ֪ԷԶһȡʤ
£ȻֵίȴҲ֪ν˵ȡŶԷѴ಻ɴһս
һȻԶӡ
˾ͽĿﲨʬʹķεĵͿ󾢷ת
̷ʩչһʽʽ˫֮Ͼۼڼ֪˾ͽһּʩչġڞ
̷һʩչһĵʱγת
﷢һʩչԷ̱ס֮ƶֺ
˾ͽ߳һã
˫һˣʩչһ֡﮵ӡꡱص˳ȥ
ֻڿеӻһһƬëƮ˵ϡ
ʱһԵġĿޡһ级˰̷ǰ˵̷᳤ȴһЯС߭ӣذס
С̷֮꣬ȿɵıУԱҪʱȨ߰룬ΪϺþִƣⲿλ״΢΢ȥʮַɱ
ľŹɸֱ§ͷֱ£̷һ˫ذ׽ֱܡ
һ졪
βδȫʧ֮ǰ̷ذؾ˳ȥꡱһХذ׵ĺ⣬߰һ¡
Ŀޡˣ磬̷Ķ̽Ȼǰһӡ
ĵУżĶӻȥһˣȴҲסʹüһ亹
˾ͽ£һЦз̷˪ɣۻᣬɢ
˵ʱֻ̽ɳȡһԴʵɫס
һֺУÿһֻ׶Լһ̣߳һּΪϸ͵ĸ˿֯ɵģָۣļˣȴĸָס
ֻ˫»Ӷʱʮָϵָʱʱ£һƬöĽ
ȻȴһȫɱıС
̷ḹܵУңÿ˾ͽƺΪ̷˪ɡʱľͻһսһ޳
ֳɫ
һ֮ת΢ơ
˷š
˸ӰصرţҶæھȻ˭Ҳ뵽һ磬Ȼս
˾ͽ˫ƶѣʮּ²ѡ
ȻһХ
ХӺذοն
ǰճĳɫֻ̫ꡱ˾ͽеӺȻһۣͷ½֮ơ
һ֧һìֱֻֽţֻи׵̷ֱ֣ϴȥ
̷ذһգȴһڶзȥ˾ͽС
ԩҡͷէȻһ֣෭˵Ӱֻذ׵ĺ·ɡ
˾ͽϵ˫ɫףĿ
ôܵؾţȥ˫úܣ˴κһ棬ܰʽˣʱʽŵݳһ룬Է˻ʽɴͲʩ̸ʩС
ҵĽֳ棬ʵǲ׶
ɣڲͬķųעš
ȻϹ˫Ŀȴ쳣˫зʱʶűнŲͿ֪˫ν֣һռϷ硣
ǰľ濴ƺ˫ǲ£Ǻɣȴȼ
ɱ˴˼䶯ֵĹжϳ˾ͽѾռϷ硣
Ȼ̷ļѣһƽ˾ͽй֮ȴ֮㡣
̸ʽã˾ͽ̷Ҫһ
Ȼ
̷˫͵˾ͽظ̵˾ͽ𻷱˫ۣſֻ֣ӲץԷĵ档
һƸִ֮رų
ʤһɲǼ˳
һӰȻ˿
ȥʵ̫ˡ
һһĵ˾ͽһֻи׵֣ز̷ȡ
ৡһ
һ¼գ̷ᷢһƵĺһ˺岽
˾ͽЦһ϶˰ɣ
ǰһ˫һ٣צԷĿڹȥ
صһ̡
ɣԻԸ̷ôһ֮ѿۺһӣҪִȴ˱һ
һƵĺ߳ϴ飡
һ䣬һСְͬƵƿն
һɼĴ̶磬ǰ
ᡱһ˾ͽһ˫צһ顣
ҲҪСһ֮˾ͽһΣ˫ԭɱԷ֮ƫ
̷͵һ⣬ȴҲųһ亹
ֵһ˾ͽ˫֮󣬼˰ȦӣһСӰϡ
ǸСӰǱˣǡҡҡ
ŷҲʲôرĳơҡ
һŹϴ󡢼Ϲӣˣһһᣡ
̫ꡱ˾ͽϸһˣɲסɫȻһ
㣿
ңң
ఫӣ׵Ǿˮˮ̷϶֮£ĪҲҪһŲɣ
ҡŴͷңҡ
˵˫ֱȭ˾ͽһҾ˾ͽ֣ɲô˵ģôҲһϵģν߹޲뾮ơĳ˺˫ѣɲԸǱ˴ͬҲٸ꣬ԲòǿԳͷһ£
˵֮䣬һ߰˸ˣǸڻԺʦ
ʧѾϨֻ¥лðܻ⣬ʩȡ
̷λʦĲ֮£ҴƳ
ɣһԽݼ̷ǰ
˿
΢Ϧӳ̷Ų԰ʧѪԵüΪ
λɱɱĴˣɣʵԱ򶨣ҧһҪȥȴԶһ˸
һӰ˹̷ֳ֥ȵٻӰ
ŸŮ˶ӵһ켴һ߷ڱȥ
ɣԱʮֵİտһ֮ƶԷĿ̷֥Ȼ֣ԼһĻŮ֮󣬶Ȼֹסµӡ
ֻһʱĸд
ƲһٴȷɱʱԷ߽˷ڡ
Ϊ̷ѾҲûⲽˡ
Ƭ֮վӲԼȥ
ǰ˾ͽ֮սĵġ
Ѹת򷽲սʱҡ˾ͽ֮Դ˸ѷѽ⣡
ʩչһԡꪡ˾ͽһԹצһ
ǡХɽһڹͷҵӰͶͩսһ˫ɱذսǿǰļңԭȵġĿޡӰ
ʱѴ
̷һԺʮˣ˾ͽС׷ɱš
լԺﶼ˱Ľ֮ҫŵĵ⽣Ӱ
ɣﻹ뵽˺䲻ףȴҲǸףȻ⡣
ԽƬᡣ
ź֣ǳĻҡ
̷ҵĵһ֮⣬š
֮У󷽵Ǹˡ
ɣһһźԺ˱ȥ
ƵõȷȥֻһլСκҲ뵽ǸİǽǻģֻҪƶ񣬼ֳԲεĶš
ɣżȻٺģ켴μġ
ʱ϶̷ǺؽͷԴӶݡ
Ĳ²
ϥһзŶ
ȻӦˡ
ӷõһɲǣＴһҵĽŲ֮
㲽ʾǶˣˡ
ƾľжϣԶ϶ˣ
Ȼˡ
İҲ̫ˡ
ˣϲ۲۵Ϲӡͼ
һֳֽһֳһľȣΪϹӻã²ȣÿܼͣľǰҴһ󣬲ŸҼܶ
ԵҷŲǰΪһԵʡ
Ǹ֮£ɾͲһˡ
Ȼ׷ź񣬿ΪƲĹϵԲҷſŲ챼ֻһǰС
Ωһǰ׷ƾ
ǰʱ㲽Ÿ׷ȥ
׷֮ǰѾ֣ҿܺһ
֮ȥ˶൱Ǳ϶˲ʣѪ
ϤΣǾ͡Ϲľ˵ȴϼ̫Զˡ
Ϲӣȵǰڵεİͺ߶ۣȴֽ֮һء
ǿ˵Գƽ
֮ĳޣƺ˾ͽ̷Ҫɻ⡣
ֻҪ˽⵽һ¡
۾ǺŪϹģ۾ǰǼŪϹģ˫ɥ֮ޣֻһͷԳƽ
ĵǰܣಽں׷
׷ٶȻ죬ȴ׷ˡΪˣԵ÷ǳա
ǺһùĻˣʤԷɥ֮ʹǵȡɡ
̶˽Ų
ļ㲽ʱҲֹס˽Ų
˶ҵشϢš
ֻڿ۾ü
ȻЦһߣˣľܵߣռҲŲ㣬ܵô
һſ־ţȻ֪Ǹլӵļǰȴұ롣
ΪôǷŲ
ƿš
պģǰϹӣʮϸˣܸѽ
һţֻзʱǰʺעرļУɳڡ
ظѽµӶأ
ġȻָ۾ǡ˼
ϴı飬ϢԶȴ
ɥʧ׷ٵĿ꣬ܳסȴǲš
ߣĲùˣΣݶˣ㲻Ҳһ˩ֻ죬ҲҡСӣ
šţ
ˮŢѪ
һţһȴһŹɸֱ޸ϥϣ֤㲻Ҳľġ
˸żա

ϣɣ԰˶ʮ
һʯͷһ
ǿ鱻ʯͷһ﷢ˡȡһ
ʱһӻվ
뵽ô£Цһ
Цųһ룬һ˦һֶּ֧
Ŀޡ뵽˶ԷּţӦô⡣
ּŵȻҲ˵
ַڡַ֡Ҳ׳Ƶġ硱
ַ
ֻҪƾԴ˵Ǻҹ಻ʧ֡
Сּĳƺ֤һϵĸ֡
һּ֧õ֤
Цһ룬ؼһƣƿն
ԭҲǡ硱ϵĸֻ֣һʱʧ֮⡣
ߣȴҲû뵽дһ֣ȵ֮䣬ǲ
ҲΪƫһͷ֧˦ּǹֱģȴΪһƫ֮ϡ
ˡһ˸͸
һ߽ȥȴһ֮߳ըһ컨ѪϸߣԶ
ƫƫǼȴȴǲҳֻʹȫһҲŤһţסŶ
Цһ֪˦ּѾˡ
Ϊ˱켴áɾָĹһǼ𣬡ಡһ˵ڶ
ڶѭֻͬǽϵһ֧ĲλԸߣĿ׼϶
һ֧У޻Ȼٸܺ
ֻиֱһ٣һѰӿ
ֻüֽһȫڿԾѭ͵˹ȥ
һнãһ˫нһ
ŭ˼㣡
ХţľŹɸֱޣһޣޱ;Ҳһӭ
һƣֹһ̶ֱԷǰġ
Ѫ״ȡ
Х趯ľŹɸֱޣޱʵ޲һ޼жԷ£
˫ֽƺˣ˲ӲӶԷĸֱޣˣжϾ˾
˫ȻУһ֪ռ˾ԵϷ硣
һؼȺޡ
һ޴ϣʹǰһԣڶ޽أ󱳣񵱳һѪ
һ٣ݳ⡣
ӻδٿػعһ
һνмȣƸ
Ȼݳѹһӭ˸ţֻáˡһش롣
Ŀޡڿд˸ֽһһŶԷϵǿڽһˤȥ
һеĵ֣ȫϵϤȻ˷ʤ
صˤڵϣֻֻʹڵץţ﷢ҲƵĺֱѵ涼Ⱦˡ
ߡáܵظ㡭Ҫģ㡭
Ȼȫһ£ʱͲٶˡ
һɱҪ侳ֻҪԿž͹㵨ľˡ
֮ȡʤԷȫƾǶıһ๦ȥд𣬺ò˷ܿ⣡
֮ľһҲֱԷȫʧֵ֮һ̣ȷѾŻƶӡ
һֱߵ˼ʬǰ̽ľҵʬᶯһ¡
ʬӲطһ
ɲסһĿЦҧݣ·㲻ȥͶС浱ҺүүǺô
˵ҡͷЦ
ЦһŲ԰ʧѪϣֳһֿɲ̬
Ȼľȣżʬͷȥ
顱һʱԽѣѪԷɽ⡣
бʬ֮ޣֽ֮֮ƺҪѷһ֮ĳޣȻ֮Ȼ˲˼顣
˼Ը֮ƺȻйޣһ֮£ʬһƬϡá
ʱƺŷйһǻԹޡ
£ɼʬϰγΡһ֮󣬲
ɣȻ֮ϣŵһУһ֮򶨣಻һֺ⡣
֮һ̬
ҴҰȹϣȻѽȷ¡
ɣԾͼֻ񰸣̬ǽ
˳񰸹ʯıԵһֱȥеĵطͣ֡
ӡ
˵ʱ˫һƣϵһľ壬ʱӦƴ˿
ɣԾӸ£ÿúŷ²һܹ
źҿľ壬ֻܹⱦ׵顢ӣƵǽӣ觱ʯΪ൱ɹۡ
ɣԶʱôһˡ
һֱΪ̷Ĺ̷ĸˣ벻Ȼʹ˽ġ
ǰĽϸĻǣΪ֤
Ȼ۾ϵ̰ȴȻҡ
ֻ˫ְһЩ鱦켴ŵְֻľһϣΪһΪɣּ۵ľӡ
ľƤֻһףͱ˱
ɣ̲סһЦ
ȻһСȴʹúһ
Ӿ˵ƵȻһգȵ˭
תӣȥ÷ڰϵıľʱǰ棬ɣǰ
һŭ˭
˵žȥϵıɣԾһ⣬ѺӱĲ⡣
м֣굶ס̾͸оǰǺͷͷ
˭ǡʲôģ
㻹ô
ҡǡ
ҵ
ǡȻˣɣ
¶ˣ
㵽˭
˵ı㣬̤һ
ǸվҲûһ£ڿԸоԷ
뿴ɣǸ˵ҼԮֻ֣һͷˮˣ

Ȼ뵽ҹ⧴˫Ŀ;ͶˮȵһĻ
ô㡭ǡеͿˣ㵽ǡ˭أ

һڣʱɲסʹȫ˸ս
ʲôګګִôƺ
ɣһЦҹ¡ʵ֪ñҸҪαػҪң
Ǽã޺޲߲ѣ
ϱ˵Ľϸйʱ̻ǰʹΪͷʹ
ֵܡ˵Цˣ
û˼
ګګ̷ˡһзϣҡ
ǲжϣɣԲ̷˪ɴ㲻ʱһ֮
һ̷˪ɡ񲻽ʱɵˣΪֻһݵĵֲ֪ǲ֪ģ
ֵܡ
Ҫƺֵܣɣʵ˵ɣҴ˿ȡģ
˻һΪʲôʱΣֳһĨЦ⣬˵ҹȥ޳ޡ˵ճŵˮԡ
ͬͬն
͹ˣګګ¿˵һ㣿
ɣĿ⣬տտעЦȻԣΪҶڵɱβ˽⣬ҪԵɣ
һ⡭ɱָǡ
ȸ壡
ǡ
پ٣Ȼըһ㾪ţô塭ǣ
٣
һΣҪȥ
ųƣָѸֹͻһֱɣץ˹ȥ
ֵصĵǲͬһʧ֣ŵڶͬʱ֡
ֻƷ缲絶һֱɣǰ֮
ɣԱߡһ
һֻһڿ𣬺ĵڶп˸ա
һ߿գɾ֪ˣŵõͷ֮Ϻ࣬һǵ֮عɣԵҲƵѾ֮䣬ʯ
ҪתʱɣԵһ˫ѽʵش˫֮ϡ
£
ɣ˫һʩչǡӽէһ³˫ϥһͨһڵء
ХһȻ̧ȣһֱɣϵ߹
һкԭľơ
һҲиãС߽ơֽСġ
ڹȫⲿλ㴦ǶԷüġϡһУС֡ĹҲԽѣڷ
ɣ֪ǳĹթԴСġ
һˣһʱʦȴ磬ǡ硱֮һƽĹؼ
ֹУν硱֮һ˵˼Ҳ˵ֻۿԷ粿ҲͿԲ²ԷֵĲλ
ָ֣شһ硱
һСġ˵ʩչ޷죬ӦΪɣʹԼһ˫粿Ϊй˵׶
ɣԳνǵĸ֣һ㲻ɡ
Ϊں񵹷һɲǼ䣬ɣǱļͷõ˷Ӧ
ŭХһ˫ֹէȻһ£ֻáಡһ죬֮£ǣһΪͬʱ˵ӣȴӰص˹
һûжԷȴͣʹԼ˹
Ŵʱɣȴȥһȥһأࡣ
ӻδһ룬ѸɣһֻʵĽţ̤ǰ֮ϣڳ
ɣһ죬һɫ
顭ŵǼ̷ĸɵġ
ûйϵô
ҡûСûУ
ɣһЦǸģҪٶ˵ˣ
˵һ̤Ѫڱ֮˳ʱɥȪ
Ӻɻصǰ˫ֵĳȡ
ʱɱ˸ѷѽ⡣
ҡжദ˲ʣ̫ꡱ˾ͽҲ˽ƣʱ˫սš
һ桰ǡХɽԾٵս̷ҸԺ
ʬۡ
ҵͽܰͶͩ㶼ʬڵأһ³ģ˾ͽļ˴һš
̷Ҿףֲֺ֮ҷɱѣȥһ
˫һжҲֲﲻʱĽ졣
ɣȻܽ£侲עֳ
ǡХɽһϽ𵶶Ը̷ҵһɻԺȻ࣬һʱɱһѪ·
Ϳǰһ̧Ȱ߿
ڴƿһɲǣһڷɵǰ䵽
ХɽһеֻáǺॡһ죬ɵ˰죬Хɽһ˹һڳľ
Хɽֵһϳ˾̷ᡪ
˫˵ȣƸովѪ棬״̬ͳƣڶá۷ֹ⡱ʽһͦӡ
һڸХɽұ˰һӡ
ХɽѽֽһһĲһԵڵء
̷ŭһٴ˹ȥ϶ദˣжѲ֮ƲߣҪոһ֣ԽӲŹХɽ
ʱδǰƽƳʩչСǡ
ָһһ߳٣
һ֣Хɽ֮£˹к󱳣ĳ⣬һԵڵء
̷᳤Цнֶ
һ羭쳤硣
Хɽȫ˸սŨüȻһมؽһ̷ĳǰغ󱳹ᴩ˸͸
̷Цһĵǰ̤ס˸Хɽ壬ЦŰѲĽ˳
һɲǣӰһ
̫ꡱ˾ͽְһ˫˸׶Ͷ
̷Ȼһ
ͿŮ̷֥һСġ
Ӱһ̷֥ӻûأڷһƽǮڡ
ֵĽǮڿл㼯һ⣬á컨ꡱĴӭ˾ͽһӵ
˾ͽ˫̷ֱᱳ̴էϮ޶ñСߡһһ˫֡ɽơӭƳȥ
޴ʵƷ磬ӭſеһߣöһ죬ưȫ˹ȥ
̷֥Ǽֻ·ҪǮˡ
ӷֻһ죬һƽǮȫǶľ֮ϣľмɽУֻŰȫǿӶȴһöǮϹһߡ
һƽǮȻδ˾ͽȴҲﵽ̷֥˵Ч
̷ƴתȻһ͵سֽ˾ͽشȥ
˫˿̶֣κһҲ飡
̷ע֮ϣڽͬʱһɵĽɽϱ˶
˾ͽʶٿص㵹ˡ
ߣ˾ͽҽ֣˾ͽһ֮ʤսʤңһʽ˫֡˼ߣʹѪ˹ȥ
ұϾƽ֮ˡ
ຣϰӳһתϢ
˿̵һУܿʹת
΢ô£ҧҧ𣬺ñһԾѡ
Ҵ˴ҾȻë
ԭ֮ǰѰͷġͷӥڱΪ˶Ŀһ£˿ӵأѹۣͷĽͷӥڷѣʹȻУץסֻͷӥ
ֻƺָֻġ
ʱ˾ͽһ˫צ·ɲѣ̷ϸŮڳսһ顣
̷Ȳ˹أתǷ̷ֻ֥ʧ
˾ͽ׳־ģΪԼֵټϵˣʮ֮ƽ̷һټ뵽龹˵شϣ³
Ļǻŭ𣬺޲ʱѶԷŮ֮£һ˫צʩû磬Ϸ·ʱֿա
һʽҹ̽ʽۿż̷ıɲǡ
ȻҴһϴ󡪡˾ͽһͷ
ʱֻ֡ážһ죬һƽౡȻһ˾ͽͷ˹ȥ
˾ͽХһ˸ģ˲ſɹ֮һֻɫëССӥٿ˾ͽ𣬲ŷһĿ٣ʣһѪ
ֻССӥǾþսһ˳֣˵¡
ɫëڿмһԲȦӣȻһڶ˾ͽͷȥ
˾ͽУŽӥһãڴһ̿յ̷һ߲ꡱһֱ˾ͽϹᴩ˹ȥ
нӥ۳һתһȴѰ˾ͽһֻ˳˾ͽʧĿ֮
̷һߣѰʬ˳ȥԼȴΪͣһΣڵأ̷֥ŻǰнȻճᣬ˫֮ϡ
ҹХһĿ̷̷϶Һˡǻô
˵żͷһΣ̷ָᱳŭ߳һ׷
ͷϽӥһ̷ֱϷĶʯ𣬿쵽ޡ
Ϳһ˼ȣ򣡡ֳڣաꡱһ⡪
һöССɫ裬żΪ̶һƿ֮һƫУûпͷɫСӥ
ɫСӥˡɡһﱬһĽɫëۿ׹ʬ͵ءǰӰһɣԵ
̷ϸŮһ£Ҵһֱɣ˹
ƹأӻ˵ȴ͵ڵأѪʱһغˣ
ˣսڼž̷֥ɫʤϲؽһɣ磡
ȫѪ̷Ҳɵۘǰɣԣмصɣ
ллɣȻһɭɭĽ棬ʺϡֽ˺Ȼǵǰɣԡ
̷һ󷭰ף⡭ɣɣɭɭ̷˪ɣʮǰҸپ٣϶㱨ģ
̷ᶸȻһӲپ١١
һ˵˫ϥһ켴ͨһ
һԵ̷֥˹硪ǧ¶֡
ȴ̷˫Ŀһ󷭰ףŵپ١پ١
ָֻɣԣе£ֱ˻вֹ
ֻץԼͷӡ
һʱ䣬ֿЦҲƵؽţһķˣ
һ̷֥ĵعɣǰƵƵߵͷѡ
ĿŴһ龰ɣԺȻͷ
ǰѾٳĽڻ̾һѽز켴תȥ
̷֥״һɵظţ硪硭Ȼ׷ȥǰеɣԼӿԾ䣬ӳԺǽ֮⡣
̷֥Ȼ࡭׷˱ӱߣȴɣʩչṦһ̤ԶȥɲǼʧڳˮ
л㱵ģ·ʧЩʲôͷף֪ʱƮ
С̽ͷˮƽӳ衭
ûһ˿̬һĴ꣬Ȼоޱߵ㯡ʱȴ˫˫ţ˫ɵͷӹȥ 







 
